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The optimum conditions were obtained as follows: the weight ratio of fatty acids and 85%acetic acid is 1:4, ozonolysis temperature is 20-25℃, manganese/copper acetate as catalyst, and the amount of catalyst is 0.15% of fatty acids, oxidation decomposition temperature and oxidation decomposition time are 90-95℃ and 4 hours respectively. the yields of azelaic acid and pelargonic acid are 57.4% and 51.6% respectively.

以菜油酸为原料、85%醋酸水溶液为溶剂，经臭氧化、氧化分解、重结晶等过程制备壬二酸和十三烷二酸的最佳反应条件为：m：m(85%醋酸)=1：4，臭氧化温度20-25℃；氧化分解温度80-85℃，催化剂醋酸锰/醋酸铜用量为原料菜油酸质量的0.12%，氧化分解时间3h，重结晶溶剂壬酸的用量为5倍质量的氧化分解产物时，十三烷二酸的收率为58.3%，壬二酸的收率为57.2%。

Perchloric acid as co-catalyst plays a key role in relation to the catalyst activity.

讨论了反应温度、氢气压力、Pd/C催化剂用量对反应的影响，以及高氯酸作为助催化剂在此反应中起的重要作用。

Using zeolite NaY and ZSM-5 as solid support, the zeolite-encapsulated vanadium picolinic complexes catalyst are synthesized and examined as "ship-in-a-bottle"catalyst.

本文进行了将钒氧吡啶酸络合物负载于NaY分子筛和ZSM-5分子筛中合成&ship-in-a-bottle&型非均相络合物催化剂的研究工作。

Pillared interlayered clay catalyst has been prepared by titration, over which DPC yield is 9.08%. Influence of OH7Pb2+, temperature of pillaring process and calcination temperature on the activity of catalyst has been studied.

用滴定法制备了层柱型催化剂，考察了OH~-/Pb~(2+)值、插层反应温度及焙烧温度对催化剂性能的影响，优化了催化剂制备条件。

Pillared montmorillonite, as a representative of Sandwich like pillared interlayered clays ,caught many scientist"s attention not only because of its special structure of two-dimensional sheets but also its excellent activity of catalysis and adsorption. It is well documented that the method to prepare PILM, ion-exchanging, needed a long periods and was affected by many factors, and that the product had low thermal stability especially hydro-thermal stability which was the primary obstruction of its using in large-scale production. At the same time, PILM was well documented prepared with Na-montmorillonite, while there were a few documents about PILM prepared with Ca-montmorillonite. The large cost of remodel of Ca-montmorillonite to Na-montmorillonite was another obstacle of the application of PILM, while Ca-montmorillonite was widely distributed in nature, as a result, to prepare PILM with Ca-montmorillonite has practical significance. What"s more, PILM was mainly studied as a catalyst in oil refining process till now, but rarely documented in other catalysis reactions, especially in coal liquification filed which also needed high activity catalyst.

以柱撑蒙脱石为代表的具有&三明治&结构的柱撑粘土矿物因其特殊的二维孔道结构和优良的催化和吸附性能近年来成为国内外广泛关注和研究的热点，但是目前国内外大量报道的PILM制备大多采用离子交换法，生产周期很长，影响因素很多，并且产物热稳定性不够高，特别是水热稳定性较差，这是其不能在实际中大规模生产和应用的主要障碍，因此制备一种高稳定性的PILM意义非常；文献中大量报道的都是钠基蒙脱石合成的柱撑粘土矿物，传统的离子交换法必须将钙基蒙脱石钠化改型，其成本相当高，而自然界中大量存在的却是钙基蒙脱石，直接用钙基蒙脱石合成柱撑粘土矿物有很现实的意义，但目前这方面的报道却很少见；另外，迄今为止，PILM作为催化剂的研究领域主要在石油的炼制中应用，而在煤炭的液化中却鲜有报道，如果能在煤炭转化领域应用这一成果，其影响也将是相当大的。

Pillared montmorillonite, as a representative of Sandwich like pillared interlayered clays ,caught many scientist's attention not only because of its special structure of two-dimensional sheets but also its excellent activity of catalysis and adsorption. It is well documented that the method to prepare PILM, ion-exchanging, needed a long periods and was affected by many factors, and that the product had low thermal stability especially hydro-thermal stability which was the primary obstruction of its using in large-scale production. At the same time, PILM was well documented prepared with Na-montmorillonite, while there were a few documents about PILM prepared with Ca-montmorillonite. The large cost of remodel of Ca-montmorillonite to Na-montmorillonite was another obstacle of the application of PILM, while Ca-montmorillonite was widely distributed in nature, as a result, to prepare PILM with Ca-montmorillonite has practical significance. What's more, PILM was mainly studied as a catalyst in oil refinin g process till now, but rarely documented in other catalysis reactions, especially in coal liquification filed which also needed high activity catalyst.

