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By analyzing the influence of hemisphere pits with different dimension and ellipsoid pits with different aspect ratio on stress and strain distribution of lap joint, the possible propagation of fatigue crack was discussed, and the effects of localized pitting corrosion on the structural integrity of lap joints were discussed.

通过分析不同尺寸的半球形蚀坑和不同长短半轴比值的半椭球形蚀孔应力应变分布的影响，探讨搭接件疲劳裂纹的可能扩展方向，讨论局部孔蚀对搭接件结构完整性的影响。

The effects of some physical chemical properties of soil and variety forms of lead on accumulation in Houttuynia cordata Thurib were discussed, the effects of lead on growth and physio-biochemical characteristics were discussed, and the absorption and tolerance of lead in Houttuynia cordata Thunb were studied especially by Filed Survey, Analysis Sampling, Pot Experiment and Hydroponic Experiment.

通过野外调查及采样分析、土培试验和水培试验，本文探讨了土壤理化性质和土壤不同铅形态对鱼腥草吸收累积铅的影响，铅处理对鱼腥草生长及生理生化特性的影响，以及鱼腥草对铅的吸收特性和耐性。

To make a comprehensive view of metapopulation researches, we folly analyze and summarize the present concepts, theories and models of metapopulation in this paper, which primarily includes the dynamical models and simulation approaches of single and competitive metapopulations. Based on the Levin's patch occupant model, the center framework of metapopulation researches, primary principles and mechanisms are discussed. First, Levins rule: the fraction of empty patch will remain constant with habitat destruction as long as metapopulation survives. This rule implies that empty patches have determinant effects on persistence and conservation. Second. Allee effect of metapopulation is incurred by establishing difficulties and dispersal costs, which is important to the studies of reserve area and the minimum available metapopulation size. Third, we analyze the rescue effect that immigrants can reduce the extinction risk of the presented local population. Rescue effect can leads to the improvement of metapopulation sustainability and the decrease of fraction of empty patches. Fourth, the coexistence mechanism of two competing metapopulation is discussed, which suggests that competition-colonization trade off may be prevalent in competing systems. Finally, extinction debt ob tamed from coexistence mechanism is given, which depicts the lost of species richness in the future for the current habitat destruction. After theoretical discussion, we present two popular simulated approaches in metapopulations: probability transition model and stochastic process model.

为了能总观集合种群进展的全局并开展进一步的工作，首先对集合种群的已有概念、理论和模型做了全面的分析和总结；其次对集合种群的发展和概念进行了探讨，以集合种群模型的中心框架：Levins的斑块占据模型为基础，展开对其它原理、效应和机制的探讨；主要包括了Levins原理，即当生境进到破坏时，空斑块比例在集合种群灭绝前保持不变，然后还分析了Allee效应（集合种群的Allee效应主要是由于建群困难和扩散损失造成的）；第三，分析了援救效应：迁人个体可以降低斑块中现有局域种群的灭绝风险，援救效应会增强集合种群的生存力，使空斑块比例下降第四，探讨了两竞争集合种群的共存机制，即竞争－侵占妥协，其共存机制为空间生境中物种共存提供了有力的理论解释。

2Theory of pulse combustion was analyzed and its mechanism were discussed with planewave transferring theory in the thesis.Models of pulse combustor were reviewed and analyzed.Theone-dimensional unsteady nonlinear model of pulse combustor was simplified with lineal method.The phase relation between pulse pressure and combustion heat discharge which may prompt ordamp pulse combustion process were discussed.

对脉动燃烧理论进行了分析探讨，从平面波的传递理论出发，分析了脉动燃烧的机理；在归纳综合现有的脉动燃烧器理论模型的基础上，采用线性化分析方法，对一维非线性脉动燃烧器理论模型进行了简化，并定性分析了脉动压力与燃烧放热之间的相位关系对脉动燃烧过程的激励和阻尼作用。

Firstly, the realizable ways of signal detection and sample、 power circuit and the application of low-consumption model of MSP430 are discussed, by which the required function of current protection and voltage protection can be realized. Secondly, different protection algorithm based on micro-computer are discussed in this article, and from the virtues and defects of Fourier algorithm, an improved algorithm is put forward, and the importance of the improved algorithm is displaced. Thirdly, according to the national standard of GB/T18858 .3-2002, the principle of networklization of intelligence trip relay and how to realize it are mentioned. Lastly, using the current conditions, the test of precision is done. The experimental date present that the system is working well and can realize the real-time function of on-line detection.

