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OBJECTIVE To design and develop a clinical pharmacokinetics and individual drug dosage regimens system CPKDP program for estimating individual pharmacokinetic parameters and optimizing individualizing dosage regimens using routine clinical data of plasma levels. METHODS According to the principle of population pharmacokinetics and Bayes" formula, CPKDP program was written with FOXPRO 2.6 and BORLAND C++ 3.1, and was run on 486 microcomputer with UCDOS 5.0. RESULTS CPKDP program was adapted for drugs with different characteristics of pharmacokinetics, and for single dose or multiple dose administration. Using 1 or 2 measured drug concentrations, individual patient"s pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated based on population-average pharm-acokinetic parameters. CONCLUSION CPKDP program is applied for estimating pharmacokinetic parameters and optimizing drug therapy in individual patients.

目的为利用临床常规监测的血药浓度数据估算病人的个体药动学参数，优化给药方案，设计、研制了临床药动学给药个体化系统CPKDP程序方法依据群体药动学原理及Bayes公式，CPKDP程序用FOXPRO 2.6和BORLAND C++ 3.1开发，在希望汉字系统UCDOS 5.0平台上运行结果CPKDP程序适用于具有不同药动学特征的多种药物，适用于不同给药途径的单剂量或多剂量给药在群体药动学参数的基础上，结合病人个体特征，以1，2个血药浓度作为反馈，即可拟合估算个体药动学参数，优化给药方案结论经初步应用，CPKDP程序是应用Bayes反馈法开展临床个体化给药工作非常实用的工具

The simultaneity use of Xiao Er Chuan Ke Ye and Cang Er Zi San intervening asthma and allergic rhinitis,comparing simply use Xiao Er Chuan Ke Ye,has the predominance in prolonging time of introducing asthma and reducing the frequency of nodding breathe,which indicated that the treatment of allergic rhinitis has great importance in asthma control and lessen the degree of asthma(frequency of rat nodding breath).3,The combination high-dose group has better therapeutic effect than dexamethasone group,all Chuan Ke Ye groups and combination low,medium group in the prevention and control of allergic rhinitis symptoms,reduced airway hyper responsiveness,while in improving breath difficulties combination high-dose group has similar effect with western medicine group,and better effect than all Chuan Ke Ye groups and combination low,medium group.Its efficacy increased with the prolonging of treatment time,but fewer side effects,which makes the application safer and more reliable.4,Xiao Er Chuan Ke Ye combining with Cang Er Zi San can obviously improve the pathological changes in rats with bronchial airway remodeling,reducing the serum TGF-β1,IL-4,ECP levels,increasing the level of serum IFN-γand the imbalance IFN-γ/ IL-4 ratio.

而运用小儿喘咳液合苍耳子散同时干预哮喘与过敏性鼻炎，较之单纯使用小儿喘咳液治疗哮喘，其在延长引喘时间、减少点头呼吸频度等方面有明显的优势，说明过敏性鼻炎的治疗，对于控制哮喘发生，减轻哮喘发作的程度，有着重要的意义。3、大剂量的合方在预防和控制过敏性鼻炎症状、降低哮喘气道高反应性方面疗效较地塞米松对照组、喘咳液各剂量组及合方小、中剂量组更优，而改善呼吸困难方面则与西药组相当，优于喘咳液各剂量组及合方小、中剂量组，且其疗效随着治疗时间的延长而增加，但副作用更少，使用更加安全可靠。4、小儿喘咳液合苍耳子散能明显改善气道重塑大鼠支气管的病理改变，同时降低血清TGF-β1、IL-4、ECP水平，提高血清IFN-γ水平及失衡的IFN-γ/IL-4比值。

In a 2-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 186 people with intermittent allergic rhinitis, use of butterbur at a dose of three standardized tablets daily, or one tablet daily, reduced allergy symptoms as compared to placebo.34 Significantly greater benefits were seen in the higher dose group.

在为期2周的，对186名患有间歇性过敏性鼻炎患者进行安慰剂控制的双盲研究中，分别给患者服用每天3片和每天1片的剂量，将结果与安慰剂试验进行比较，高剂量能明显减轻过敏症状，2个剂量的不同肯定了这种治疗是有效的。

The resultsshowed that CAs and CaMAs could both enhance the intracellularDoxorubcine level and decrease the membrane P-Gp expression of K562/VCRcells,indicating there existed significant difference with the control group(P＜0.01).And the changes of the intracellular Doxorubcine concentrationinduced with CAs and CaMAs had positive dose-responses relationship withCAs and CaMAs concentration in K562/VCR cells(P＜0.01),while thechanges of membrane P-Gp expression had no dose-responses relationshipwith CAs and CaMAs concentration in K562/VCR cells.

结果表明：CAs或CaMAs既能提高K562/VCR细胞内Dox的浓度，又能降低K562/VCR细胞膜P-Gp的表达，与对照组相比，存在着明显差异（P＜0.01）；CAs和CaMAs各浓度间引起的K562/VCR细胞内Dox浓度的变化也存在着明显的差异（P＜0.01），呈正的量效关系；但CAs和CaMAs各浓度间引起的P-Gp表达的变化无明显差异。

Except for 2μmol/L Verapamil,other concentrations ofCAs and CaMAs could decrease mdr1 mRNA expression level of K562/VCRcells,indicating significant difference from those of control group(CAs:P＜0.05;CaMAs:P＜0.01),but the changes of mdr1 mRNA expression levelcaused by CaMAs had negative dose-responses relationship with CaMAsconcentration(P＜0.05),while the changes of mdr1 mRNA expression levelinduced with CAs had no dose-responses relationship with the CAsconcentration.

