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In the analysis, a nonlinear wave vibration equation of the thin cylindrical shell including damping and items due to geometric nonlinearities was established and then transformed by Galerkin's method. With different combinations of modes different nonlinear differential equations in modal coordinates were obtained. The Runge Kutta method was used to solve the equations numerically and some features of nonlinear wave vibration were discussed.

在研究过程中，首先，考虑阻尼并引入几何非线性项，建立薄壁圆柱壳的非线性波动方程，然后，采用Galerkin方法对波动方程进行转换，选取不同的模态组合，得到相应模态坐标下的非线性微分方程，最后用Runge-Kutta法进行数值计算并对圆柱壳的非线性波动振动特性进行了分析。

For accuracy and computation cost, the nonlinear finite element structural dynamics model of the naval gun is created with different elements such as solid elements, shell elements and the nonlinear components are considered, especially the large displacement slide and the nonlinear spring connection between gun tube and cradle rail.

在建立有限元模型时，考虑了火炮各部件间复杂连接，尤其是身管与摇架间的大位移滑动接触的非线性问题。

The hyperbolic-type nonlinear model and rigid and perfectly-plastic model are usually adopted to simulate the constitutive behavior in tangent direction of contact surface. in fact, however, the hyperbolic-type nonlinear model can not definitely display the plastic flow deformation after shear failure while rigid-perfectly-plastic model can not describe the nonlinear deformation before shear failure.

对于土与结构间接触面的切向本构关系，目前通常采用双曲线非线性弹性模型或刚塑性模型来描述，但是，传统的双曲线非线性模型不能明确地表达剪切破坏后的塑性流动变形特性；而刚塑性模型又无法描述剪切破坏之前的非线性弹性变形。

Several important nonlinear equations of mathematical physics such as φ4 equation, Klein-Gordon equation, the approximate equations of sine-Gordon equation and sinhGordon equation, Landau-Ginzburg-Higgs equation, Duffing equation, nonlinear telegraph equation are the special cases of the nonlinear wave equation presented in this paper.

几个有重要应用的非线性数学物理方程，如矿方程，Klein-Gordon方程，Sine-Gordon方程，及Sinh-Gordon方程的近似，Landau-Ginzburg-Higgs方程，Duffing方程，非线性电报方程等都可作为该方程的特殊情形得到相应的显式精确解，这里方法也可推广到n+1维空间情形。

Based on the review of progress in parametric uncertainty nonlinear system control theory, it is noticed that design methods based on feedback linearization are the main parts and the author proposes a robust controller design method for a nonlinear parametrization uncertain system satisfying feedback linearization and triangularity conditions,and a robust output tracking controller for a nonlinear parametrization uncertain system based on the identification of uncertain parameters.

在对该领域研究进展分析的基础上，针对满足三角形条件和反馈线性化条件的非线性参数化不确定系统提出了一种鲁棒控制器设计方法，并针对非线性参数化不确定系统提出了基于参数识别的鲁棒输出跟踪器的设计方法。后者是本文为飞机防滑刹车系统设计输出跟踪器的理论基础，同时也是本文的创新点之一。在对结合力产生本质讨论的基础上，分析了滑水现象产生的原因和预防措施。

The optical nonlinearities, including the nonlinear absorption, the nonlinear refraction and the third-order nonlinear polarizability of 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole in cyclohexane, have been investigated using a single-beam Z-scan technique.

以532 nm皮秒脉冲作泵浦光，采用单光束Z-扫描技术对具有激发态分子内质子转移效应的有机分子2-(2′-羟基苯基)苯并噻唑在其双光子吸收区的非线性光学特性进行了详细地研究。

Two kinds of manipulative methods are applied to heating furnace systems, they belong to classical PID ,nonlinear PID .From comparing with them,we can find that the nonlinear PID method which is presented by this paper, not only has the characteristic of high "robustness and adaptability" that nonlinear PID controller has,but also has higher corresponsive speed and shorter regulating time.

基于这种非线性PID，结合加热炉的特性，设计出了一种非线性PID控制器，并分别用普通PID、非线性PID对其控制，通过系统仿真比较发现，本文提出的非线性PID不仅具有高鲁棒性和适应性特点，同时使调节时间更短，响应速度更快。

The paper aim at the three-phase voltage source SPMW-inverter, which is applied in variable-speed wind turbines system, adopts the theory of nonlinear counterchange and nonlinear feedback, creates the three-phase voltage source PWM-inverter's nonlinear model, and deduces it's feedback linearization equation, consequently, the three-phase voltage source PWM-inverter active and reactive current decoupling control is proposed.

该文针对变速风力发电机组系统所用的三相电压型SPWM 逆变器，采用非线性变换和非线性反馈理论，建立了三相电压型 PWM 逆变器非线性数学模型，推导出其反馈线性化方程，从而得出三相电压型 PWM 逆变器有功电流和无功电流的解耦控制策略。

Based on the analysis of the process of free orthogonal metal cutting, the theory of elastic-plastic distortion and temperature field was discussed. Yield rule, intensify rule, fluxion rule, types of contact and diathermanous model of metal cutting were also analyzed detailedly. The FEA model of stress field and temperature field of free orthogonal metal cutting were established by the fundamental idea of FEA. State nonlinear, material nonlinear and geometry nonlinear thermal-stress coupling were analyzed by FEA technology. The separate criterion of chip and dispose of contact types were research emphatically.

本文在直角自由切削过程分析的基础上，讨论了金属切削过程中的弹塑性变形理论和温度场理论，详细分析了屈服准则、强化准则、流动准则、金属切削传热模型、接触类型等问题，并利用有限元的基本思想，建立了直角自由切削应力场和温度场的有限元模型，进行了状态非线性、材料非线性和几何非线性的热力耦合分析，重点研究了切屑分离标准的确定、表面接触类型的处理等问题。

In (1), the nonlinear function f is a known nonlinear continuous function of x , and the control gain g is a known nonlinear continuous and locally invertible function of x .

在（1）中， f是一个关于已知的非线性连续函数 x 的非线性函数，控制增益 g是关于 x 的已知的连续非线性的函数。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。