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During ～2.68-2.45 Ma, the vegetation was dominated by arbores, mainly Pinus, Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia, indicating a cold warm climate in the mountain region. During ～2.45-2.11 Ma, herbs increased rapidly and the climate became dry-cold, indicating the characteristic of the bushveld climate. During 2.11-1.49 Ma, the quantity and species of the herbs reached the culmination and the bush increased accordingly, showing that the climate became more and more arid. During 1.49-1.36 Ma, herbs declined slightly but pteridophytes increased relatively greatly, revealing a dry-cold grassland climate.

约在2.68～2.45Ma期间，植被以乔木为主，主要为松、藜、蒿，属山地寒温气候；约在 2.45～2.11Ma期间，草本植物迅速上升，气候变得干旱寒冷，显示出灌木草原气候特征；在2.11～1.49Ma期间，草本植物数量和种类达到之最，灌木相对增加，也显示气候进一步趋于干旱；在1.49～1.36Ma期间，草本植物有小幅下降，但蕨类植物增加幅度较大，显示了干冷草原气候特征。

These genes are related to many plant functions, indicating that the heterosis was related with many metabolization pathways.1.2 The quantity of discrepant genes showed that the genetic discrepancy was notalways the same with the discrepancy of expressed genes, indicating that small-scale genetic discrepancy maybe result in large-scale genes discrepantly expression; in other way, some genetic discrepancies might not embodied on the discrepant genes in the experiment.1.3 Nine and eight discrepant genes were found respectively in the superior bulkand minor bulk in the dominant level.

1.2 各张芯片差异表达基因数量表明遗传差异与表达谱差异不尽一致，可能较小的遗传差异可以造成表达谱的巨大改变，而有些遗传变异可能没有在表达谱上表现出来。 1.3 从优势集团和负优势集团中分别找到9个和8个具显性表达水平的差异表达基因，研究表明显性表达水平的差异表达基因的聚合与杂种优势的表现没有相关性。

Associated minerals are primary glauberite, halite and terrigenous mud; while calcite is absent or rare. The X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the mud-sized crystalline dolostone has an average CaCO3 mole content of 57.30% and an average degree of order of 0.40, revealing the characteristics of higher calcium content and lower degree of order. It is closely intergrown with glauberite, indicating that the aqueous medium in the depositional environment of mud-sized crystallinedolostone was hypersaline water or dilute brine. The temperature of water in the depositional environment calculated according to the oxygen isotope data averaged 30.5℃ and the minimum homogenization temperature of inclusions in primary glauberite crystals associated with mud-sized crystalline dolomite was 44℃. The two groups of temperature data are close, indicating that the temperature of the water in the paleolake environment during the deposition of mud-sized crystalline dolostone ranged from 30.5℃ to 44℃.

泥晶白云石在阴极发光下呈红色、橙红色，与其伴生的矿物除原生钙芒硝、石盐、陆源泥质外，方解石没有或极少；X衍射分析结果表明，泥晶白云石的CaCO3摩尔含量平均为57.30%，有序度平均为0.40，具高富钙、低有序的特征；与钙芒硝岩的紧密共生，说明泥晶白云岩沉积环境的水介质为高盐度的咸水或淡卤水；根据氧同位素数据计算的沉积环境的水体温度平均为30.5℃，与泥晶白云石伴生的原生钙芒硝晶体中的包裹体均－温度最低值为44℃，这两组温度数据基本接近，表明泥晶白云石沉淀时环境水体的温度大致在30.5-44℃之间。

The results showed that: three major peaks,humuslike fluorescence peak A,proteinlike fluorescence peaks B and C appeared on the threedimensional fluorescence spectroscopy;the DOM fluorescence intensity was well related with DOC and CODMn,indicating that fluorescence dissolved organic matter content can reflect both the organic carbon content and the organic matter content by oxidation in the water in August,during the nonalgae bloom outbreak period,fluorescence intensity had a poor correlation with chlorophyll a,indicating that phytoplankton was not the main source of the fluorescent substances.

结果显示：小江回水区DOM的三维荧光光谱主要表现出3个峰，类腐殖质荧光峰A、类蛋白荧光峰B和C；DOM荧光强度与DOC、CODMn相关性较好，表明荧光溶解有机物质的含量可以较好反映水体中有机碳和可被氧化有机物的含量；在8月份非水华暴发时期荧光强度和叶绿素a相关性较差，表明DOM荧光物质主要不是由浮游植物产生。

A cDNA segment was isolated from M. meretrix larvae. The results of caspase in situ detection in larval developmental stages revealed that there were activated caspase from L1 to L3, indicating caspase is involved in the whole developmental process. The main apoptosis area was found in velum at L3 before metamorphosis, indicating the degradation of velum might be the process of apoptosis. The larvae before metamorphosis were treated by caspase specific inhibitor to analyze the role of caspase in this process. The results indicated that caspase have function metamorphosis.

