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Learning adaptability is a kind of ability characteristic which means that learners can adjust their own learning motivation and behavior initiatively according to the diversified learning condition inside and outside in order to improve their learning ability, harmonize learning psychology and behavior with diversified learning coition, acquire remarkable learning achievement.

为了提高小学低年级学生学习适应性，了解该阶段学生学习适应性的结构和发展特点，本人采用《学习适应性量表》，选取咸宁市某小学一、二年级132名小学生，通过开放式问卷和访谈调查，综合调查该市小学生的学习适应性状况，着重探讨影响小学生学习适应性的因素。

The results were as flowers:(1) many mathematics-majors students have low degree of professional commitment and learning self-efficacy,and serious disability of learning adaptation,apparently in environment-factor and learning-movivation;(2) there were signifiant different on learning adaptation,learning self-efficacy and academic achievement between male and female;(3)learning adaptation,professional commitment and learning self-efficacy of mathematics-majors students could serve as a predicator of their academic achievement.

为了使数学专业大学生能够较好地掌握数学专业课程的基础知识并培养学生的基本能力，提高专业成绩，首先要了解影响数学专业大学生数学学业成绩的诸多因素，并以此为依据，有的放矢地进行教育教学。许多研究表明，影响学生学业成绩的个体因素，一般分为智力和非智力两大因素。笔者认为，在影响大学生数学学业成绩的非智力因素中，学习适应性、专业承诺和学习自我效能感是主要因素。

Xinjiang is a multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, multi-lingual and multi-cultural ethnic autonomous areas, since ancient times is the intersection of multilingual text, the history of language used, such as the Huns, Jianduoluo language, in Hetian Cypriots, Chinese , Yanqi - Qiuzi language, Turkic language, Sogdian language, Uighur language, medieval Persian, the Tibetan language, Mongolian, Manchu language, and other languages.

新疆是多民族、多语种、多文种和多元文化的民族自治地方，也是自古以来多种语言文字的交汇之地，历史上使用过诸如匈奴语、犍陀罗语、于阗塞语、汉语、焉耆—龟兹语、突厥语、粟特语、回鹘语、中古波斯语、吐蕃语、蒙古语、满语等语言。

The "Basic" part refers to the BASIC (Beginners All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) language,a language used by more programmers than any other language,Visual Basic has evolved from the original BASIC language,Now it contains several hundred statements,functions,and keywords,many of which relate directly to the Windows GUI,Beginners can create useful applications by learning just a few of the keywords,yet the power of the language allows professionals to accomplish anything that can be accomplished using any other Windows programming language.

Basic是指BASIC语言，这种语言的使用比其他任何语言都多。Visual Basic源于原来的Basic语言，现在已经有好几百条语句、函数、关键词，其中好多都是直接与Windows的图形用户界面有关。初学者通过学习少量的关键词就能创建有用的应用程序，而该语言的强大功能可以让专业人员实现任何用其他Windows编程语言所实现的功能。

Structure-Based Approximation Learning Theory: Under the description of manifold and topological architecture of neural field, we have proposed a learning frameworks of neural networks based on global architecture approximation theory borrowed from the concept of topology and manifold to solve the optimal problems of learning in non-nonlinear and non-Euclidean space, and discussed a few basic components of the learning theory, learning mechanism and learning algorithm in the term of structure-based approximation and global structure analysis.

基于结构的逼近学习理论：通过人工神经网络模型神经场的流形结构和拓扑结构描述，我们提出了在非线性和非欧氏空间中基于整体结构逼近的神经场学习理论框架；用对偶流形理论和拓扑概念作为工具，讨论了神经网络的学习理论、学习机理、学习算法和算法的具体实现。

The author suggests some ways to apply the situated learning theory in the elemetary education practice, such as: designing authentic learning activities and curricula ; adopting the learning model of the cognitive appentice ; teaching with scaffolding and coaching ; emphasizing the cooperative or collaborative learning activities; and employing the situated-learning-based multiple computer program teaching and learning.

情境学习理论相当具有启发性与优点，值得国教育界来参考应用，应用的方可为：设计真实化的学习情境与课程、采用认知学徒制教学、进行鹰架协助式教学、重视合作学习与分组教学式教学、以及运用情境式电脑模拟互动多媒体辅助教学等，可供学校教师适时参考应用，如能加以实践相信对於国小教育将有相当贡献与助益。

There have been many researches on computer based learning mode with the development of the information technology, and some learning models are brought up, such as computer assistanted learning, web based self directed learning, web based collaborative learning and blended learning.

基于网络自主学习的探索性研究随着信息科学的发展，以计算机为基础的学习模式和方法国内外研究的很多。

Moreover the thesis analyse specificness of the new system in details:The process of Mathematics learning strategies.The colony of Mathematics learning strategies.The activities of Mathematics learning strategies.The individuality of Mathematics learning strategies.The modernnization of Mathematics learning strategies.The new system of mathematics learning cant apart from the firm theory foundation.

本文在对《标准》的总体目标及学习目标进行分析的基础上，构建了《标准》指导下的新的数学学习策略的体系，并分析了新的数学学习策略所呈现出的新的特点：——数学学习策略的过程性；——数学学习策略的群体性；——数学学习策略的活动性；——数学学习策略的个体性；——数学学习策略的现代化；构建新的数学学习策略体系离不开坚实的理论基础。

Also the convergence of temporal difference method is discussed. The method is put forward that Neural Network is used to implement multiaction Adaptive Heuristic Critic and Q-learning first, and then the five methods that can speed up the reinforcement learning are presented in allusion to slow learning speed of reinforcement learning system, they are quantisation of input space, local approximating neural network used to realize the reinforcement learning system, synthesis reinforcement learning algorithm, action model and prior knowledge.

针对强化学习系统学习速度较慢的问题，提出了提高强化学习速度的5种方法，即输入空间的量化方法、采用局部逼近神经网络实现强化学习系统方法、采用强化学习综合学习算法和利用动作模型及先验知识等方法，通过仿真实验验证了所提出方法的有效性。

Through network, network learning high schooler the learning partner for option more , and have more favourable condition, learning can select own learning content first , seeks the learning who is studying same content , after opposite side agrees knot for learning partner, will meet in which one side problem , is mutual and convenient to be able to discuss mutually, never same angle exchange the view with a problem, help and remind mutually, until problem solves.

网络学习中学生可供选择的学习伙伴更多了，而且具有更多的有利条件，学习者可以先选择自己的学习内容，并通过网络查找正在学习同一内容的学习者，经对方同意结为学习伙伴，当其中一方遇到问题时，双方便可以互相讨论，从不同角度交换同一问题的看法，互相帮助和提醒，直到问题解决。

I hope that this success is just the first in a long series.

我希望这只是成功的开始。

Three dimensional stresses on the interface of tire and soil, tire deflection and soil sinkage are measured.

测试轮胎——沙土界面上的三向应力、轮胎变形和沙土沉陷；建立考虑剪切应力对沙土承载特性产生影响的车轮牵引性能预测模型；分析车轮作用下土壤的纵向稳定性。