查询词典 embryo

The three types of reconstructed embryos(reconstructed embryo of goat-rabbit, goat-bovine and goat-goat) were produced respectively by nuclear transfer using goat ear firbroblast cells as donors and rabbit, bovine and goat ooctyes as recipients, and the factors of cytoplast environments influencing cloned embryo development in vitro, cytoplast effect in nuclear transfer, the methods of transferring cloned embryo and the effects of pregnancy factor on implantation of cloned embryo were studied in this experiment, in order to supply basis for solving the difficulty of implantation of inter-species cloned embryo in recipient and improving the efficiency of cloning.

本试验以波尔山羊耳成纤维细胞为供体，分别以牛、羊、兔的卵母细胞为受体进行体细胞核移植，构建了山羊-兔、山羊-牛和山羊-山羊三种重构胚。研究了不同的胞质环境对重构胚体外发育的影响与核移植中的胞质效应，并对异种克隆胚胎采用了去透明带移植和配种后再移植的方法，探讨移植方法和妊娠因子对异种克隆胚胎在受体动物体内发育的影响，旨在为解决异种克隆胚移植不易着床发育的难题和为提高动物克隆效率提供理论依据。

By the way, is the word embryology derived from embryo?

顺便问一声， embryology 这个词是从embryo变化来的吗？

The results were as follows:The embryo-bud length, embryo-shoot length, embryo-shoot number and dry weight of embryo-shoot of maize inbreed line decreased evidently under osmotic stress within germinating period. So the germination date was delayed, the germination rate and viability decreased.

研究结果如下：在萌发期渗透水分胁迫条件下，玉米的胚芽长、胚根长、胚根条数、胚根干重等均有明显的下降，因而发芽时间延迟，发芽率下降。

Megaspore development and abortion of"Pingyi Tiancha"Compar-ing with regular developing megaspore of normal M.baccata,the megasporemother cellof"Pingyi Tiancha"could form mono-nucleus embryo sacby perhaps irregular meiosis,then most of sexual MES depauperatedand degenerated,finally aborted,or only a few further developed.Of asexualembryo sac,one or more large cells at the chalazal end of nucellus developed in-to one to more asexual embryo sac initials.After the competition between sexu-al embryo sacand asexual embryosac,most ovules only had one asexual embryo sac matured.

平邑甜茶大孢子的发育和败育与正常发育的山定子大孢子对比，平邑甜茶大孢子母细胞经减数分裂能形成单核胚囊，之后多数有性胚囊萎缩、退化而败育，只有极少数进一步发育；而无性胚囊则从胚珠合点端1个或多个较大的珠心细脆形成并首先发育为一个或多个无性胚囊原始体；经过有性胚囊和无性胚囊以及无性胚囊和无性胚囊之间的竞争，多数胚珠只有一个无性胚囊成熟。

The results of study show:1. White pulp and red pulp in parenchyma of spleen of embryo can be obviously discerned after 18 days. Periarterial lymphoid sheath and ellipsoid periarterial lymphoid sheath also can be obviously discerned in spleen of 4 days chicken. T, B lymphocytes in appendix basement of embryo emerge after 20 days. It is the initial shape of cecal tonsil. Crypt structure of conjunction of esophago and stomachus glandularis form obviously at 4 days. It is the initial shape of esophago tonsil. The germinal center firstly emerges in these three organs at 14 days. With the increase of day age, the characteristic structure peripheral immune organs gradually develop mature. Spleen achieve mature at 21 days and cecal tonsil at 35 days.2. IgM~+ and IgA~+ cells in spleen of embryo emerge at 15 days. IgG~+ cell, CD3~+ and CD8~+T lymphocytes of embryo emerge at 20 days. CD3~+, CD8~+ and IgM~+ cells in cecal tonsil of embryo emerge at 20 days. However CD4~+, IgG~+ and IgA~+ cells all emerge in 1 day age chicken out of crust. CD3~+, CD4~+, CD8~+, IgM~+ and IgG~+ cells in esophago tonsil of embryo all emerge at 20 days. However IgA~+ cells emerge in 1 day age chicken out of crust.3. The amount of T, B lymphocytes in peripheral immune organs increase follow with the increase of day age, and hold an upgrade tendency. The amount of T, B lymphocytes in spleen achieved stabilization at 21 days, and in tonsil of esophago and appendix at 35 days.

研究结果表明：1、在组织结构方面，脾脏实质内的白髓与红髓在胚胎18日龄后明显可辨，4日龄雏鸡脾脏中形成明显可辨的动脉周围淋巴鞘和椭球周围淋巴鞘；盲肠基部T、B淋巴细胞在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，即初步形成盲肠扁桃体；食管与腺胃结合处在4日龄时形成明显的隐窝结构，即食管扁桃体初步形成；14日龄时，三种器官中首次出现生发中心；随着日龄的增长，外周免疫器官特征结构不断发育成熟，脾脏在21日龄时达到成熟水平，盲肠扁桃体和食管扁桃体在35日龄时达到成熟水平。2、在T、B淋巴细胞出现时间方面，脾脏中IgM~+和IgA~+细胞在胚胎15日龄时开始出现，IgG~+细胞、CD3~+和CD8~+T淋巴细胞在胚胎18日龄时出现，CD4~+细胞在胚胎20日龄时出现；盲肠扁桃体中CD3~+、CD8~+和IgM~+细胞在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，而CD4~+、IgG~+和IgA~+细胞均在雏鸡出壳后1日龄时出现；食管扁桃体中CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、IgM~+和IgG~+细胞均在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，而IgA~+细胞则在雏鸡出壳后1日龄时出现。3、在T、B淋巴细胞数量变化方面，外周免疫器官中T、B淋巴细胞的数量随日龄增长，整体均呈上升趋势。

The embryological studies of strawberry showed that the ovule of strawberry were hemitropous, the ovule had the obvious hypostace structure, the type of its embryo sac was Polygonum, the embryo sac was long and narrow, the type of development of embryo was the Geum type of the Asterad type, the endosperm was Nuclear type and the somatic embryo sacs happened The integral transparency technique combined with the technique of microdissection was used in this experiment The combination was an innovation in the techniques of section.

