查询词典 developing countries

The equity argument is, of course, inspired by the fact that the threatening consequences of past natural resource development in and by industrialized countries are now being invoked as the reason for preempting many Third World nations from exercising their ' natural development options. Finally, developed countries .night experience difficulties in mustering the requisite political will to offset the potentially huge costs that developing nations are likely to incur by complying with internationally advocated restraints on domestic development strategies. Indeed, nothing short of an unprecedented international redistribution of wealth might be necessary to secure the full co-operation of developing countries in countering the threat of global climate change.

当然，尽管事实是过去国有资源的开发是工业化国家强迫的结果，现在却祈求把保护环境作为一种原因阻止组织第三世界国家开发他们的国有资源引起了这种公平的争执，最后，发达国家可能要担负必须的政治上的困难去弥补潜在的发展中国家由于接受国际上提倡者的抑制民族工业发展战略所带来的巨大花费，的确，除非国际财富作空前的必要的分配去解决由于发展中国家的联合反对而带来的全球气候变化的威胁。

So the bureaucracy still will live, especially in developing countries where public administration has the different circumstance from developed countries. Public administration in developing countries should adopt Webers bureaucracy theory, accepting some valuable NPM advice at the same time.

发展中国家目前正处于理性官僚制不足的状态，应建构如下的行政发展模式：汲取理性官僚制的合理内核，同时有选择地吸纳新公共管理的部分建议，实现发展中国家公共行政的超越——走向后官僚制。

The conclusion is that the present economic level of China is approximately equal to that of the developed countries in 1970s, and the present Chinese FDI outflow is approximately equal to that of the developed countries between 1960s and 1970s, and that the Chinese FDI outflow lags behind its economic development. In its demonstration of the industrial transfer limit theory, the paper puts forward its main viewpoint, namely, FDI is a means of transferring behindhand industry and heightening industrial structure adopted by developed countries, but this type of industrial transfer will not move in a cycle and the limit of the transfer will occur inevitably. In other words, FDI is not a means of improving industrial structure for such big developing countries as China and India. The paper, too, advances the theory of institution advantage, holding that the development of Chinese TNCs will not be explained reasonably unless institution advantage is entered into the OIL paradigm. This theory enriches and complements the theory of TNC.

这种研究在笔者所查阅的资料文献中尚属少见，其基本结论是，中国的经济发展相当于发达国家1970年代的水平，但中国对外的FDI相当于其1960 ~1970年代的水平，相显滞后；本文论证了产业转移极限论，主要观点是，对外进行FDI是发达国家转移落后产业，提升自己产业结构的手段，但这种产业转移不能顺次循环下去，必然会出现转移的极限，即对外直接投资不会是中国、印度等较大的发展中国家提升产业结构的手段；本文还提出了制度优势论的观点，即在OIL范式中，还须增加制度优势，方能对中国的跨国公司成长做出合理的解释，这是对跨国公司理论的一个完善和补充。

The author also presents the following phenomena which must have significant implications on the mental health of children in many countries in Asia . 1 Nuclearization of the family system and alarming increase of divorce, 2 Reduction of the number of children in a family, 3 Rising number of working mothers and women ? s equal right movement, 4 Lack of opportunity for parents to learn how to raise a child, 5 Steep competition and exclusive emphasis on scholastic achievement in school, 6 Marked changes in value orientations from traditional to modern ones, 7 Confusing and often contradictory advices by "experts" and "professionals" on child rearing and child education, 8 New tides of globalization and confounding co-existence of multi-cultures in most countries and emergences of virtual world, IT and BT industry in some advanced countries, resulting in new forms of psychopathology such as 'internet addiction' and extreme social isolation.Implications of these findings in terms of interventions and prevention for mental health children in developing countries are discussed in developmental, ecological and ethological points of view.

作者提出在大多数亚洲国家存在儿童抚养问题危机，主要依据以下观察：①避孕和意外怀孕②逃避和拒绝抚养，虐待儿童，遗弃幼童③不恰当的早期抚养④不恰当的/不够充分的教育，过度保护和过度控制⑤性别角色和态度改变⑥对智力发展拔苗助长以及学习成绩的压力作者还提出了以下几种现象，它们与亚洲国家的儿童精神健康有着密切关联：①家庭体系核心化和令人担忧的离婚率猛增②家庭成员中儿童数量的减少③职业妇女做母亲及妇女解放运动的兴起④父母亲抚养孩子经验不足⑤学校对学习成绩的过分强调合潜在的竞争压力⑥传统价值观在现代化的冲击中发生明显的变化⑦所谓&专家&和&权威人士&对孩子抚养和教育的观点众说纷纭⑧全球化新潮及多种文化共存的问题，虚拟世界的出现，发达国家 IT 、 BT 工业引发新型精神病理现象如&网络成瘾&和极端的社会隔绝根据这些发现，如何干涉和预防发展中国家的儿童精神健康问题，我们将从精神发育、生物学、行为学观点进行阐述。

