查询词典 monetary

Then positively ana.lyzed transmission effect of monetary policy of China in recent years, and with relative theories, discussed rr~ore deeply the existing principal problems on transmission mechanisms of monetary policy in our state under the realistic institutional situation of economy and finance:(1)Monetary policy tools lag behind the economic and financil background;(2)Separated and uneven money markets, the lack of transaction agents and defect in the relation between money markets and c~potal markets, have rendered the transaction of monetary policy lack on effective channel;(3)over-speculating, illegal operation and insufficient competition have severely weakened the transmission fumction;(4) systematic defect of state -owned commercial bank, asymmetry between financial and economic composition have made monetary policy lose an effective carrier;(5) factors beyond the financial system, such as soft cornstraint over state - owned enterprises policy decision, imperfect social insurance system, etc.

接下来对我国近年来的货币政策传导效果进行了实证分析，在此基础上运用相关传导机制理论并结合我国实际经济、金融制度与环境论述了我国当前货币政策传导机制的主要问题：（1）货币政策工具相对于经济、金融环境显得落后；（2）货币市场的分割、不平衡、交易主体不全以及货币市场与资本市场的联系机制缺位使得货币政策缺乏一个有效的场所；（3）资本市场特别是股票市场的过渡投机、违规操作以及不充分竞争严重地削弱了证券市场的传导功能；（4）国有商业银行现行体制的缺陷，金融结构与经济结构的非对称使得货币政策传导受阻；(5)金融体系外的因素（如国企决策行为软约束、社会保障制度不健全）。

Then positively ana.lyzed transmission effect of monetary policy of China in recent years, and with relative theories, discussed rr~ore deeply the existing principal problems on transmission mechanisms of monetary policy in our state under the realistic institutional situation of economy and finance:(1)Monetary policy tools lag behind the economic and financil background;(2)Separated and uneven money markets, the lack of transaction agents and defect in the relation between money markets and c~potal markets, have rendered the transaction of monetary policy lack on effective channel;(3)over-speculating, illegal operation and insufficient competition have severely weakened the transmission fumction;(4) systematic defect of state -owned commercial bank, asymme try between financial and economic composition have made monetary policy lose an effective carrier;(5) factors beyond the financial system, such as soft cornstraint over state - owned enterprises' policy decision, imperfect social insurance system, etc.

接下来对我国近年来的货币政策传导效果进行了实证分析，在此基础上运用相关传导机制理论并结合我国实际经济、金融制度与环境论述了我国当前货币政策传导机制的主要问题：（1）货币政策工具相对于经济、金融环境显得落后；（2）货币市场的分割、不平衡、交易主体不全以及货币市场与资本市场的联系机制缺位使得货币政策缺乏一个有效的场所；（3）资本市场特别是股票市场的过渡投机、违规操作以及不充分竞争严重地削弱了证券市场的传导功能；（4）国有商业银行现行体制的缺陷，金融结构与经济结构的非对称使得货币政策传导受阻；(5)金融体系外的因素（如国企决策行为软约束、社会保障制度不健全）。

It's whole content is mainly about the following seven questions:the definition of "fair value",the entry price of the asset received in non-monetary transactions,the formula of judge in non-monetary transactions,the question of whether the exchange of the labour service could be listed in the range of non-monetary transactions,the standard to judge the asset-held-for-sales and assets-not-held-for-sales,the rationality of the unfulfilled exchange of dissimilar non-monetary assets is regarded as the exchange of similar, the rationality of non-monetary transactions related to several assets is regarded as exchange of similar.

全篇主要讨论了"公允价值"的定义，非货币性交易中换入资产的入帐价值，非货币性交易判别公式，劳务交换是否可以纳入非货币性交易范畴，待售资产与非待售资产的判定，未实现最终交换目的的不同类交换视为同类交换是否合理，涉及多项资产的非货币性交易均视为同类交换其合理性等七个问题。

The orientation of Chinas policy of raising the efficiency of monetary policy and removing deflation is:(1) To reconstruct transmission channel of monetary policy;(2) To continue in carrying out positive monetary policy;(3) To well co-ordinate financial policy and monetary policy;(4) To carrv forward micro-mechanism reform safely.

6提高货币政策效率，走出通货紧缩困境的措施是：①输通货币政策传导渠道；②继续实行积极的货币政策：③财政政策与货币政策协调配合；④稳妥有序地推进微观机制改造。

In the contemporary inconvertible credit currency system, the effective exploitation of monetary policy depends largely on a set of sound credit institutions which enable the central bank to regulate monetary policy intermediary objective, to secure monetary policy transmission, and to utilize monetary policy instruments.

