驱动电路

In this topic, the dynamic analysis methods for piezoelectric vibrator are studied systematically based on the theoretical model, FEM numerical experimentation and FEM governing equation for given compound-mode vibrator, and some valuable conclusions are obtained. The main work accomplished is summarized as follows: 1.Elaborate the main modeling methods for piezoelectric vibrator and the significance and necessity to study the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator which emphasize the urgency of this paper. 2.Take the bending deformation induced by piezoelectric ceramic as example, the energy transfer mechanism of electric energy to mechanical energy are analyzed; the motion and force transfer mechanism are analyzed for the longitudinal-bending vibrator. 3.Based on mode assumption and Hamilton principle, the coupling model of piezoelectric vibrator of linear USM is built; moreover, the equivalent circuit model is obtained and a coupling equation represents the relation between electric parameters and mechanical parameters is derived which provides foundation to match the vibrator and driving circuit. 4.Combine the constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic with elastic-dynamical equation, geometric equation in force field and the Maxwell equation in electric field and the corresponding boundary condition equation, the FEM control equation for piezoelectric vibrator of USM to solve dynamic electro-mechanical coupling field is established by employing the principle of virtual displacement. The equation lays the foundation to study the non-linear constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic driven by high-power. 5.Define the dynamic indexes of characteristic of vibrator and carry out variable parameters simulation by calculating the model parameters and the electric characteristics of vibrator are simulated according to the equivalent circuit model. By numerical experimentation, the working mode of vibration of vibrator and the shock excitation results of the working frequency band which provides the mode frequency to realize bimodal are analyzed. Detailed calculation of the electro-mechanical coupling field parameters is made by programming the FEM control equation.

本课题从理论模型、有限元数值试验、有限元控制模型等方面以复合振动模式振子为例对超声电机压电振子的动力学特性及其分析方法进行了全面系统地研究，得出了许多有价值的结论，主要概括如下： 1、阐述了目前针对超声电机压电振子的主要建模方法，对压电振子动态特性的研究意义和必要性进行了论述，突出了本文研究内容的迫切性； 2、以压电陶瓷诱发弹性体发生弯曲变形为例，分析了压电陶瓷通过诱发应变来实现机电能量转换的机理；对基于纵弯模式的压电振子的运动及动力传递机理进行了分析； 3、基于模态假定，利用分析动力学的Hamilton原理，建立了面向直线超声电机压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型，并据此建立了压电振子的等效电路模型，导出了电参量与动力学特性参量的耦合方程，为压电振子与驱动电路的匹配提供了依据； 4、从压电陶瓷的本构方程出发，综合力场的弹性动力学方程、几何方程、电场的麦克斯韦方程以及相应的边界条件方程，采用虚位移原理，建立了压电振子动态问题机电耦合场求解的有限元控制方程，为研究其大功率驱动下的非线性本构模型奠定了基础； 5、界定压电振子的动力学特性指标，对压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型参数进行计算及变参数仿真；依据等效电路模型，对压电振子的电学特性进行了仿真分析；通过有限元数值实验，对压电振子工作模态附近的模态振型及工作频率附近的频段进行了激振效果分析，找出了实现模态简并的激振频率；利用有限元控制方程，通过编程计算，对压电振子的力电耦合场参数进行了详细计算，得出了一些有价值的结论。

A top-plane side driving portion is structured by a row electrode driving circuit, a reversing portion, and a reversing switch.

顶面侧驱动部分包括行电极驱动电路、换向部分和换向开关。

The backplane side driving portion is structured by a column electrode driving circuit, a reversing portion, and a reversing switch.

背面侧驱动部分包括列电极驱动电路、换向部分和换向开关。

Characteristics of the IGBT gate driver, gate series resistance and its drive circuit are discussed.

详细说明：对IGBT栅极驱动特性、栅极串联电阻及其驱动电路进行了探讨。

The main content of this thesis is as follows: 1The structures of EPS are analyzed. The main components of EPS are introduced in detail. Then the distributed torque in EPS is analyzed and the control system model is set up. 2Three control modes are discussed and the control strategy of EPS is studied in detail. Three principal modules in the control strategy are discussed—the predicted module which predicts motor rotational speed and steering rotational speed, the power-assistant module and the return control module. 3The assistant torque curves of the motor are designed by using the B-spline, so that any kind of custom-built assistant torque curves can be designed according to different kinds of automobiles. 4The hardware frame of EPS is studied. The developed controller based on 8-bit MCU MC68HC908MR8 is introduced and many related circuit units are designed, including the control circuit, the driver control circuit and so on. The software structure is discussed, then the steering control program flowchart is given.

本文的主要工作有： 1分析了EPS 的总体构成，对EPS 的各个部件作了详细的介绍，并在此基础上分析了EPS 的受力情况，建立了控制系统模型，并研究了EPS 的安全性能； 2讨论了EPS 的三种控制方式，提出了控制策略，并讨论了其中三个关键模块的作用：预估模块包括对电机转速和方向盘角速度的预估，助力控制模块以及回正模块； 3用B 样条插值方法进行EPS 助力曲线的设计，可按照用户的要求设计任意形状的助力曲线，以满足不同车型和不同用户的要求； 4研究了控制系统的硬件结构，以MC68HC908MR8 为核心设计了控制器，详细讨论了控制器的控制电路、驱动电路等；设计了控制系统的软件，给出了控制程序流程图，并对要点进行了详细的说明。

Two dimensional fluid simulation results show that the wall voltage across the sustaining gap is increased by 30V, and the sustaining voltage can be lowered by 10-20V with the new triggering method. The vacuum ultra-violet radiation efficiency is increased by more than 50% compared to the conventional three-electrode AC PDP.

二维流体模拟结果表明，新的触发驱动方法可将五电极AC PDP主维持间隙的壁电压提高30V左右，从而使其维持电压降低了 10~20V，降低了对驱动电路的要求，同时真空紫外辐射效率比传统三电极AC PDP提高了50%以上。

A new type of resonant viscosity vacuum gauge based on the electrostatically excited silicon micromechanical resonators is developed in Chapter 6, that will measure pressure over the range from 1 Pa to 1. 33E3Pa. The theoritical analysis and the experimental results are presented.

最后，在闭环恒幅驱动电路的基础上进行了静电激励微谐振器应用于真空测量的研究，分析了静电激励谐振式真空传感器的原理及其对电路设计的要求，在此基础上实现了一种新型谐振型粘滞性真空计。

This paper introduces mainly the circuit design of the Laser velocimeter system; include emission module, pulse drive circuit, receiver module, computer interface and controlling software.

本文主要研究工作是激光测速系统中的硬件电路设计，其中包括发射模块、脉冲驱动电路、接收模块、计算机接口和上位机控制软件五个部分。

This eye sensor consists mainly of light activated triode and voltage comparator is composed of circuit, drive circuit "H" bridge.

此眼球感应器主要由光敏三极管和电压比较器组成的比较电路、"H桥"驱动电路组成。

By practical application,the bidirectional circumrotation/speed adjustment of motor are realized safely and reliably.The products has a small physical volume,fast heat transmission,high efficiency and can operate properly in severe environment.It can enhance the reliability of the drive circuit and the system,and adapt to both military and commercial usage.

经实际应用，该电路不仅安全可靠地实现了电机的双向转动和调速功能，且产品体积小，导热性能好，效率高；还能在恶劣的使用环境下安全工作，提高了驱动电路和系统的可靠性，适合军、民两用。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。