对草莓胚胎学的研究结果表明：草莓胚珠横生、胚珠具明显的承珠盘结构、胚囊发育为蓼型、胚囊狭长、胚胎发育为紫菀型水杨梅类型、胚乳核型、并有体细胞胚囊的产生。试验中采用了多种制片方法，其中将整体透明技术和显微解剖技术相结合的方法是在制片技术上的一次创新。

By the way, is the word embryo logy derived from embryo ?

顺便问一声，embryology这个词是从embryo变化来的吗？

The reseach on activity changes of SOD, POD and CAT during the somatic embryogenesis of Y35 showed:(1) The activty of SOD was from 52.98 to 133.20 U·g-1·h-1, and remained a rising trend after early single embryo forming, this revealed that SOD might be positively correlated to the differentiation of embryogenic cell and the development of somatic embryo.(2) The activty of POD was from 0.05 to 0.50 U·mg-1·min-1, ascended firstly and desceded later, and was highest in embryogenic callus and lowest in late single embryo , this revealed that POD might be positively correlated to the division and differentiation of proembryo mass, while negatively correlated to the development of PEMⅢto late single embryo.(3) The activty of CAT was from 0.86 to 2.81 U·mg-1·min-1, showed an up-down-up trend, reaching to the highest peak at the time of early embryo formating and decreasing to the lowest at the time of early cotyledonary embryo formating, this revealed that CAT might be positively correlated to the development of early single embryo, while negatively correlated to the formation of middle single embryo and early cotyledonary embryo.The changes in activty of SOD, POD and CAT indicated these three antioxidant enzymes coregulated the differentiation and development of embryogenic cells during Larix somatic embryogenesis.4. Differentially expressed cDNA libraries of the stages of proembryo mass and somatic embryo maturation were successfully constructed by suppression subtractive hybridization.

对Y35体细胞胚胎发生过程中抗氧化酶活性变化的研究显示：(1)SOD活性在52.98~133.20 U·g-1·h-1之间，并在早期单胚形成后一直保持上升的趋势，表明其与胚性细胞的分化及体细胞胚的发育均具呈正相关；(2)POD活性在0.05~0.50 U·mg-1·min-1之间，呈现出先下降后升高的趋势，在胚性愈伤组织中最高，而在后期单胚形成时降至最低，表明其与原胚团的分裂和分化呈正相关，但与PEMⅢ向后期单胚的发育呈负相关；(3)CAT活性在0.86~2.81 U·mg-1·min-1之间，表现出升-降-升的变化趋势，在早期单胚形成时升至最高，在早期子叶胚形成时降至最低，表明其与早期单胚的发育呈正相关，而与中期单胚和早期子叶胚的发育呈负相关。

During remediation experiment, the addition of benzene acid and Tween 80 gave higher CO2 evolution. The result of Microtox assay showed good correlation between aromatic rings of PAHs at low concentration. The Medaka embryo toxicity test had presented that while eggs were exposed to the soil extracts from fluoranthene and pyrene at high concentration (3mg PAHs/g soil), the embryo showed low hatch ratio、bleeding, high abnormal ratio and delayed mature period. The addition of composting materials for remediation study showed strong embryo toxicity to Medaka embryo at all test concentration.

青鱂鱼鱼卵试验部分，受单一与混合PAHs污染土壤之萃取物对青鱂鱼鱼卵孵化影响，当暴露在浓度3 mg PAHs /g soil时，及四环的Fluoranthene与Pyrene之下，皆有高未孵化率、高出血率、高畸形率及孵化天数的延迟现象产生；而在复育实验之土壤萃取物对青鱂鱼鱼卵孵化之影响，以添加酸性界面活性剂与中性界面活性剂实验组其鱼卵之未孵化率皆为零，与Microtox毒性测试结果有良好的关连；加入不同复育添加剂中，则以添加菜肥之实验组，对於青鱂鱼鱼卵孵化之影响为最大。

When cultured on the medium with different auxin , root segments could elongate and branch, and the addition of 1mg/l IBA into the medium was the most suitable for long-term root culture. Calli could be induced from root explants in the presence of 2, 4-D and when transferred onto E medium, they transformed further into embryonic calli which could develop into normal plants through the stages of globular-embryo, heart-shaped embryo, torpedo-shaped embryo, cotyledonary embryo.

培养基中添加生长激素（IAA，IBA，NAA）能够诱导无菌苗根切段的生长和分枝形成；而1mg／l IBA的存在，最适合于根的长期离体培养。2，4-D的存在能够诱导根外植体脱分化形成愈伤组织，愈伤组织转移至E型分化培养基能够转变成胚性愈伤组织，并进一步经球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷形胚、子叶形胚发育成正常植株。

It is also known as one of the most poisonous naturally occurring substances.

它也被称为一个最自然发生的有毒物质。

The greatest stress is found at the location on the cross section where V is the largest.

最大应力出现在横截面上V为最大的地方。