鱼

In order to enrich perceptive abilities of artificial fish and exhibit vivid animation, a kind of virtual smelling perception system of artificial fish was proposed based on analysis of the olfaction mechanism of natural fish and perception system of "robot fish".

为了丰富人工鱼的感知能力，提高对自然鱼的逼真动画效果，文章在分析"自然鱼"嗅觉机制、参考"机器鱼"感知系统的基础上，研究并实现了人工鱼的虚拟嗅觉感知。

The EPA and DHA content in the fat of muscle and entrails of 5 varieties freezing sea fishes such as salmon,hairtail,little yellow croaker,blackbluespotted mackerel and silver butterfish, and of 9 varieties fresh water fishes such as river perch,Chinese perch,Chinese sturgeon,silver loweye carp,bighead carp,African crucian carp,bluntsnout bream,common carp and grass carp have been determined.

通过对鲑鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、鲅鱼和鲳鱼 5种市售海水鱼的肌肉与鲈鱼、鳜鱼、中华鲟、鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、武昌鱼、鲤鱼和草鱼 9种市售淡水鱼的肌肉和内脏脂肪中EPA、DHA的含量的分析比较，结果显示，除鲤鱼和草鱼外，无论是海水鱼还是淡水鱼，其脂肪中均含有一定数量的EPA、DHA。

Sarcopterygians are a group of prehistoric fish which are traditionally classed as lobe-finned fishes, which in the real world include the modern day lungfish and the coelacanth, Latimeria.

肉鳍四脚鱼是历前鱼类的一种，传统上把它归入圆鳍鱼纲。真实世界里的圆鳍鱼有肺鱼，腔棘鱼和矛尾鱼。

The article is opposite our country 2004-2006 year crop of sturgeon of each province city, breed phyletic, seedling to plant on the base that the newest change of the market and field of commodity fish market has descriptive, breed form of water area lack, consumption effectively what in putting forward current sturgeon aquaculture, exist earnestly of guild of disease of control of lack of onefold, crossbreeding, fish and piscine medicine, sturgeon needs to build wait for a problem, offerred the way to deal with a situation in the light of the problem.

本文在对我国2004-2006年各省市鲟鱼产量、养殖种类、苗种市场和商品鱼市场的最新变化进行描述的基础上，提出了当前鲟鱼养殖业中存在的有效养殖水域缺乏、消费形式单一、杂交育种缺乏控制、鱼病和鱼药、鲟鱼行业协会亟需建立等新问题，并针对新问题提出了策略。

There have been caught in Walden pickerel, one weighing seven pounds —— to say nothing of another which carried off a reel with great velocity, which the fisherman safely set down at eight pounds because he did not see him —— perch and pouts, some of each weighing over two pounds, shiners, chivins or roach, a very few breams, and a couple of eels, one weighing four pounds —— I am thus particular because the weight of a fish is commonly its only title to fame, and these are the only eels I have heard of here;——also, I have a faint recollection of a little fish some five inches long, with silvery sides and a greenish back, somewhat dace-like in its character, which I mention here chiefly to link my facts to fable.

在瓦尔登湖中，捉到过梭鱼，有一条重七磅，且不去说那另外的一条，用非常的速度把一卷钓丝拉走了，渔夫因为没有看到它，估计它稳稳当当有八磅的重量，此外，还捉到过鲈鱼，鳘鱼，有些重两磅，还有银鱼，鳊鱼（学名Leueiscus Pulchellus），极少量的鲤鱼，两条鳗鱼，有一条有四磅重，——我对于鱼的重量写得这样详细，因为它们的价值一般是根据重量来决定的，至于鳗鱼，除了这两条我就没有听说过另外的，——此外，我还隐约记得一条五英寸长的小鱼，两侧是银色的，背脊却呈青色，性质上近于鲦鱼，我提起这条鱼，主要是为了把事实和寓言连接起来。

There were lesser and fewer in commercial species and its numbers in the cover net, and the sum of Nemipterus virgatus , Saurida tumbil , Upeneus bensasi , Trachinocephalus myops comprised 95.4% in number and 86.0% in weight of sample catch in the cover net,respectively. The high percentage of juvenile commercial species that were undersized in the codend showed 30.3 mm square mesh codend had more serious damage to most juvenile commercial species, approaching or exceeding 50% in percentage of juvenile species which body length is smaller than fishable size- Trichiurus haumela, Priacanthus tayenus , Navodon tessellatus, Argyrosomus argentatus, Nemipterus bathybius and so on, even exceeding 90% in percentage of juvenile Sepia spp, Loligo spp and Parastromateus niger. In particular, 50% selection lengths ( L 0.5) caught Saurida tumbil and Nemipterus virgatus were smaller than their minimum fishable size.