首先在硬件设计上，对于信号检测、处理、电源电路、MSP430系列单片机的低功耗方式应用以及人机接口电路等问题提出了实现方法，基本实现了大范围电流、电压信号实时监控等功能；其次，本文还对当前各种微机保护算法进行了介绍，分析了傅立叶算法在实现智能脱扣器保护功能中的优缺点，并针对傅立叶算法中计算偏于复杂的问题对该算法进行了改进，提出了基于FFT的改进算法，通过算法的分析和比较，对改进算法的性能给出了评价；然后结合我国现场总线国家标准GB/T18858.3-2002讨论了DeviceNet现场总线在实现脱扣器网络化的原理，实现方法，论述了通讯接口电路的设计；最后利用现有条件，对装置进行了性能测试，试验数据说明系统工作状态较好，可以满足低压配电网自动化对低压脱扣器的各项要求。

The cutoff conditions of metal-clad waveguides or loss dielectric waveguides are discussed. The effects of metal-cladding on the cutoff condition of graded index waveguides are analyzed at first. The principle of cutoff intensity modulator has discussed in detail.

本文首次提出一种适合于分析含金属覆盖层的均匀和渐变介质波导在截止点附近的光学特性的近似的解析方法，并对金属覆盖层的均匀阶跃介质波导在截止点附近的模传播特性作了全面的分析，所得到的结果同精确的数值解结果相吻合。

We obtained copper sulfides nanomaterials with different phases by a mix-solvothermal route, and discussed the role of the mixed solvents. We also prepared CuS nanoplatelets by a hydrothermal process at mild temperature, and discussed their optical properties and the formation mechanism.

我们利用混合溶剂热法合成了不同矿相的纳米铜硫化合物，并讨论了混合溶剂的作用；采用简单的添加辅助剂的水热法制备了六边形纳米硫化铜，表征了材料的光学性能，并探讨了硫化铜纳米形貌的形成机理。

The qualities, colors, and manifestation styles of stone materials are analyzed. The application of stone materials in paving, roads, elevation, and water scene is mainly discussed. The application of stone materials combined with other materials is also discussed. Detailed implications are illustrated by examples.3.Building materials plays a decisive role in the emotional manifestation in square design.

作为文章的重点，通过对石材的质感、色彩、表现形式等的分析，论文着重讨论了石材在广场中的铺地、道路、构成广场空间的建筑外立面、构筑物、水景中的运用，以及石材与其他材料之间的组配运用；同时，通过实例进行了详尽的说明； 3、材料在城市广场空间的情感表达中起着举足轻重的作用。

The effects of the error of CT and VT, hysteresis and load variation to short-circuit reactances are discussed also. By using error analysis and simulation analysis, this paper discussed the feasibility in engineering.

论文分析了互感器误差在几种情况下对短路电抗测量结果的影响；通过变压器建模，分析了磁滞特性和负载变化量大小对短路电抗测量结果的影响，验证了该方法在工程应用上的可行性。

From the point of practice and dvelopment, how to impove the ability of credit risk management for Yinchuan city commercial bank is discussed surrounding the client raiting and credit extention, measures of credit risk, management strategies of credit risk, conclusions of the paper are listed as the following:Through positive analysis, the current methods of client rating and credit extension is simple and convenient for application, there are four disadvantages in index system of it: non-customer subdivision, non-consideration factors on industrial risks, larger quantitative indicators ratio, non-consideration factors on affiliated enterprise risk, and some corrective measures are put forward to solve it, customer subdivision, factors-added on industrial risks, set stationarity indices ratio in reason, factors-added on affiliated enterprise risk; From the point of development, Based on the technology of Value-at-Risk and CreditMetrics model we discussed the methods of credit risk analysis and measurement and gave the example of how to calculate the VaR value of individual loan and combined loan; This paper probes into the strategies which raise the ability of credit risk management for Yinchuan city commercial bank from five aspects, including strengthen the inner control, improve the technique level of risk management through information technique, solve the problem of non-performing loan, adjust the credit orientation and structure, foster credit culture with its core based on risk control.

从实践和发展的角度出发，围绕客户评级授信、信贷风险测量、信贷风险管理策略三个方面，就如何提高银川市商业银行信贷风险管理水平展开研究，得出以下结论：通过实证分析，银川市商业银行现有的客户评级授信方法具有方法简单、易于推广的优点，但客户评级授信指标体系具有客户分组不细、未考虑行业风险因素、定量指标占比过大、未考虑关联企业风险因素的缺点，应通过细化客户分组，增加行业风险因素指标、合理设定定性指标比重、增加关联企业风险评价指标等措施进行改进；从发展的角度出发，在基于VaR框架和CreditMetrics模型技术的基础上，探讨了银川市商业银行信贷风险分析和度量的方法，给出了采用CreditMetrics模型技术计算单笔贷款、组合贷款VAR值的例子；从五个角度探讨了提高银川市商业银行信贷风险管理能力的策略和手段，包括强化信贷风险内控管理机制、利用信息技术提高信贷风险管理技术水平、综合治理化解不良资产、调整信贷结构、建立以风险控制为核心的信贷文化等对策。

Mr. Putin said there were signs of genocide against the Ossetian people.

普京说，有迹象表明对南奥塞梯人进行了种族清洗。

What I'm trying to say, Tristan is...

特瑞斯坦。我想说的是。