查询词典 lower canopy

The results showed that the sex ratio of trees was 1 m 2 f, and the natural T. cuspidata tree was able to sexually reproduce for many years. Male trees had fecundity when the diameter at breast height ranged from 1.5 cm to 92 cm, while female trees had fecundity when the DBH from 9.5 cm to 68.1 cm. Male trees typically flowered at the age about 20 years earlier than female trees. The numbers of microstrobili were 3 times more than that of megastrobili, and only 1/10 megastrobili developed into seed. The numbers of strobili and seed were correlated with DBH, crown diameter and height of trees; however, no significant correlations were observed with other site factors. Numbers of strobili decreased from the upper to lower canopy layers, while the quantity of seed decreased from the middle, upper to lower canopy layers. Seed-setting rate increased from the upper to lower canopy layers. Numbers of strobili and seeds in different directions of the canopy were not uniform, but the differences weren't significant.

结果表明：现实东北红豆杉天然种群中，♀♂性比为1：2；天然东北红豆杉有性生殖持续时间长，雄株胸径在1.5~92cm，雌株胸径在9.5~68.1cm保持生殖状态，雄株较雌株早约20年进入花期；天然东北红豆杉小孢子叶球数量平均为大孢子叶球数量的3倍，大孢子叶球转化为果实的数量不足1/10，孢子叶球数量、结实数量与样株的胸径、冠幅、树高显著相关，与其他立地因子相关不显著；孢子叶球数量在冠层间的分布呈现由上至下的递减规律，而结实数量在冠层间沿中、上、下递减，结实率沿冠层自上而下递增；孢子叶球与结实数量在树冠不同朝向上也呈现出一定的特点，但总体上差异不显著。

This article analysis the effects of canopy structure: cultivated density and canopy thickness, canopy azimuth angle and gradient, canopy height and interline distance, canopy stretch degree, leaf area coefficient, leaf area density; fruit photosynthesis characteristics: leaf optical characteristics required, changes in law of fruit Pn's season and day; the internal and external effects of photosynthesis; light interception and distribution, the paper puts forward some exiting problems and provides direction for future research.

本文通过对影响叶幕结构的因素：栽植密度与叶幕厚度、叶幕方位角和倾斜度、叶幕高度与行间距离、叶幕开张度、叶面积系数、叶面积密度；果树的光合特性：叶片的需光特性、果树净光合速率的季节和日变化规律；影响光合作用的内、外界因子；光能的截留和分配的分析，提出研究中存在的问题，为以后的研究提供方向。

The present invention relates to compounds of formula wherein R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, halogen or lower alkyl substituted by halogen; R is hydrogen or halogen; or R and R are together with the carbon atom to which they are attached -CH=CH-CH=CH-; R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, phenyl optionally substituted by halogen, or is hetaryl, optionally substituted by lower alkyl; R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, phenyloxy, benzyloxy, S-lower alkyl, halogen, CN, lower alkyl substituted by halogen or O-lower alkyl substituted by halogen; R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, aryl is phenyl or naphthyl; n is 1, 2 or 3; m is 1 or 2; and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and tautomeric forms thereof.

本发明涉及式化合物及其可药用的酸加成盐和互变异构形式，其中R 1 是氢、低级烷基、低级烷氧基、卤素或被卤素取代的低级烷基；R是氢或卤素；或R 1 和R与它们连接的碳原子一起是-CH＝CH-CH＝CH-；R 2 是氢、低级烷基、任选被卤素取代的苯基或者是任选被低级烷基取代的杂芳基；R 3 是氢、低级烷基、苯基、苄基、低级链烯基、低级烷氧基、苯氧基、苄氧基、S-低级烷基、卤素、CN、被卤素取代的低级烷基或被卤素取代的O-低级烷基；R 4 是氢或低级烷基，芳基是苯基或萘基；n是1、2或3；m是1或2。

It contains quadratic photosynthetic chamber and columned soil fixing body, wherein soil fixing body of canopy leaf chamber bottom set with knob basal portion being corrugation notch, capable of easy inserting amboceptor in soil to form inclosed canopy leaf chamber, amboceptor upper port inosculation with photosynthetic chamber lower wall round opening to make canopy leaf chamber intracavity forming one integral, photosynthetic chamber upper wall sealed by two side glue and photosynthetic film to ensure photosynthetic chamber steady light permeability, photosynthetic chamber sidewall installed one small size fan controlled by external battery and switch, fan capable of rapid making canopy leaf chamber gaseous reaching equalization.

本发明涉及一种用于测定植物冠层群体光合作用的冠层叶室，由正方形的光合室和圆柱状的土壤固定体两部分结合而成，冠层叶室下部土壤固定体设有把手，基部为波纹状切口，可以很容易地把固定体插入土壤中形成密闭的冠层叶室，固定体上口与光合室底壁的圆形开口吻合，使冠层叶室的内腔形成一个整体；光合室顶壁用双面胶和光合薄膜密封，以保证光合室稳定的透光性能；光合室侧壁内安装一个小型风扇，由装在侧壁外的电池和开关控制，风扇可使冠层叶室内的气体迅速达到平衡。

Xerophyte shrub species could affect interception loss. For the Artemisia ordosica community with an average cover of 34 and the canopy projection of 39 cm×100 cm, the canopy storage capacity is 0.7 mm, and average interception loss is 26.82% of the total annual precipitation. In cont rast, for the Caragana korshinskii community with an average cover of 30 % and the canopy projection of 40.7 cm×100 cm , the canopy storage capacity is 013 mm , and average interception loss is 17 % of the total annual precipitation.