根据caspase在不同物种中的保守区域设计简并引物，在文蛤幼虫中扩增到cDNA序列片段；检测有活性的caspase在文蛤幼虫各发育时期的分布部位，发现其在L1至L3期幼虫中都有分布，说明整个幼虫形态变化过程中都有caspase的参与；细胞凋亡检测结果显示，幼虫主要发生细胞凋亡的部位在L3期幼虫的面盘，即变态过程中要退化的器官，说明细胞凋亡可能是文蛤幼虫变态过程中面盘退化的主要机制；用caspase特异性抑制剂处理变态前幼虫，发现幼虫变态率下降，初步验证了caspase在文蛤幼虫变态过程中的作用。

The project implemented a systemic investigation to the pupa period of wild silkworm comparatively, which from Shanxi, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou provinces and so on. According to the investigation, the pupa dormant characteristic of Shaanxi wild silkworm was found, and the individual, which pupa period was more than two months was selected. Through the hybrid genetic analysis we found that the characteristics for a long period of pupa was controlled by polygene and genetic recessively and strongly influenced by environmental conditions at the same time. To compare the performance of pupa period of the pupa dormant wild mulberry silkworm, we designed different ecological conditions. The result indicating that the temperature is the main factor in the ecological impact, but the pupa period was extended at the same temperature conditions, indicating that the additive effects of the environmental factors.

本项目实施，系统调查比较了陕西、江苏、四川、重庆、贵州等省市的野桑蚕的蛹期经过，发现了陕西野桑蚕的蛹休眠特性，筛选获得了长达2个月以上的蛹期经过个体；通过杂交遗传分析，发现长蛹期特性表现为隐性遗传，受多基因控制，同时受环境条件的强烈影响作用；通过设计不同生态条件比较蛹休眠性野桑蚕蛹期经过的表现，表明温度是主要的生态影响因子，但相同温度的野外型条件下蛹期经过延长，表明受到环境因素的综合作用。

The next development in musical notation were "heighted neumes", in which neumes were carefully placed at different heights in relation to each other. This allowed the neumes to roughly indicate the size of a given interval as well as the direction. This quickly led to one or two lines, each representing a particular note, being place on the music with all the neumes relating back to them. At first these lines had no particular meaning and instead had a letter placed at the beginning indicating which note was represented. However, slowly the lines indicating middle C, and the F a fifth below, became most common. Having at first been merely scratched on the parchment, the lines now were drawn in two different colorded ink: usually red for F, and yellow or green for C.

音乐记谱法的再一次新发展是heighted neumes，这种记谱法标识出音符之间的音高关系，这样就使得纽姆谱可以粗略并直接地标记出指定音程的增减，这样的标识方法导致了谱上一线或者二线的出现，每条线代表一个特定的音符，这个音符与纽姆谱中所有的音符的音程关系都能被标识出来，最初这些线并没有什么特殊的含义，反而会有一个字母被放在开始的位置表明代表哪个音符，渐渐的，线代表中央C或者比C低五度的F 变得最常用，这些一开始只不过在羊皮纸上刮出的线，开始用两种不同的颜色书写，红色代表F，黄线或者绿线代表C，以上的这些便是我们所知道的音乐记谱法发展的开端。

The data show the following ages: 1894±17 Ma and 1847±59 Ma for garnet pyroxenite of the Tiantangshan Group complex, indicating a Paleoproterozoic age; 1462±28 Ma for the metabasic volcanic rocks of the Yunkai Group complex, indicating the presence of fragments of the Meso- and Neoproterozoic oceanic crust in the Yunkai area; 906±24 Ma for the granitic gneiss intrusion is, which should be the product of the global Grenville collisional orogeny occurring around 1000 Ma BP. In addition, an inherited detrital zircon age of 2702±13 Ma was also obtained, which is the oldest age in the Yunkai area and even in Cathaysia, proving the presence of Neoarchean continental crustal material in Cathaysia.

获得天堂山岩群石榴辉石岩的形成年龄为1894Ma±17Ma和1847Ma±59Ma，表明其时代为古元古代；云开岩群洋中脊型变质基性火山岩的喷发年龄为1462Ma±28Ma，证明该地区存在中元古代的古洋壳残片；获得花岗质片麻岩的侵入年龄为906Ma±24Ma，应为1000Ma前后发生的全球性Grenville期造山作用的产物，并获得2702Ma±13Ma的继承碎屑锆石年龄，这是云开地区乃至华夏古陆目前获得的最古老年龄，证明华夏古陆曾存在新太古代陆壳物质。

Use it whenever you need: when you are listening to music and your device is laying in your pocket, when some software is running on your device and you need to go without aborting the process, when you need to clean the screen without turning your device off or when you just need to take a deep breath.

使用它时，您需要：当你听音乐和你的设备是埋设在口袋里，当一些软件上运行的设备，你需要去没有堕胎的过程，当你需要清洁的画面而不把您的设备关闭或当你只需要深呼吸。

It provides steady lifting with low noise, and is equipped with lifting brackets, anti-fall supporting protection, stopping protection against wire fracture, limiting device for maximum load, control device for maximum lifting height and fixing device for the turning angle of the bracket arm.

升降平稳、噪音低，并设有举升托架、防跌落支承保险、钢索断裂制动保险；最大负荷限定装置和托臂回转角度锁定装置。

Aquatic or marsh-growing fern allies; known to have existed since the Cenozoic; sometimes included in Lycopodiales.

生活于水中或湿地的蕨类；从新生代生存至今；有时归于石松目之中。

The engine was uprated from a 90hp Franklin to a 125hp Lycoming.

改良过的引擎是从90hp到125hp莱康明富兰克林。