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Appressoria were latent in intercellular cleft and were latent until banana fruit were harvested.The development process of conidia of Colletotrichum musae on fruit was not distinct from foliage and stalk.Two pairs of PCR primers were designed according to the two especial fragment (357bp and 206bp) of Colletotrichum musae. Banana tissue culture seedling genomic DNA, banana anthracnose pathogen genomic DNA, mango anthracnose pathogen genomic DNA, rubber anthracnose pathogen genomic DNA,watermelon anthracnose pathogen genomic DNA, banana crown rot pathogen genomic DNA, stylo anthracnose pathogen genomic DNA, watermelon Fusarium wilt pathogen genomic DNA were extracted using SDS method.

根据香蕉炭疽菌的两个特异片段(分别为357bp和206bp)，设计两对引物：采用SDS法分别提取了香蕉组培苗基因组DNA、香蕉果实炭疽菌弱致病株Z_1基因组DNA、香蕉果实炭疽菌强致病株Z_4基因组DNA、芒果炭疽菌基因组DNA、橡胶炭疽菌基因组DNA、柱花草炭疽菌基因组DNA、西瓜炭疽菌基因组DNA、香蕉冠腐病菌基因组DNA、西瓜枯萎病菌基因组DNA；以上述基因组DNA为模板对特异片段进行PCR验证，证明357bp的片段为Colletotrichum musaes所特有，可以用此片段进行香蕉果实炭疽病的分子检测试验，。

There were only 5 cases negative for SYT-SSX genomic by seminested PCR, which were positive for SYT-SSX mRNA by RT-PCR. Three cases of synovial sarcoma negative for SYT-SSX mRNA were also negative for SYT-SSX genomic DNA. One case of synovial sarcoma was positive for SYT-SSX1 genomic DNA by seminested PCR, which can not be distinguished for SYT-SSX fusion type by RT-PCR.

只有5例SYT-SSX mRNA呈阳性而半巢式PCR SYT-SSX DNA检测呈阴性。3例RT-PCR检测SYT-SSX mRNA呈阴性者半巢式PCR亦为阴性结果。1例RT-PCR方法无法确定融合基因类型的病例SYT-SSX DNA检测为SYT-SSX1型。

A pair of primers producing 614bp amplification fragment were designed based on the sequence of the C\|polyhedrin gene of Bombyx mori CPV,and the expected amplification products were obatined when genomic dsRNAs isolated from purified BmCPV,DsCPV and Lymantria dispar CPV were used as templates.Genomic dsRNAs isolated from Heliothis armigera CPV and DNAs from Lymantria dispar nuclear polyhedrosis virus and DNAs from midgut tissue of healthy Dendrolimus spectabilis larva did not yield any amplification products.The detection limit of purified DsCPV genomic dsRNAs was 1.0pg.

依据家蚕质型多角体病毒质型多角体蛋白的核苷酸序列设计一对引物，从纯化的DsCPV\，BmCPV和舞毒蛾质型多角体病毒的基因组dsRNA可成功地扩增出长614bp的目的片段，从提取的健康松毛虫幼虫肠组织的DNA、舞毒蛾核型多角体病毒基因组核酸、以及棉铃虫质型多角体病毒基因组核酸，未能扩增出目的片段。

Genomic DNA of positive transformed plants; 6, 7: Genomic DNA of negative transformed plants; 9: genomic DNA of untransformed plants; 10: Positive control of 3G1MHpCAMBIA2301; 11: NTC; 12: DL 2000 marker.

2.2 转基因拟南芥的筛选选择培育后获得转基因拟南芥植株。从其叶片中提取微量DNA， PCR鉴定，可扩增出750 bp左右片段（图3），表明3G1MHpCAMBIA2301基因已整合到拟南芥染色体中。

Only one complete corollinae chromosome was detected in Ml4, and was determined corollinae chromosome 9. We have used in situ hybridization of genomic DNA to discrimination the parental chromosomes in Beta Ml 4, suppression of cross-hybridization by blocking DNA was not necessary indicating that the investigated Beta genome contain sufficient species-species DNA enabling the unequivocal determination of genomic composition of the hybrids.In our study , the results of BAC -FISH combined with the analysis of GISH in Beta M14,indicating that present of the corollinae chromosome 9 alone was sufficient to confer apospory in Beta M14 upon celluar and molecular..

