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But the strength of the cartridge case after ironing drawing cannot be accurately calculated by this formula,because the result of calculation is lower than that reached in practice.

用常规的幂强化公式计算药筒在引伸后的强度时，数值偏低较多，原因是该公式未考虑引伸凹模锥角对强化的影响。

The main jobs of the paper are as follows, Multi-scale decomposition and reconstruction of wavelet transform is utilized to filter the noise of negative-pressure-wave, which is brought by leakage. With the capacity to detect the signal singularity quickly and accurately, wavelet transform was used to catch the break point of pressure signal. Accordingly, the work improved the location accuracy.

主要研究工作有：利用小波变换的多分辨率分解和重构技术，对采集到的管道泄漏产生的负压波信号进行消噪处理，并对几个影响消噪质量的关键因素及其选取方法进行了分析；再利用小波变换技术对信号奇异点的快速、准确的识别能力，对经消噪后的负压波信号进行奇异点捕捉，从而实现更精确的单条燃气管道泄漏定位。

Because the temperature along the pipeline is not a constant, it changes the velocity of the negative-pressure-wave; the Romberg algorithm of numeric integral and the searching for algorithm are emloyed to locate the leakage.Multi-scale decomposition and reconstruction of wavelet transform is applied to filter the noise of negative-pressure-wave, which was brought by leakage. With the capacity to detect the signal singularity fast and accurately, wavelet transform was used to catch the break point of pressure signal. The work improved the accuracy of Δt in location formula, and the location accuracy is improved.

利用小波变换的多分辨分析和重构技术，对采集到的管道发生泄漏时产生的负压波信号进行了消噪处理；并利用小波变换技术对信号奇异点快速、准确的识别能力，对经过消噪处理后的负压波信号进行了奇异点捕捉，准确确定了定位公式中上、下游站点采集到的负压波奇异点的时间差△t，从而提高了定位的精度。

At the same time, combining with the actual condition of delivery pipeline of our country and some prevalent leak detection and location methods, this paper raised a method, which is based on wavelet analysis and negative- pressure-wave to detect and locate the leakage. Jobs in the paper are as follows:As affected by gas density, pressure, specific heat and pipe material, the velocity of negative-pressure-wave improved depending on the energy conservation. At one time, taking the affection of velocity of gas flow, the location formula was modified in some degree.When locating the leaks with location formula, the iterative approach algorithm was adopted as a new method to increase the location accuracy level of system.Multi-scale decomposition and reconstruction of wavelet transform is utilized to filter the noise of negative-pressure-wave, which was brought by leakage. With the capacity to detect the signal singularity fast and accurately, wavelet transform was used to catch the break point of pressure signal. The work improved the accuracy of At in location formula, accordingly improved the location accuracy.Wavelet is a suitable tool for signal analysis. The distinct character is that the mother-wavelet is of optional. That means choosing different mother-wavelet will get different analysis result. So we studied how to choose mother-wavelet and its scale for signal singularity detection. The method is to choose a wavelet by regularities of the wavelet and the signal.Finally, a plan, which bases on SCADA system for inspection and detection of natural gas leakage, is proposed in the article.

其中，主要进行了以下几方面的工作：针对泄漏产生的负压波在管道中的传播速度受媒介的密度、压力、比热及材质等因素的影响，而非声波在空气中传播的速度，本文利用能量守恒原理，对其进行了修正；考虑到管内气体流速对压力波速的影响，对原始的负压波定位公式进行了一定程度的改进，并在利用定位公式进行泄漏点定位时采用逐步迭代逼近算法，提高了系统的定位精度；利用小波变换的多分辨率分解和重构技术，对采集到的管道发生泄漏时产生的负压波信号进行了降噪处理；并利用小波变换技术对信号奇异点的快速、准确的识别能力，对经上述消噪后的负压波信号进行了奇异点捕捉，精确捕捉的结果提高了定位公式中上下游站点采集到的负压波奇异点的时间差△t的精度，从而进一步提高了定位的精度；考虑到小波变换是一种基波可变的信号分析工具，也就是说，不同的小波基波对信号分析的结果将有很大差别，这势必影响最终的处理结果，因此，我们又对比分析了本课题中小波基及尺度的选择问题，依据规则性系数相似性原理对母小波的选择进行了探索性研究；最后，还提出了基于SCADA的泄漏检测与定位系统的软件开发构想及系统的嵌入方案。

The relationship between the Q value of ultrasonic resonant cavity and attenuation coefficient is educed for the first time,which supplies theoretic support to get the coefficient accurately by interferometry,and a practical method is introduced.

通过测量介质的声学特征量得到介质的某些理化常数的技术称为声探测技术。如测量液体的密度、浓度、粘度、流量、液位以及固体的致密度、晶粒度或球化率、弹性、硬度、厚度

This method is clear in concept, calculated simply , results accurately in calculation, and used on site conveniently, which provides scientific fact for the correct discription of casing string flexural equation ,accurate calculation of casing flexural deform, and reasonable determination of centralizer position.

但这种计算模式都是基于轴向力为零，只考虑了套管自重引起的横向均布荷载对挠曲变形产生的影响，因此，这种方法仅仅适用于计算"中和点"附近套管柱挠曲变形量这种特殊情况。更加普遍的情况是，套管不仅受自重引起的横向分力的影响，还受轴向力的作用。

This article mainly carries on reconsidering to the uniform circular motion teaching experience,proposed the uniform circular motion teaching first step is enables the student to grasp the uniform circular motion accurately the basic concept,and proposes the solution centripetal acceleration and the centripetal force concept teaching method specifically.

湖北省 鄂州 2 。湖北武汉摘要：本文主要对匀速圆周运动的教学经验进行反思，提出匀速圆周运动的教学的第一步是让学生准确掌握匀速圆周运动的基本概念，并具体提出解决向心加速度和向心力概念的教学的方法。

By choosing to observe stars that are known as Cepheid Variables he could more accurately make measurements.

通过有选择地观察恒星被称为cepheid变数，他能更准确地进行测量。

Thus, if one compares the length of the cycle to the amount of light apparent to the observer it is possible to accurately prepare an estimate of the distance to the cepheid.

因此，如果一个比较长的周期，以光线的量明显的观察是可能的准确地拟出一个估计的距离到cepheid。

In which he foretold accurately the personality of the Papal suc cession by means of mottoes and numbers.

他使用一些短句和数字对罗马教皇的成功做了精确的预言。

Warden: That's a beautiful dog, but don't bring her again.

那是条漂亮的狗，但是不要再把她带来了。

You get up in the morning – no hangover!

你第二天早上起来的时候—不会宿醉！