在当代不兑现的信用货币制度下，货币政策的有效发挥依赖于一套健全的信用制度，因为中央银行对货币政策中介目标的调控、货币政策的顺畅传导以及货币政策工具的运用都以健全的信用制度为基础。

It's whole content is mainly about the following seven question:the definition of "fair value",the entry price of asset of swap-in in non-monetary transaction,the formula of judge in non-monetary transaction,the question of whether the exchange of the labour service could be listed in the range of non-monetary transaction,the standard to judge the asset for sale and not for sale,the rationality of non-monetary transaction relate to multinomial asset which is regarded as the same kind.

全篇主要讨论了"公允价值"的定义，非货币性交易中换入资产的入帐价值，非货币性交易判别公式，劳务交换是否可以纳入非货币性交易范畴，待售资产与非待售资产的判定，未实现最终交换目的的不同类交换视为同类交换是否合理，涉及多项资产的非货币性交易均视为同类交换其合理性等七个问题

The author stressfully compare financial variables of possibly acting as intermediary goals: monetary supplies, market interest rate and inflation rate in terms of monetary multiplier, monetary circulating velocity, and basic money etc, which tries by comparing to that the index of monetary supplies is superior to the others in terms of measurability, controllability, and anti-disturbance.

其后在这一部分中本文结合经济与金融环境的变化，从货币乘数、货币流通速度、基础货币等几个方面，重点比较了货币供应量、市场利率和通货膨胀率等三个可供作为货币政策中介目标使用的金融变量，力图通过比较来说明，从可测性、可控性和抗干扰性等多个角度看，货币供应量优于另外两个指标。

This kind of study is of great importance both in theory and in practice. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the immediate problems of the monetary policy in China which are found in its subject, utility goals, intermediate targets, means of implementation and conducting mode. This study is carried out by drawing lessons from western monetary policy theory and by making comparisons on a historical and international basis. In this thesis, the problems are analyzed by citing theories as well as listing examples so as to make the analysis logical. With the help of the analysis and by considering the actual situation of the economy in China, the author also gives some suggestions on how to scientifically formulating and effectively implementing the monetary policy in China after a careful anatomizing of China's monetary policy.

因此，本文的研究主题就是在全面借鉴国外货币政策理论的基础上，贯彻理论研究与实践分析、逻辑推理与历史演绎、横向比较与纵向比较、理论继承与观点创新相统一的研究原则和写作方法，重点结合改革开放20多年来中国货币政策的实践，系统、深入地分析我国货币政策在主体、最终目标、中介目标、操作工具和传导机制方面存在的突出问题，在此基础上，结合我国经济发展的现状和要求，对我国货币政策理论体系进行层次梳理和系统重构，并对提高我国货币政策制定的科学性和实施的有效性提出政策建议。

A bimetallic standard is a monetary standard where the monetary unit is defined as consisting of either a certain amount of a metal or a certain amount of another, with the monetary authority being ready at all times to coin either metal at the legal price.

在此复本位制下，货币单位定义为可含一定量的两种金属中的任一种，货币当局可在任何时间以法定价格铸币。

Deflation has been paid close attentain to by academic circles and govern ment departments around the globe.On the basis of investigating the related literature of deflation at home and abroad,the auther of this paper puts emphasis on studying China"s deflation,including its cause of formation,mechanism of the formation and effectiveness of monetary policy during deflation by qualitative and quantitative analyses,positive and normative analyses,theoretical analysis and case confirmation;then points out the orientation of China"s monetary policy by raising the efficiency of monetary policy in the future and avoiding deflation.

本文在分析研究国内外在通货紧缩判断标准、形成机理、治理对策等方面研究方法及研究现状的基础上，采用实证分析与规范分析相结合，定性分析与定量分析相结合，理论概括与实践归纳相结合的方法，从多方位、多角度对产生中国目前通货紧缩的原因进行分析，从理论上梳理出中国目前通货紧缩形成的逻辑过程，并对通货紧缩时期货币政策的效果及未来货币政策的取向进行了深入分析和有效探索。

The statistical analysis of this large set of mutations has led us to propose a diagnostic strategy that should help with the molecular work-up of optic neuropathies.

这一大系列基因突变的统计学分析引导我们提出一个诊断策略，可以帮助我们对视神经病变进行分子学的诊断检查。

The results show that the pipe grouting changes the mechanical parameters of surrounding rocks to achieve the security of engineering objectives by reinforcing surrounding rocks and bolcking the water.

研究表明：小导管注浆一方面改变了围岩的力学参数，另一方面利用浆液的固结特性可以实现堵水和加固围岩的工程目标，使隧道在开挖过程中的安全得到保障。