造价

column hammer impact expanding pile process ; composite subgrade ; ramming and extruding ; replacement

柱锤冲扩桩法具有夯击能量高、成桩快速、桩体材料可就地取材、工程造价低、处理效果显著等特点，因此在工

Germany already has publicised plans to develop a US$565 billion (400 billion euros) solar park in the Sahara.

德国已经宣布将在撒哈拉地区建立一座造价达5650亿美元（4000亿欧元）的太阳能公园。

Then, the selection strategy and the pheromone updating method of the basic ant colony algorithm was improved.

送电线路的路径选择是线路设计中的重要环节，直接影响工程总造价及运行可靠性。

Is committed to building construction and real estate investments in the area of cost planning, cost control, quantity surveying, project cost consulting, project management, construction consulting, and other professional consulting services.

北京嘉泰德建筑咨询有限公司致力于在建设和房地产投资领域提供成本规划、成本控制、工料测量、工程造价咨询、项目管理咨询、建筑工程咨询等专业咨询服务。

Is committed to building construction and real estate investments in the area of cost planning, cost control, quantity surveying, project cost consulting, project management, construction consulting, and other professional consulting services.

北京嘉泰德建筑咨询有限公司致力于在建设和房地产投资领域提供工程造价咨询、成本规划、成本控制、工料测量、项目管理咨询、建筑工程咨询等专业咨询服务。

Is committed to building construction and real estate investments in the area of cost planning, cost control, quantity surveying, project cost consulting, project management, construction consulting, and other professional consulting services.

企业简介：北京嘉泰德建筑咨询有限公司致力于在建设和房地产投资领域提供成本规划、成本控制、工料测量、工程造价咨询、项目管理咨询、建筑工程咨询等专业咨询服务。

This article compares some universities in the following countries/regions that could represent the major types of the higher education system of quantity surveying: UK,Australia,China,HK and Singapore.

一、工程造价高等教育比较研究问题的提出工料测量师制度起源于英国，已经有200多年的历史，在国际上形成了以英国为代表的英联邦工料测量高等教育体系，①如澳大利亚、香港地区、新加坡等国。

The content of this article is one important embranchment of this system, namely the standard system of earlier stage cost making of railway project.

本文研究的内容是该体系中的一个重要分支——铁路建设项目前期工程造价计价标准体系。

The chapter four to chapter eight analyze the railway engineering cost making standard from the sides respectively including railway engineering quotation, railway quotation direct cost, site administration cost, construction measurement cost, indirect cost and profit, analyze the key factor which influencing cost, confirm the scientificity and rationality of the current cost making standard basing on field measuring data, bring forward the advise of the ways and method of reducing invest and cost, and bring forward the opinion and advice for improve and perfect the current railway cost making standard.

第4～8章分别从铁路工程定额、铁路定额直接费、现场管理费、施工措施费、间接费和利润等方面对铁路工程造价计价标准进行分析，分析影响费用的关键因素，依靠实测数据检验现行各项计价标准的科学性与合理性，提出降低投入、减少成本支出的途径和方法的建议，并对现行铁路计价标准提出改进和完善的意见和建议。

At the same time, the finite staff element method is used to analyze the influence of beam rigidity; and the two new methods proposed are used to analyze the influence of connect way between piles and beam; and the conclusion is obtained that the rigidity ratio between beam and piles being 0.48 is appropriate; the continuative increase of the rigidity ratio is not significant; the worst condition is that connecting way between piles and beam is hinged; the best condition is that connecting way between piles and beam is rigid. Whether is single-row pile or are double-row piles, when the front of single-row pile or the front of the front-row pile(in the double-row piles) needed excavation, it is supposed to that ought to be carefulness to excavate, because it is that the engineering cost increased greatly.

同时，用有限杆单元法，对双排桩的连梁刚度和用文中提出的方法以桩梁连接方式进行了试验和理论分析得出如下结论：在满足不相互影响排桩间距的情况下，桩顶连梁与桩的刚度比不小于0.48是合适的，此时再增加连梁刚度无意义；桩梁连接为铰结时双排桩受力变形性质最差，刚结时受力变形性质最好；不论是单排桩还是双排桩，桩前和前排桩桩前土体需要开挖时应慎重，因为这种开挖对支护结构影响很大，造价增加很多；双排桩省钱，而且抵抗变形的能力强，值得在工程中研究和广泛应用

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。