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In different periods of social development, the confirmation of knowledge value by the society and the endowing of different value to knowledge of different forms in education affect people's views on and choice of knowledge and the arrangement of curriculum in education.

论文第一章首先从历史的角度，考察教育中知识问题的发展演变，探讨社会发展变化、知识存在形态的变化和知识观的发展演变，对学校教育中知识问题的影响。

As early as Before Chin Dynasty, the Confucianists had developed the learning tradition that virtue and truth were emphasized equally. Their learning principle was self-cultivation in both benevolence and wisdom, i.e. moral inquiry.The learning tradition of ancient West mainly means the learning tradition created by Socrates and developed by Plato and Aristotle. It paid close attention to existence and the intrinsic consistence of knowledge and benevolence.The Enlightenment had dual influence on existentialism meaning of learning. For one thing, it created conditions for the liberation of human. The call for ration, freedom and democracy aroused inquiry spirit in education. For another,"subject-object" dualism looked oh scientific knowledge as rigid object truth, and human mind became "mirror" to reflect the objective reality. So education degenerated into knowledge indoctrinating and skills training. It depressed inquiry spirit and human creative personality.

先秦以来儒家的学习传统是强调真理与德性并重，儒家的学习原则是仁智双修，德性探究；古代西方的学习传统，主要是指由苏格拉底所开创，经柏拉图、亚里士多德继承和发展的关注人的生存、追求知识与&善&的内在一致性的学习传统；启蒙运动一方面为在教育中实现人的解放创造了条件，对理性、自由和民主的呼唤催生了教育中的探究精神，但另一方面，启蒙理性的&主-客体&二元论性格，使得科学知识变成僵化的客观真理，人的心灵变成反映客观实在的&镜子&，教育由此退变为知识灌输和技能训练的过程，压抑了探究精神和人的创造个性。

And the Balanced Scorecard, as an effective strategic corporation performance evaluation tool, is also the pop scientific research area. This article inosculates these two manage theory and method logically. From a new angle of view it reconsiders the client knowledge management, analyzing the probability of using the BSC in client knowledge management, and establishes a multilevel、multi-goal client knowledge Balanced Scorecard model on the base of research above.

平衡计分卡作为一种有效的战略型企业绩效评价工具，也是当前研究的热点之一，本文将这两种管理理念和管理方法有机地融合起来，以新的视角重新审视了客户知识管理，分析了应用平衡计分卡来进行企业客户知识管理的可行性，并在上述理论研究的基础上建立了一个多维度，多目标的客户知识平衡计分卡模型。

Thirdly, we describe the motion patterns of cluster knowledge system, and point out that it has two kinds of movements including exterior knowledge internalizes firms'and clusters', and interior knowledge spills over from firms to cluster.

接着，我们解析了集群知识系统的运动模式，指出知识系统中存在着外部知识内化、内部知识溢出这两种知识活动。

There are significant interplays between culture teaching and types of motivation, which are displayed in five aspects: 1 knowledge of custom versus motivation of information medium, motivation of individual development, and motivation of intrinsic interest respectively; 2 teaching communicative knowledge versus motivation of information medium and motivation of intrinsic interest respectively; 3 interactive teaching versus motivation of information medium, motivation of individual development, and motivation of social responsibility respectively; 4 teaching with modern technology versus motivation of information medium, motivation of individual development, motivation of intrinsic interest and motivation of social responsibility; 5 cultural knowledge related with the contents of the textbook versus motivation of information medium, motivation of individual development, and motivation of intrinsic interest respectively.

四、大学英语教育中文化教学与学习动机存在着显著的相互作用，具体表现在以下五方面，第一，风俗习惯知识分别与信息媒介动机、个人发展动机及内在兴趣动机；第二，交际文化知识教学分别与信息媒介动机、内在兴趣动机；第三，互动教学分别与个人发展动机、信息媒介动机及社会责任动机；第四，现代技术手段教学分别与信息媒介动机、个人发展动机、内在兴趣动机与社会责任动机；第五，与课本内容有关的文化知识分别与信息媒介动机、个人发展动机及内在兴趣动机。

At the new latitude, the new courses aim at the preliminary development of innovative passion, abilities in practice, scientific and human accomplishment and the sense of environment of students. They also aim at the preliminary development of basic knowledge, skills and methods of students which benefit them lifelong. They emphasize to change the actuality of overemphasizing accepting knowledge, learning and practice by rote, and advocate students of the initiatively participation, ready inquire and industrious action. They foster the abilities to collect and process information, to obtain new knowledge, to analyze problems and solve them, and to communicate and cooperate with others.

在新的形式下，新课程的培养目标是要使学生具有初步的创新精神、实践能力、科学和人文素养以及环境意识；具有适应终身学习的基础知识、基本技能和方法……强调要改变课程实施过于强调接受学习、死记硬背、机械训练的现状，倡导学生主动参与、乐于探究、勤于动手，培养学生搜集和处理信息的能力、获取新知识的能力、分析和解决问题的能力以及交流与合作的能力。

The value of knowledge is not only in knowledge itself, but in the actions the knowledge provokes and the influence it makes.

知识经济的时代，徒有知识的资源是不够的，因为知识的价值不仅在知识本身，知识导引出来的行动及其影响更为重要。

The dialectical-materialist theory of knowledge places practice in the primary position, holding that human knowledge can in no way be separated from practice and repudiating all the erroneous theories which deny the importance of practice or separate knowledge from practice.

辩证唯物论的认识论把实践提到第一的地位，认为人的认识一点也不能离开实践，排斥一切否认实践重要性、使认识离开实践的错误理论。

As early as 1988 Dr. Cao gave andrology knowledge lecture every week in "QiaoQiaoHua" Program of Tianjin Rodeos economystation to spread the andrology knowledge and explain the knowledge in two aspects of physical health and mental health, and to help them out of their difficulty.

早在1988年天津广播电台经济台的&悄悄话&栏目就邀请曹大夫每周做男科知识讲座，普及男科知识，从男性朋友的生理健康和心理健康两方面进行讲解，为广大男性朋友排忧解难。

The bidding and evaluating bidding in building plant is a sophisticating system which requires professional knowledge of machines and electron of building plant, economy knowledge of construction cost as well as the knowledge of bidding.

建设工程设备招标评标涉及面很广，既需要机电设备的专业知识，又需要工程造价方面的经济知识，并要掌握政策性很强的招投标知识，是一项十分复杂的系统工程。

"Second Life is remarkably easy to work with, and is very popular,"

"第二次生命是显着容易的工作，并且很受欢迎，"

For example, we usually assume that materials are homogeneous and isotropic and free of internal defects or flaws.

为了得到适合有限元分析的模型，我们必须经过如图2所示的简化步骤。