除〓的Ver外，其它浓度的CAs和CaMAs均可降低K562/VCR细胞mdr1 mRNA表达水平，与对照组相比，存在着明显差异（CAs：P＜0.05；CaMAs：P＜0.01）；并且CaMAs各浓度间引起的mdr1 mRNA表达水平的变化也存在着差异（P＜0.05），呈负的量效关系，而CAs各浓度间引起的mdr1 mRNA表达水平的变化无明显差异。

Methods :Sixty patients with CHF were randomly divided into routine therapy group(control group,n=18),which were administered cardiotonic,diuretic and vascellum expander;low dose atorvastatin group (n=20)and high dose atorvastatin group (n=22),which were supplemented by atorvastatin 10mg/day and 40mg/day separately, besides the routine therapy for 8 weeks.

60例CHF患者分为3组，对照组(n=18)常规予强心、利尿和血管扩张剂治疗，小剂量阿托伐他汀组(n=20)在前者基础上加用阿托伐他汀片(10mg/d)，大剂量阿托伐他汀组(n=22)则在基础治疗上加用阿托伐他汀片(40mg/d)，各治疗8周。

Pae (25-100mg/kg, ip) not only inhibited the swelling of mouse pinnea induced by xylene in a dose-dependant manner, but also suppressed the edema of rat hind paw induced by injection of 1% carrageenin at a higher dose (100 mg/kg, ip).

Pae(25-100mg/kg，ip)可剂量依赖性地抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀，高剂量(100mg/kg，ip)时可抑制角叉菜胶所致的大鼠足跖肿胀。

A new study just published in the International Journal of Cancer examined the activity of chlorophyllin and found that, on a dose-by-dose basis , it was 10 times more potent at causing death of colon cancer cells than hydroxyurea, a chemotherapeutic drug commonly used in cancer treatment.

根据国际癌症杂志的一项对叶绿酸的活性研究，发现同等剂量下，它比常用的化疗药物羟基脲在杀死结肠癌细胞的作用要强10倍。

Results The cytotoxicity of chrysotile asbestos was in a dose and incubation time dependent manner. After 18 h incubation and at the dose of 250 μg/ml, the cell death rate and LDH content were increased significantly.

结果 纤状蛇纹石石棉对肺泡巨噬细胞的毒性存在着剂量-效应关系、时间-效应关系；125 μg/ml培养18 h后，细胞死亡率及LDH增加，500 μg/ml培养5 h后，细胞死亡率、LDH、MDA均明显增加，而SOD活力明显降低。

The expression level of metabolitic enzyme (CYP1A1, CYP1B1) and its correlation with cell differentiation /apoptosis were studied as well. The influence of resveratrol in cell cycle was determined with FCM. Results 1 Resveratrol not only suppresses the growth of medulloblastoma cells in a dose and time related fashion but also induces cell differentiation and apoptosis. Resveratrol promotes differention of UW228-1,-2 cells to forward glia, UW228-3 and Med-3 cells to neuron. A treatment of resveratrol in the concentration of 100μM for 48hrs comit most of cells die of apoptosis. 2 Among the four cell lines Fas and Caspase-3 were constantly expessed, whereas FasL was absent irrespective to the drug treatment. 3 ICC, RT-PCR, Western-blot hybridization and EROD enzymatic activity assay demonstrated that expression of CYP1A1 is different after treatment with resveratrol in four cell lines, up-regulated in three UW228 cell lines in a dose dependent manner but down-regulated in Med-3 cells. Suppressive effect of resveratrol on CYP1B1 expression is the same among four medulloblatoma cell lines. 4 Cell cycle distribution of UW228-3 was greatly changed after treatment.

结果：1、白藜芦醇以时间和剂量依赖性方式抑制髓母细胞瘤细胞生长，同时促进细胞的分化和凋亡：白藜芦醇促使UW228-1、-2靶细胞向神经胶质细胞方向成熟分化，UW228-3、Med-3细胞向神经元细胞方向成熟分化，以100μM作用48小时效果显著；2、四个细胞系均有Fas和Caspase-3表达，但无Fas-L基因表达和蛋白活性产生，因此难以形成Fas相关性死亡通路；3、白藜芦醇处理前后CYP1A1基因的表达在各细胞系略有不同：UW228-1，-2，-3三个细胞系白藜芦醇以剂量相关性方式上调CYP1A1的表达，而Med-3细胞系，白藜芦醇却抑制CYP1A1的表达；四个细胞系在白藜芦醇处理后CYP1B1的表达均受到抑制；4、UW228-3细胞系经白藜芦醇作用后细胞周期有较大改变，表现在G0/G1期在整个细胞周期中所占的比例增加，而其它时期则相应减少。

I was just taking her hand, to help her out of a car, and I knew it.

我只是握着她的手，扶她下车，但我知道这一切。

China and South Korea have excoriated Japan over its approval of new school books which they say whitewash the atrocities committed during Japanese occupation, and anti-Japanese protests have been held in Chinese cities. The lingering bitterness over Japan's past imperialism still threatens to mar relations between the big East Asian powers

中国和韩国强烈谴责日本通过新的中学历史教科书，他们认为这一教科书掩盖了日本在其占领期间所犯下的残酷暴行，反日抗议活动在中国数座城市发生，历史上日本帝国主义制造的痛楚无法被忘却，这有可能破坏东亚强国间的关系。