BAC克隆16-M11和26-L15携带M14花期特异表达的基因；在M14甜菜对应的有性栽培甜菜染色体上没有出现信号，呈半合子状态；包含的单或低拷贝DNA序列在野生白花甜菜进化过程是共线的；两个BAC克隆部分同源；位于末端重组抑制区，所有这些不同寻常的特性都暗示着：BAC克隆16-M11和26-L15和无融合生殖特性相关，可作为无融合生殖

Love was the maternal donor of the polyploid Elymus; the "Y" genome existed in the StY-genome Elymus may be differentiated from the St genome, i.e., the autopolyploid StSt-genome species probably experienced genomic differentiation within a species after autopolyploidy, leading to the significant genomic change and resulting the StY-genome allotetraploids; the StY genome species distributed in the Central Asia with a high level of genetic diversity radiated to the Western and Eastern Asia, under the environmental selection and other factors, and only a few species spread to the western Asia and most species have remained in the Central and eastern Asia.

3分子证据表明在StY基因组的物种之间有明显的地理分化，中亚可能是StY基因组披碱草属植物的分化中心，并在此基础上，StY基因组的披碱草属植物向东亚和西亚进行了快速的辐射，形成了现代StY基因组物种的分布格局；多次杂交、迁移和分化是StY基因组的披碱草属植物进化的主要动力。(4)拟鹅观草属物种可能是所有披碱草属植物的母本供体。

To evaluate the specificity of the PCR, genomic DNA of Theileria annulata,Babesia bovis,Toxoplasma gondii,Leishmania donovani and standard strain of N. caninum were used as a template in the PCR. For determining the detection limit of amplification procedure, PCR was run on a dilution series of genomic DNA from N. caninum（1.562 5-200 ng/ml）. Brain tissue samples of 32 aborted fetuses were detected by PCR-based assay, and 23 blood samples from mothers were tested by ELISA. Results The amplified DNA fragment （350 bp）had a high identity of 98% with the Nc-5 gene sequence of N.

以环形泰勒虫、牛巴贝斯虫、刚地弓形虫、杜氏利什曼原虫以及犬新孢子虫标准株DNA为模板进行扩增以验证PCR的特异性，采用紫外分光光度计测定犬新孢子虫标准株DNA浓度和纯度，取高纯度的DNA样品用灭菌水稀释，分别取不同量的DNA进行PCR扩增，确定PCR方法的敏感性；利用该方法对32份奶牛流产的胎牛脑组织样品进行检测，同时，对其中23份流产的母牛血样进行ELISA血清学检测，以评价犬新孢子虫PCR方法的检测效果。

The result showed that high quality genomic DNA could be got from both fresh and frozen tissues except scale by common method. Tissue fixed with 70% alcohol and 10% formaldehyde could also extract high quality genomic DNA after effective pretreatment. Noteworthy high quality DNA could be got from scale with fresh and some other fixation methods.

结果表明，除鳞片外，新鲜组织、-20℃冰冻组织以常规方法可提取出较高质量的DNA；保存于70%酒精或10%甲醛溶液中的组织，经预处理，亦可得高质量DNA；新鲜、冰冻、70%酒精或短时间10%甲醛固定的鳞片经适当预处理也可提取出较高质量的DNA。

The mitochondrial genomic sequence in snappers and cobia are similar to other vertebrate mitochondrial genomes with respect to gene order and genomic organization.

线粒体基因组的比对分析表明本文测定的mtDNA基因组的绝大部分区段与GenBank中现有的脊椎动物的序列有较高的同源性。

The foxtail millet genomic sequence, which will be completed soon, shall accelerate the advance of foxtail millet genomic study and improve its academic level.

即将完成的谷子基因组测序，也加速了谷子分子标记和功能基因组研究的进程，提升了研究水平。

Yet, Edith says, there was always money in the bank.

但是Edith说，她的银行户口里面总是有钱。

We have created a series of files that resolve this problem--one for each day of the 40 days of purpose.

我们制作一系列的档案去解决这问题---一个为标竿40天中的每一天。