查询词典 constraints

The studyshows that Chetaev's model for mechanicalsystems with non-holonomic con-straints can be reduced to three essential factors:(1)a kind of direct sum ofjet bundles according to the constraints,(2)D′Alembert's principle,(3)pos-tulate of ideal constraints.The first among the three factors only has geomet-ric significance and the second is a fundamental physics principle independentof any constraints.

研究表明，非完整约束力学系统的Chetaev模型归结为三个要素：(1)射丛按约束的直和分解；(2)D′Alembert原理；(3)理想约束条件，其中(1)仅具有几何意义，(2)为与约束无关的基本物理原理，而(3)是对约束力学系统的限制条件。

Some constraints are selected, and omitted according to the most-obtuse-angle principle. The smaller problem is solved with the simplex method. Then the omitted constraints are added to restore the original problem. If all the constraints are satisfied, then a basic optimal solution is reached. In the other case, the dual simplex method is used to obtain the basic optimal solution.

该算法依据最钝角原理略去部分约束得到一个规模较小的子问题，用原始单纯形算法解之；再添加所略去的约束恢复原问题，若此时全部约束条件均满足则已获得一个基本最优解，否则用对偶单纯形算法继续求解。

A novel method for design of controller enforcing the constraints is presented. First the constraints involving the marking and Parikh vectors are transformed into the constraints involving Parikh vector only using Petri net state equality, and then the controller is constructed based on the viewpoint that a place can be seen as a linear inequality constraint on the Parikh vector.

该方法首先利用Petri网的状态方程把关于标识向量和Parikh向量的不等式约束转变成关于Parikh向量的不等式约束，然后基于Petri网库所是关于Parikh向量的不等式约束的观点构造控制器。

By redefining multiplier associated with inequality constraint as a positive definite function of the originally-defined multiplier, it is no longer necessary to convert inequality constraints into equality constraints by slack variables in order to reuse the method dedicated to equality constraints for constructing Lagrange neural networks.

若重新定义与不等式约束相关的乘子为正定函数，则在构造Lagrange神经网络时，可直接使用处理等式约束的方法处理不等式约束，不需再用松驰变量将不等式约束转换为等式约束，减小了网络实现的复杂程度。

Based on the method of multi-objective fuzzy optimization and the overhead traveling crane design, a mathematical model of fuzzy optimization for main box beam section is established. A fuzzy goal anthology is constructed. The fuzziness of multi-objective function and constraints is defined. The transformation of the fuzzy constraints set to normal constraints set in real number domain is realized by applying optimal level cut set method. The optimal solution and optimal constraint value of sub-objective function in the feasible field are found using the genetic algorithms.

应用多目标模糊优化方法，以工程设计中桥式起重机箱形主梁设计为实例，建立了桥式起重机箱形主梁多目标模糊优化设计的数学模型，构造了模糊目标集，确定了多目标函数的模糊性和约束的模糊性，并应用最优水平截集法实现了模糊约束到实数论域上的集合转换，从而用遗传算法寻求到子目标函数在可行域空间的最优解和约束最优值。

The constraints with different linearity in this model are dealt with by an approach that combines successive linearization with piecewise linearization, and in the solving process the security and stability constraints of transmission lines are directly considered to avoid the low-efficiency of both model and solution due to the passive calibration and modifying working constraints in Newton method.

对模型中线性度不同的约束，采用逐次线性化和逐段线性化相结合的方法处理。在求解过程中直接考虑线路安全稳定约束，避免了牛顿法被动校验和变更约束带来的模型和求解的低效性。

Our idea of easy dimensional driving includes mainiy:(1) a driving mechanism of construction constraints and dimensional constraints,(2) automatic graphic recognition of constraints,(3) a bothway cross dimensional linked list for storing dimension sparse matrices and for recalling them,(4) a reasonable method of constraint consistence checking,(5) the linking of movement of 2D views,(6) a method for creating a sequence graphic library.

随着二维与三维设计技术的交叉发展，目前的参数化设计主要有两个分支：①面向纯二维的图形参数化，其特点是二维图形为多拓扑环的复杂图形；②面向三维的基于CSG特征造型的参数化，用于拉伸扫描的单拓扑环的二维图形参数化及空间任意曲面的参数化是其特点。

Then we study investors\' behavour in China by using the questionnaire method from three dimensions—investor\'s knowledge,psychology and behavior and from seven affecting factors—motive,securities investment Knowledge,awareness of risk,investment philosophy,trading,investment decision-making rule and investment performance.Aiming at these investment characteristics we examines the conservative bias and the reasons for the deviation from mental deviation from the emotional,social psychology and cognitive psychology deviation and from over-confidence,loss aversion,conservatism aversion, excessive fear of selective bias,selecting aversion,gambling psychology,self-attribution,the dependence on the policy bias and rapid money-making psychology.And we analyze investors\' several restrictive conditions during investment decision-making including information and knowledge constraints,psychological constraints,funds constraints and external conditions.

本文从全球股灾的教训及近年来我国证券投资者生存现状出发，从理论和实践两个角度论述了加强投资者教育以提高我国投资者在投资过程中的自我保护能力的重要性；采用调查问卷的方法，从投资者的知识、心理、行为三个构面，从入市动机、证券投资知识、风险意识、投资理念、交易行为、投资决策依据及投资业绩等七个影响因素来考察了我国投资者的投资行为；针对这些投资者的行为特征，从情感心理偏差、社会心理偏差和认知心理偏差三个构面，从过度自信、损失厌恶、保守性偏差、过度恐惧、选择性偏差、赌博心理与自我归因、对政策的依赖性偏差以及暴富心理等影响因素出发对我国投资者的认知偏差，以及产生这些偏差的原因进行了分析，探讨了投资者在投资决策时的几个约束条件，即信息约束、知识约束、心理约束、资金约束以及外部条件约束。

Extensive research has been carried out under the hypothesises such as fixed number of constraints in one dynamic system, nondegenerative Jacobian of constraints, ideal and bilateral constraints. If one or more of these hypothesises are violated, inconsistency in state space may appear.

然而，目前有待发展的经典力学理论中有一些假设性的前提，例如约束的数目保持不变，约束的Jacobian非退化，约束是理想的，同时对含单边约束的系统研究甚少。

So this thesis aims at achieving satisfactorysubtitling translation. By analyzing different rewritings in English-Chinese subtitling, this thesis focuses on the English-Chinese film subtitling translation constraints ,including formal constraints and textual constraints (cultural differences, temporal differences andspecial set of language use ) which influence film subtitling.

为了追求完美的字幕翻译，本文主要综合国内外著名电影字幕翻译学者的一些翻译理论，通过分析电影中英语英译汉字幕举例，针对英语电影字幕翻译中经常遇到的约束因素，例如技术约束，其中包括：时间约束和空间约束；语境约束，其中包括：文化差异约束，时代约束和个性语言等。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。