查询词典 marginal density

Supposeis two-dimension random variable, is unity density function and marginal density function leave each other, then sufficient and necessary condition for independence of and is: for all real values ,there are .

Theorem 3.3 设是二维连续型随机变量，分别是联合密度函数与边缘密度函数，则相互独立的充要条件是：对任意的实数，都有。

In PS ALT, we obtain the Bayesian estimation of each parameter and marginal posterior density when the prior density of shape parameter is continuous using Laplace method under CE model.

在序加试验下，对于逆幂律模型，给出了参数的Bayes统计分析，并利用Laplace方法解决了分布的形状参数取为连续先验时各参数的Bayes估计和参数后验边际密度。

What the client cannot readily judge is whether the law firm put in excessive hours on the case, and the result, according to persistent and cumulatively persuasive anecdotage, is a tendency for law firms to invest hours in a case beyond the point at which the marginal value of the additional hour is just equal to the marginal cost to the client.

客户对于律师是否在案件上花费了额外的时间并不能做出轻易的判断，经过长期的积攒起来的极具说服力的记录，结果出现了律师事务所花费的时间超出了一个均衡点的趋势，在该点，律师所花费额外时间的边际收益等于客户的边际成本。

Automatic target recognition technology for airborne targeting pod includes sensor, processor and its arithmetic, image division and characteristic extraction technologies etc. FLIR sensor and processing CMOS chip is in common use, image was divided with threshold value division, marginal test, statistic division and marginal information etc.

机载瞄准吊舱自动目标识别技术包括传感器、处理机及其算法、图像分割与特征提取等常用的前视红外传感器和处理芯片，图像分割采用阈值分割、边缘检测、统计学分割和边界信息法等。

In the social reforming time, Youth s marginal personality performances for following characteristic: Behavior pattern marginal, the role cognition confusion, and individuality form bipolarity, value idea unreasonable and so on.

在社会转型时期，青年的边际人格体现出诸如行为模式的边际性、角色认知的困惑性、个性形成的两极性、价值观念的无理性等特征。

Conventionally, a negative dependence structure is not allowed in bivariate poisson models, and it restricts the univariate marginal distributions has to be the same family as the bivariate joint distribution, On the contrary, copulas allow negative dependence structure and marginal distributions and bivariate distributions of different families .

相较之下Copula允许有负相关，且Copula是一个能将双变量的联合分配函数与各自的边际分配连接在一起的函数。

Decision rule chain and distance function of decision rule are proposed, by which the order of decision rules are explained. The group scale's effect on decision quality and the marginal contribution of decision-makers are analyzed. It's pointed out that the increase of the scale will enhance the decision quality with the optimal decision rule applied. Otherwise it is likely to weaken the decision quality. It's proved that for homogeneous group with simple majority rule applied the marginal contribution of decision-maker will decrease while the scale increases or the decisional competencies of other decision-makers increase; 3.We study the group decision-making with a leader in it. It's proved that the existence of the leader impairs the decision quality when the group applies the optimal decision rule.

研究了决策者的决策能力不确定情况下的群体决策，给出了最优决策规则，指出其仍然是广义加权多数规则；提出了决策规则链和决策规则距离函数的概念，利用这些概念解释了群体决策规则的序现象；分析了群体规模对决策质量的影响、决策者决策能力的边际贡献，指出当群体应用最优规则时，群体规模的增大会提高决策质量，否则群体规模的增大可能会削弱决策质量；证明了对于应用简单多数规则的同质群体，随着其规模的增大，决策者决策能力对决策质量的边际贡献会减小；随着其他决策者决策能力的提高，决策者决策能力对决策质量的边际贡献也会减小； 3。

Local recurrences mainly occurred in the nasopharyngeal cavity and the skull base bone. Dosimetric analysis showed 9 cases of in-field failure, 4 cases of marginal failure, and 2 cases of out-field failure. For the 6 cases of marginal and out-field failure, the main reasons of recurrence were low dose area in target volume due to not strictly following the guidelines of defining field limit, or inappropriately estimating the involved regions of lesions.

局部复发的主要部位为鼻咽腔、颅底骨质；局部复发灶和照射野模拟剂量学分析发现野内复发9例，边缘复发4例，野外复发2例。6例边缘和野外复发的患者，经过进一步分析发现复发与未严格遵循常规设野原则或对病灶范围判断失误造成不适当的照射野边界导致靶区出现低剂量区有关。

Author analyses the cost, benefit and efficiency in detail, and comes to three conclusions: first, the aim is to get the minimal cost from the sum of direct cost and erroneous cost in economy; second, the highest point exists when marginal cost crosses marginal revenue; third, the design of the minimal cost in criminal summary procedure system must insist three principles: punctual, brief and justice.

在这一部分中，笔者通过对刑事简易程序进行成本分析、收益分析以及效率分析得出了三个重要的结论：一是从经济学的角度看，刑事简易程序的目的就是要使直接成本和错误成本之和最小化；二是刑事简易程序成本投入的最佳水平是其边际成本与边际收益相交的均衡点；三是为了实现成本的最小化，在设计刑事简易程序制度时应当坚持三个原则——及时原则、精简原则和最低公正原则。

The insufficiency of effective demand will inhibit the process of production in spite of the, fact that the marginal product of labour still exceeds in value the marginal disutility of employment.

尽管事实上劳动的边际产品在价值上仍会大于就业的边际负效用，有效需求不足往往会阻碍生产的进行。

So it was last week in Selma , alabama.

上星期在亚拉巴马州塞尔马市发生的事件也是这样一个转折点。

The group also spearheads various social programs in China.

该组织还带头参与中国的各种社会活动。