Different types and levels of development of the countries generally have taken a different political systems, but may also in some ways have the same or similar system; the same type and level of development of the countries generally have the same or similar political systems, but in some areas there may be very different:(1) according to state management form, namely the form of state power points, there is absolute monarchy system of slave society, the nobility republican, democratic republic; State has the absolute monarchy of feudalism, class representative of the monarchy, republican (little city-state has adopted); capitalist countries have constitutional monarchy and democratic republic two types of constitutional monarchy is divided into the dual monarchy such as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and a parliamentary monarchy like the United Kingdom, democratic republic is divided into parliamentary cabinet system, the presidential system and the committee system in three forms; of the socialist countries of the Soviet system of the former Soviet Union, former Yugoslavia, the delegation system, China and Cuba and other countries of the people's congress system and so on.

不同类型和发展程度的国家一般都采取不同的政治制度，但也可能在某方面有相同或相似的体制；同一类型和发展程度的国家一般都有相同或类似的政治制度，但在某些方面也可能有很大差异：（1）按国家管理形式即政权组织形式分，奴隶社会有君主专制制、贵族共和制、民主共和制；封建主义国家有绝对君主制、等级代表君主制、共和制；资本主义国家有君主立宪制和民主共和制两大类型，君主立宪制又分为二元君主制如约旦哈希姆王国和议会制君主制如英国，民主共和制又分为议会内阁制、总统制和委员会制三种形式；社会主义国家有原苏联的苏维埃制，原南斯拉夫的代表团制，中国和古巴等国的人民代表大会制等。

Longtium"" PC 104 motherboard in industrial control field based on ""Longtium"" S1 could run DOS and relevant applications.2. Systemically analyze the architecture of ""Longtium"" Cl microprocessor. The principle, characteristic of instruction system is discussed and its history is introduced. In addition, the microinstruction format of ""Longtium"" Cl microprocessor is defined and the microprogramming controller is designed.3. Present the design scheme of microprogramming developing platform. The microinstruction compiler and emulator are developed. Moreover, the relevant optimization and verification are conducted.4. The microprogramming developing platform is used in the developing of ""Longtium"" Cl. It enhanced the developing efficiency of microprogramming.

以"龙腾"C1为核心的SOC芯片——"龙腾"S1已经采用SMIC 0.18um COMS工艺流片成功，基于"龙腾S1"实现的"龙腾"PC104工控系统主机板能正确运行DOS操作系统和应用程序； 2、系统分析了"龙腾"C1微处理器体系结构，研究了指令系统的原理、特点以及指令系统的发展，确定了"龙腾"C1微处理器的微指令格式，并完成了微程序控制器设计； 3、提出了微程序开发平台的设计方案，开发了微指令汇编器和微指令仿真器，并进行了相应优化及验证； 4、将该微程序开发平台应用在"龙腾"C1微处理器的设计中，提高了微程序开发效率。

In this paper, we use the theory of modern quality management, analyze the process of forming the quality of products from the process of developing products; study the system of management and developing program that guarantee the developing quality of products combining with the situation of new product developing in Zhejiang Chint Auto Parts Industries Co., Ltd.

本论文运用现代质量管理理论，从产品开发过程入手，对产品质量的形成过程进行了分析。结合浙江正泰汽车零部件有限公司新产品开发的实际情况，研究了保证产品开发质量的管理制度和开发程序。

Results (1)In the group (109 eyes) with preoperative intraocular pressure≤21mmHg,sixty-four eyes were treated with trabeculectomy,and 31 eyes with slerectoiridectomy of which there were 9(14.1%) and 7(20.6%) eyes had undergone PAC respectively.There was no PAC in 11 eyes treated with iridencleisis;(2)In the group(175 eyes)with PIOP from 22 to 35 mmHg,there were 26 eyes(25.2%) and 15 eyes(32.6%) developing PAC of 103 eyes treated with trabeculectomy,and 46 eyes with slerectoiridectomy respectively,of 26 eyes with iridencleisis,there were 5 eyes(19.2%) developing PAC;(3)In the group(106 eyes)with PIOP＞35mmHg,there were 13 eyes(31%) developing PAC of 23 eyes with trabeculectomy,5 eyes(21.7%) developing PAC of 23 eyes with slerectoiridectomy.

