查询词典 hereditary effects

According to numerical statement about"poor scholars"in Tang Dynasty, the general"poor scholars"were more than the hereditary scholar class, The cultural disparity desalinated between the hereditary scholar class and scholar-bureaucrats.But the hereditary scholar clas had certain superiority after all,which causing the superiority of the hereditary scholar class in jinshi, the general"poor scholars"enterd the official career through the other ways.

从对两唐书中情况的统计来看，唐代一般寒士在人数上是超过士族寒士的，庶族在文化上的进步，士庶之间的文化差距已经淡化了，但是士族毕竟有着一定的优势，这导致了士族寒士在进士科中的优势，而一般寒士则更多的通过其他科目来进入仕途。

Used the GA to Jingo three point, we have treated 60 cases CS patient, healed 22 cases, obvious effects 21 cases, effects 13 cases, no effects 4 cases, whole effects rate is 93. 33%, GA group's therapeutic effects is significance better than that of controlled group, we measure CS patient's pain by the Shortform McGill Questionnaire, found that GA has a better effects of analgesia than that of contraction, GA can stop pain in three course. After analysis the relationship between age and clinical therapeutic effects, we found that both of the two therapeutic method have a good effects for the young, but a bad effects for the old.

应用电针颈三针为主，配以辨证取穴，经治60例CS患者，痊愈22例，显效21例，有效13例，无效4例，总有效率93.33％，疗效显著优于牵引对照组；应用简化McGill疼痛询问量表，对CS患者疼痛进行客观量化，发现经三个疗程的治疗，电针组对疼痛的改善明显优于对照组，电针组三个疗程对疼痛均有显著改善，第一疗程对疼痛的改善显著优于对照组；经过对两组病例不同年龄段与疗效的关系分析，发现两种疗法均是对年轻者疗效显著，对年老者疗效较差。

The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

Methods Study subjects are all Chinese including 16 infants with sporadic congenital deaf-mutism, 39 patients with autosomal recessive hereditary hearing loss, 30 patients with autosomal dominant hereditary hearing loss and 100 normal adults.

收集中国散发先天性聋哑儿童16例，常染色体隐性遗传性聋39例(39个家系)，10岁前开始听力下降的常染色体显性遗传性聋30例(30个家系)和健康对照组100例。

"To The foot of the two-fold Judge "MOST RESPECTFULLY PRAYETH,"There being no Hereditary Maharaja over this State of Bhutan, and the Deb Rajas being elected from amongst the Lamas, Lopens, Councillors, and the Chiolahs of the different districts, we the undersigned Abbots, Lopons, and the whole body of Lamas, the State Councillors, the Chiolahs of the different districts, with all the subjects, having discussed and unanimously agreed to elect Sir Ugyen Wang-chuk, Trongsa Penlop, the Prime Minister of Bhutan, as Hereditary Maharaja of this State, have installed him, in open Durbar, on the golden throne on this the 13th day of the 11th month of Sa-tel year, corresponding to the 17 December 1907, at Poonakha-phodrang."

"他像一个高级法官一样对脚站着，接受臣民最虔诚的祈祷和祝愿，"没有哪个世袭的首领能得到如此之大的拥戴，旺秋还接见喇嘛中的精神领袖德布法王，接受接见的还有贵族，议事官，以及不同地区的部落首领。大会中寺院领袖，头人，高级喇嘛，政府官员，各地的贵族还在一起就相关的议题进行讨论，并一致拥戴重桑佩罗头人旺秋为不丹国家领导人，还签署了协议。作为不丹的新国王，旺秋住在普那卡颇章王宫里，1907年12月17日开始坐上了金色的宝座。

In Tang legend of He-luo region, the leading character are naming by hereditary, wealthy and prominent , relating with discipline of class family, this manifested that the geographical hereditary scholar class has influence to Tang legend of He-luo region under ritual music culture of He-luo region .

在河洛唐传奇中，其主人公均以士族高门大姓命名，关涉到士族的家法门风，这体现了河洛礼乐文化影响下具有地缘性的士族与河洛唐传奇的密切关系。

The present invention selects and uses hereditary hypertension rat and rat with normal blood pressure to make hybridization, and the rat whose blood pressure is normal and arterial pressure susceptivity reflection sensitivity is less than 0.3 ms/mm Hg can be screened out from filial generation, bred and propagated, and repeatedly bred and propagated, after above 12 generations so as to obtain the invented pure rat with stable hereditary property and spontaneous arterial pressure susceptivity reflection functional defect.

本发明涉及医学实验动物模型技术领域，是培育用于心血管疾病防治研究的一种自发性动脉压力感受性反射功能缺陷的纯种大鼠的方法。本发明选用遗传性高血压大鼠和正常血压大鼠杂交，从子代中筛选出血压正常、动脉压力感受性反射敏感性低于0.3ms/mmHg的大鼠培育繁殖，并反复按此标准在其下一代中筛选、繁殖，经12代以上便得到遗传性稳定的自发性动脉压力感受性反射功能缺陷纯种大鼠。

Analyzed the hereditary variation distribution of amylose content in DH population, estimated hereditary capacity and rate over parent in DH population by the model and formul which were presented by Choo and Reibergs, and examined the number of gene pairs and the pattern of gene interaction which controlled these characters.

应用Choo和Reibergs提出的模型及公式，分析了这6个DH群体AC的分布、测算了遗传力、超亲率，检测了AC的基因对数及基因互作方式。

The great families were officials from generation to generation according to a series of systems such as hereditary selection, hereditary vacancy suppliance, civil service examination, by-promotion due to military accomplishments, some of the major great families made a feature of being military commanders generation after generation, so that they retained relatively steady political status.

依靠世选、荫补、科举、军功补迁等制度，世家大族世代仕宦，一些主要世家大族还具有世代统兵的特点，因而具有较为稳定的政治地位。

Hereditary 遗传的例句: While tallness is evidently a hereditary characteristic, any individual's actual height depends on the interaction between their genes and the environment.

虽然身高是一种明显的遗传特征，但是个体的实际身高则取决于基因和环境的。。。

The two-acre Dunbar Community Garden in Little Rock has served as a model for several years.

几年来，坐落于小石城，占地两英亩的邓巴社区菜园树立了一个标杆。

Jerry points to the jacket hanging in the bathroom. It's ruined, and unwearable What?

杰瑞指着洗手间里挂着的夹克，毁了，不能穿了）什么？