结果表明，这种规格的方目网囊平均尾数逃逸率为29.76%，平均重量逃逸率为8.46%；出现在套网中的经济种类少、数量少，条尾绯鲤、金线鱼、多齿蛇鲻、大头狗母鱼4种鱼的尾数和重量分别占套网抽样渔获的95.4%和86.0%；网囊中带鱼、长尾大眼鲷、黄鳍马面鲀、白姑鱼、深水金线鱼等鱼种的体长小于可捕标准的个体尾数比例均超过或接近50%，枪乌贼、乌贼、乌鲳等幼鱼尾数比例达90%以上，多齿蛇鲻和金线鱼50%选择体长均未达到最低可捕标准，表明该种规格网囊对多数经济种类幼体的损害比较严重。

The sound producing system of Sciaenidae is consisted mainly of extrinsic sonic muscle and swimbladder. Because female red drum do not have the sonic muscle, the sonic muscle of young red drum appeared when they were three months old and they were male. Young male red drum started to produce audiable sound at seven months old. The weights of sonic muscles and swimbladders increased with body weights.

石首鱼的发声系统以外接发声肌肉及泳鳔为主，由於雌鱼并无发声肌肉，因此红鼓鱼幼鱼在三个月左右出现发声肌肉者为雄鱼，发育的过程中，发声肌肉、泳鳔的重量随年龄增加而增加，然而雄鱼泳鳔的重量增加情形大於雌鱼。

Amongst the most popular were the fish carved and incised under the glaze of the classic Northern Song Ding wares, such as that carved in the interior of the large basin in the Percival David Foundation,23 and moulded on Northern Song or Jin dynasty Ding wares such as the dish with paired fish and lotus in the Idemitsu Art Museum, Tokyo.24 Fish also appear on popular wares such as the 12th century Cizhou wares with sgraffiato decoration, as seen on the famous pillow with catfish and eel grass in the Yamato Bunkakan Museum, Nara.25 They can also be seen on Southern Song celadon-glazed wares from the Longquan kilns, usually in the form of a pair of sprig moulded fish applied in relief under the glaze, as on a dish in the Percival David Foundation.26

最盛行的是著名的北宋定窑明刻和釉下暗刻鱼纹，诸如大卫珀西瓦尔基金会收藏的内底心雕刻的大盆，以及东京 Idemitsu 艺术博物馆馆藏的北宋或金代定窑盘子上的双鱼莲花造型。12世纪磁州窑的瓷器上也带有鱼的纹饰，正像在那件在奈良大和 Bunkakan 博物馆馆藏的著名的鲶鱼和蛇形鱼草瓷枕上所见到的那样。在南宋龙泉窑青釉瓷器上也同样可以见到鱼纹，通常是一对儿小枝造型的鱼以釉下暗刻浮雕的形式出现，正如大卫珀西瓦尔基金会一件盘子上所见到的那样。

Factory remaining hot water, remaining vapor and boiler heating system, were adopted in tilapia overwintering. Every step, such as site selection, pond and fish preparation, cultivation of fish, fish selection, timing of overwintering, stocking density and managements during overwintering, was compared among three systems. The results of data analysis showed that the survival rate in remaining hot water system was 12% higher than in remaining vapor system and 21.25% higher than in boiler heating system. The overwintering cost in remaining hot water system was 735 Yuan/m~3, which was 18 Yuan lower than in remaining vapor system and 71.4 Yuan lower than in boiler heating system. The profit in remaining hot water system was 201 Yuan/m~3, which was 162 Yuan higher than in remaining vapor system and 275.4 Yuan higher than in boiler heating system.

本论文采取了余热水、余热气、锅炉加温三种方式对进行罗非鱼越冬保种，从地点选择、越冬池、鱼的准备、越冬苗种的培育、越冬前催肥、越冬鱼的选留、越冬鱼进池时间和密度、越冬期间饲养管理等环节进行对比试验获得了三种方式的试验数据并进行了分析讨论，结果显示：余热水越冬雌亲鱼的成活率比余热气越冬高出12％、比锅炉加温越冬高出21.25％；余热水越冬雌亲鱼的成本每立方米为735元比余热气越冬的成本每立方米低18元、比锅炉加温越冬的成本每立方米低71.4元；余热水越冬雌亲鱼的利润每立方米为201元比余热气越冬的利润每立方米高162元、比锅炉加温越冬的利润每立方米高275.4元。

It was established that, the fish skin was stirred two times with 2.5% or 5% NaCl solution at a ratio of material to solvent of 1:10 at about 5℃ for 12h, about 5.9%, 6.7%, 9.1% soluble non-collagenous protein could been separated from skin of silver carp, bighead carp and grass carp, then by homogenizing with acid at a ratio of material to solvent of 1:30, about 78.9%, 84.1%, 82.0% of collagen from skin of silver carp, grass carp and bighead carp could be extracted by acetic acid or citric acid.

结果表明，鲢、鱅鱼皮经2.5％NaCl溶液(1：10)，草鱼鱼皮经5％NaCl溶液(1：10)，温度5℃左右，12h磁力搅拌处理二次，除去的可溶性蛋白分别占原总蛋白的5.9％、6.7％、9.1％。鱼皮再经加酸(1：30)溶胀、均质处理后，即可得到鱼皮胶原蛋白的粗提取液，鲢、草鱼鱼皮的酸提取回收率以醋酸为最高，分别为78.9％、84.1％，鱅鱼皮以柠檬酸为最高，约为82.0％。

On closer examination, though, this is not a vote for multilateralism but just the opposite.

仔细审视后我们发现，这并非是对多边主义投出的赞成票，而是恰好相反。

Uncovering their weak spots, so I can defeat them.

揭露出他们的弱点，这样我就可以打败他们了。