结果 (1)术前眼压≤21mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)者109只眼，小梁切除术64只眼，术后浅前房9只眼，占14.1%，巩膜咬切术31只眼，术后浅前房7只眼，占20.6%，虹膜嵌顿术11只眼，术后无浅前房发生；(2)术前眼压22-35mmHg者175只眼，小梁切除术103只眼，术后浅前房26只眼，占25.2%，巩膜咬切术46只眼，术后浅前房15只眼，占32.6%，虹膜嵌顿术26只眼，术后浅前房5只眼，占19.2%；(3)术前眼压＞35mmHg者106只眼，小梁切除术42只眼，术后浅前房13只眼，占31%，巩膜咬切术23只眼，术后浅前房5只眼，占21.7%，虹膜嵌顿术41只眼，术后浅前房5只眼，占12.2%。

To conquer limitations of existing techniques for developing loop invariants, professor Xue Jinyun, who is imbursed under two National Nature Science Foundation of China, systematically research the theory and method of loop invariants and advanced the new definition and developing strategies for loop invariants. Based on above, he presented efficiency method of developing algorithmic program, Partition-and-Recur Approach, and its developing environment which bring into important play in formal method.

为了克服已有循环不变式开发技术存在的局限性，薛锦云教授在两个国家自然科学基金课题&若干新的算法程序设计和证明方法研究&和&实用的软件形式化方法及其开发工具的研究&的资助下，对循环不变式的理论和方法进行了系统的研究，提出了关于循环不变式的新定义和新的开发策略，并在此基础上形成了一种实用的算法程序形式化开发方法及其开发环境，在复杂算法程序及软件形式化开发中发挥了重要作用。

On the basis of formal chapters' analysis, learning from foreign countries' successful experience in circular economy's legislation, considering our own legislation practice in developing circular economy, the main framework of our country's circular economy's legal institutions' construction is put forward as follows, the guidance thought of the circular economy's legal institutions' construction is the concept of scientific development and the thought of sustainable development; the 3R principle, the principle of following the ecological rules, the principle of giving priority to precautions, the principle of the contaminator paying are the basic principles of the circular economy's legal institutions' construction; the field of the natural resources' exploitation and utilization, the field of manufacturing industry and service trades, the field of disposing waste and changing waste into resources, the field of the exploiting and utilizing energy, and the field of social consumption are the key fields of the circular economy's legal institution's construction; the circular economy's legal system is constructed from four levels, the basic laws, the principle laws, the comprehensive laws and the special laws; The following circular economy's legal institutions are made, the institution of circular economy's planning, the institution of green economy's accounting, the institution of scientific and technological information's titles, the institution of economic encouragement, the institution of market allowance, the institution of listing the names' who set good example in developing circular economy, the institution of forcing those enterprises with heavy pollution into developing circular economy, the institution of green consumption, the institution of the public's participation, the institution of sharing the responsibility, and the institution of evaluating the circular economy's results.

该部分以前面几章分析的循环经济立法理念为基础，借鉴国外循环经济立法的成功经验，结合我国的循环经济立法实际，提出了我国循环经济法制建设的基本框架是：以科学发展观和可持续发展思想为循环经济法制建设的指导思想；以"3R"原则、遵循生态规律原则、预防优先原则和污染者付费原则为循环经济法制建设的基本原则；以自然资源开发利用领域、加工制造产业与服务产业领域、废弃物处理与资源化领域、能源开发利用领域和社会消费领域为循环经济法制建设的重点领域；从根本法层面、基本法层面、综合法层面和专门法层面来构建循环经济法律体系；构建包括循环经济规划制度、绿色经济核算制度、科技信息支持制度、经济激励制度、市场准入制度、循环名录与循环示范制度、重点污染企业强制实施循环经济制度、绿色消费制度、公众参与制度、责任分担制度和循环经济绩效评价制度在内的循环经济法律制度。

A backer of an Afghan law that critics say legalizes marital rape has rejected the international outcry as foreign meddling.

饱受批评的一项法律的拥护者说合法化的婚内暴力不会受国际舆论的干涉。

Years ago, a ancient Egyptian fleet went to the Land of punt for seeking a kind of flavor named "myrrh", and aromatic plants which has dense exotic style for the queen Hatshepsut.

3500年前的一个古埃及的舰队到&彭特之地&寻找一种叫没药的香料。