结果表明，不同灌木类型的群落之间对降水截留的影响存在显著差别，对盖度达34%的油蒿群落而言，当单株植物投影面积平均为3900cm2时，其冠层截留容量约为0 7mm，群落截留损失水量平均占年降水量的26 8%；而盖度达30%的柠条群落，当单株植物投影面积平均为4070cm2时，其冠层截留容量约为0 3mm，群落截留损失水量平均占年降水量的17%。

The model incorporated with the aerodynamical urban canopy scheme is better to simulate the wind field on the urban areas.The conclusions are drawn by the comparisons between the simulation results of the building drag scheme and the aerodynamical urban canopy scheme in a real town: the simulated wind speed with the aerodynamical canopy scheme on the town areas is always lower than that on the surrounding rural areas, but that with the other scheme is not so.

分别采用建筑物拖曳法与建筑物动力冠层方案对一个实际小规模城市进行模拟试验，分析表明引入建筑物动力冠层方案可以模拟出小规模城市地区水平风速偏低的现象；还可以模拟出城市地区建筑物动力作用对湍流活动的影响；对湍流动能模拟结果表明比较符合实际分布情形。

The results were as follow: At fine, cloudlet and cloud weather in rainy season,the mean value of CO 2 content varied in a range of 349 to 350ml/m\+3 at 2.8m above the canopy, 346 to 348ml/m\+3 at 0.8m above the canopy, 345 to 349ml/m\+3 at 16m inner the forest and 352 to 357ml/m\+3 at 5m above ground in the period from 9:00 to 18:00.The CO 2 content in rainy season was lower than that in dry season. At the same weather and space-time, CO 2 content in rainy season was higher than that of CO 2 in dry season at both day and night. According to the grads calculation, there were the CO 2 flux from atmosphere to canopy with 0.61×10 -6 and 0.71×10 -6kg/(m 2·s) during day time in dry and rainy seasons respectively.

采用梯度法及CI-301PS CO2系统，实现了海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林近冠层CO 2、微气象因子梯度观测研究，结果表明：雨季晴、晴间少云及多云天气，9：00～18：00CO 2浓度平均值分别在349～350ml/m3(冠上2.8m)、346～348ml/m3(冠上0.8m)、345～349ml/m3(林内16m)、352～357ml/m3(林内5m)，较旱季相应天气分别小14～17.5、10.1～23.7、1 6.4～35.7和18.1～36.1ml/m3；1：00～8：00，则雨季CO2浓度大于旱季；梯度浓度廓变量和实时动力计算反映出，8：00～18：00CO2通量由大气向林冠层，旱、雨季平均CO2通量分别为0.61×10-6kg/(m2·s和0.71×10-6kg/(m 2·s)，19：00通量甚微，20：00～7：00CO2通量则由林冠向大气，平均CO2通量分别为0.36×10-6kg/(m2·s)和0.32×10-6kg/(m2·s)；雨季昼夜大气流向冠层的净CO2通量是相应旱季的1.56倍。

There were no significant differences between the pine forest and the oak forests in terms of leaf area index, canopy coverage, and light intensities above and beneath canopy. The canopy uniformity of the pine forest was significantly lower than that of the oak forest.

l油松林与辽东栎林的叶面积指数、林冠覆盖度、辐射因子和林下光资源没有显著差异，但油松林林冠均匀性显著小於辽东栎林。

The sequence of fungi species on needles in different crown canopies from high to low is higher canopy, lower canopy and middle canopy.

兼性寄生性真菌在老龄针叶上的种类和数量均多于小龄针叶，并为老龄针叶的习居菌，而且随冠层的降低还有增加。

According to the datas from field investigation, lab experiment and slope run-off plot observation, the hydrologic functions of forest canopy, lower shrub, litters and soil layers have been studied. The canopy precipitation interception characteristic of different vegetation types have been analized. The results indicate that the broad-leaf forests and coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests are better than phyllostachys pubescens forests and shrubs in canopy rainfall interception. And the litters water-holding ability of broad-leaf forests and mixed forests are higher than others. And the soil water-holding and infiltrating ablility of broad-leaf is good.

根据野外调查、试验及坡面径流小区的观测数据，研究了库区主要类型植被林冠层、灌草层、枯落物层和土壤层的水文功能，分析了不同降雨条件下不同类型植被的林冠截留特征，指出在林冠截留方面阔叶林、针阔混交林比楠竹林、灌丛的截留能力强；分析了库区主要类型林地枯落物层的水文功能，研究结果表明：阔叶林林地枯落物的持水能力普遍高于针叶林，而混交林枯落物的持水能力要比纯林大；林地土壤层的水文功能剖析表明：阔叶林林地土壤的持水性能较强，其林地土壤的入渗性能较好。

I was just taking her hand, to help her out of a car, and I knew it.

我只是握着她的手，扶她下车，但我知道这一切。

China and South Korea have excoriated Japan over its approval of new school books which they say whitewash the atrocities committed during Japanese occupation, and anti-Japanese protests have been held in Chinese cities. The lingering bitterness over Japan's past imperialism still threatens to mar relations between the big East Asian powers

中国和韩国强烈谴责日本通过新的中学历史教科书，他们认为这一教科书掩盖了日本在其占领期间所犯下的残酷暴行，反日抗议活动在中国数座城市发生，历史上日本帝国主义制造的痛楚无法被忘却，这有可能破坏东亚强国间的关系。