以柱撑蒙脱石为代表的具有&三明治&结构的柱撑粘土矿物因其特殊的二维孔道结构和优良的催化和吸附性能近年来成为国内外广泛关注和研究的热点，但是目前国内外大量报道的PILM制备大多采用离子交换法，生产周期很长，影响因素很多，并且产物热稳定性不够高，特别是水热稳定性较差，这是其不能在实际中大规模生产和应用的主要障碍，因此制备一种高稳定性的PILM意义非常；文献中大量报道的都是钠基蒙脱石合成的柱撑粘土矿物，传统的离子交换法必须将钙基蒙脱石钠化改型，其成本相当高，而自然界中大量存在的却是钙基蒙脱石，直接用钙基蒙脱石合成柱撑粘土矿物有很现实的意义，但目前这方面的报道却很少见；另外，迄今为止，PILM作为催化剂的研究领域主要在石油的炼制中应用，而在煤炭的液化中却鲜有报道，如果能在煤炭转化领域应用这一成果，其影响也将是相当大的。

The trifunctional polyhydric alcohol is more, the elasticity coefficient and surface hardness are higher. 2. Catalyst. The appropriate dosage of catalyst is determinated. To N-330, it is 0.15%; to N-220, it is 0.35%. 3. Filler. The more the solid filler is, the higher the properties of polyurethane elastomer are. The effect of liquid filler is more perplexing.

结果表明：三官能度聚醚含量增加，试样的弹性系数和表面硬度随之增大；固体填料含量增加，试样的弹性系数和表面硬度随之增大，液体填料的影响较为复杂；催化剂辛酸亚锡的合适用量为0.15%(N-330)或0.35%(N-220)。

The best catalytic activity and selectivity could be found in the prepared catalyst system with the optimum combination of the ionic liquid, nano-Pd, and support. The stabilizer is also used to prevent the aggregation of nano-Pd particles. One of the advantages of this approach is that the prereduction of catalyst is not required.

其中离子液体、奈米钯金属及担体皆有其功能，三者之组合才能达到良好之效果，同时，在合成奈米钯过程中，必须使用稳定剂以避免奈米钯金属之聚集此触媒系统之另一优点为不需先加氢还原处理，耐水性强且可重覆使用，是一种颇具潜力之选择性氢化触媒。

The psychrophilic enzymes is a kind that has high catalyst activety under the condition of low temperature and it is also a very important situation for the low-temperature catalyst to adapt to the low-temperature condition.

嗜冷酶是一类在低温条件下具有高催化活性的酶，也是低温微生物适应低温环境生存的重要条件。

The resin is prepared by swelling chlorine balls in a solvent such as nitrobenzene; adding catalyst to obtain polystyrene-divinylbenzene adsorptive resin; removing reaction mother solution; washing to remove residual solvent and catalyst; swelling; adding pyrane reagent to further react with chloromethyl residual on inner and outer surfaces of the resin to obtain the pyranyl modified adsorptive resin with the composite function.

该树脂的制备方法：将氯球溶胀于硝基苯等溶剂中，加入催化剂，得到聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯吸附树脂；抽尽反应母液，洗去残留的溶剂和催化剂；溶胀，加入吡喃试剂与树脂内外表面残留氯甲基进一步反应，可制得吡喃基修饰复合功能吸附树脂。

There had been a moment during the breakfast meeting, though, after the backslapping and the small talk and when all of us were seated, with Vice President Cheney eating his eggs Benedict impassively and Karl Rove at the far end of the table discreetly checking his BlackBerry, that I witnessed a different side of the man.

那次早餐会期间，在表示过关心和寒暄以后，我们所有人坐了下来，我注意观察了一下，副总统切尼面无表情地吃着班尼迪克蛋（Eggs benedict，源自美国，以英式松饼、火腿、水煮蛋以及荷兰酱组合而成），卡尔。罗夫在餐桌的远端谨慎地经常查看他的黑莓手机，我目睹了他所不为人知的一面。

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