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The effects of phase offset deviation and intensity deviation on measurement, and the cut-off error of sinusoidal phase modulating function in phase shift interferometry are discussed and analysed.

本文将连续相移干涉技术、外同步控制技术和锯齿波相位调制技术，用于改造传统的光波干涉量法，实现了表面轮廓测量，成为一种有效的表面粗糙度评定和分析手段。

Yuan smallest deviation of the position can be controlled in 4~, the location deviation of star-shaped and bridge-shaped in 1~, it is entirely possible to achieve high-precision, and the speed has been very stable.

圆的位置偏差最小可以控制在4μm，星形和桥形的位置偏差在1μm，完全可以达到高精度的要求，而且速度也很稳定。

PatternⅡis a highclustering multifractal pattern, and the fitting extent between the second tangential line and the curve is bad, showing obvious deviation. Some elements present rather obvious deviation, reflecting the superimposition of highcontent element points on Pattern I.

模式Ⅱ是一种具有高丛集的多重分形模式，第二直线段与曲线拟合程度较差，有明显的偏离，它反映了元素的高含量点在模式Ⅰ上的叠加。

Assuming all samples coming from populations with the same standard deviation σ, the accuracy of estimating σ from observations of different parts influences control limits of target control chart. The dissertation points out shortcoming of traditional standard deviation estimates and proposes a unbiased estimate of σ which results in that the variation of the estimate is minimums and the control limits is set more reliably.

假设不同工件的样本标准方差均来自于同一分布，则以不同工件的样本标准方差对母体标准方差的估计的精确性直接影响了目标控制图控制界限计算的可靠性，本文分析了目标控制图传统的两种母体方差估计方法的合理性或稳健性较差的特点，给出了一种对σ无偏估计的优良方法，从而使这一方差估计量〓的散差最小，则依此最小方差的无偏估计量所得到的控制界限更为精确，更为可靠。

Analyzing the proved experiences of four kinds of end-bend models, and assuming a minor deviation, with the application of the aforementioned total pressure coefficient and deviation calculation model on the undesigning operating condition, numerical estimate is done on the characteristics change at designing rotating speed (n＝1. 0) after applying five various kinds of end-bend models.

总结了国内外有过成功经历的4种端弯模式，并且在小偏离假设下，应用上述非设计工况总压损失系数和落后角计算模型，对74A压气机采用5种不同的端弯模式后，在设计换算转速（n=1.0）下的特性改变情况进行了数值预测。

As a result of error distribution\\\'s non-uniqueness, draws out to the standard deviation understanding again, by about standard deviation reflected that the erroneous zero rank value two side the variation targets, the application unimodal distribution fits the error distribution, the goal is: By approaches the rationality which under the enhancement goodness of fit\\\'s premise determines to the error.

从文章的上下文感觉此标准值似乎是人为规定的，并不受实测数据本身分布的影响，不具有客观性。个人认为：研究在实际中实测数据相对于均值的分布更有意义。按照作者的观点，误差的分布都是单峰的，除了正态分布这种对称分布外，作者认为还有不对称的偏峰分布。因此研究这种偏峰分布模型可能更有意义。

Because of large inclination of strata, strong aeolotropism of strata,strong natural deflecting ability and difficultly controlling well deviation by drilling in large inclination structure,traditional deviation control technique heavily influnences mechanical drilling speed and well quality.

大倾角构造由于地层倾角大、地层各向异性强、自然造斜能力强和钻井控制井斜难，传统的防斜打直技术严重影响机械钻速和井身质量。

The given experimental results indicate that the measuring precision of the centroid and the centroidal deviation is no more than 0.1 mm and 0.01 mm respectively, which satisfies the qualification needs for high accuracy measuring the centroid and centroidal deviation of bullets.

给出的试验结果表明，质心测量精度≤0.1 mm，偏心测量精度≤0.01 mm，同时满足弹丸高精度质偏心的测量需求。

The standard deviation of 0.246(n=10),relative standard deviation of 2.56%,and recovery ratio of 93.00%-110.0% were obtained. This result is satisfactory for determination trace Crin environment water samples.

测试结果表明，本方法标准偏差为0.246（n=10），相对标准偏差为2.56%；标准加入回收率为93.00%～110.00%，能满足环境水样中Cr的检测要求。

The anatomic variations included 39 deviation of nasal septum,28 paradoxical curvature of the middle turbinate ,11 pneumatized middle turbinate , 16 uncinate hyperplasia ,9 deviation of uncinate, 5 pneumatized uncinate ,15 large ethmoidal bulla and 9 Haller cell.

所有病例均显示钩突、筛窦漏、半月裂、筛泡及中鼻甲等的结构，鼻中隔偏曲39例，中鼻甲反向弯曲28例、中鼻甲气化11例，钩突肥大16例，钩突明显偏移9例，钩突气化5例，筛泡过度气化15例， Haller 气房6例。

Many will continue to choose to live in duality and in conflict.

许多人将继续选择活在二元对立性和冲突中。

I find that students of the University of Physical Education all wear sportswear at first sight.

我发现：体育大学的学生乍一看，都是穿运动衣，大家都一样