转换

For converted wave stacking and trace selection of common reflection point gathering, it is required to accurately calculate the location of conversion points.

转换波共转换点的叠加和道集选取都需要准确地计算转换点的位置。

So that, we should do some effective transfor2 mation among these three systems, including time system and coordinate system. For the requirement, the time system and coordinate system for each of them are analyzed in details. And then, the method of time transformation and the model of coordinates transforma2 tion among GPS, GLONASS and GAL ILEO are p roposed based on lots of integration, certification and calculation.

这就需要我们对此三个系统的时间系统以及坐标系统进行有效的转换，本文就是基于这样的需求，详细介绍并分析了此三大系统中各自的时间系统与坐标系统，通过对多方资料的综合、推证与计算，综合得出GPS、GLONASS以及GAL ILEO三大系统间的时间转换方法及坐标转换模型与公式。

A high breakdown contaminated robust estimation model is applied to the transformation of coordinates in GPS network from WGS 84 system to local plane system.

采用高崩溃污染率抗差估计方法，将GPS网由WGS－84坐标系下的坐标转换成局部坐标系下的坐标，从而不仅能识别不稳定的基准点，而且能对其形变的大小作出近于实际的估计，保证了转换后GPS网的精度及转换坐标的正确性。当基准点中没有粗差时，与最小二乘法的结果一致。最后，给出了应用实

As applications, we prove the following results: If / has pointwise pseudo-orbit tracing property, for any k ∈ Z+, and fk is chain transitive, then for any k ∈ Z+, fk has open set transitive ; If f has pointwise pseudo-orbit tracing property, and for any n ∈ Z+,fn is chain transitive, then f has sensitive dependence on initial conditions; If f is open set mixing and has pointwise pseudo-orbit tracing property, then f has property P; Let f :→ be a homeomophism, then f is pointwise pseudo-orbit tracing property if and only if the shift map σf is pointwise pseudo-orbit tracing property.

作为应用，证明如下结论：若f具有逐点伪轨跟踪性质，且对任意k∈Z+，fk为链转换的，那么对任意k∈Z+，fk为开集转换；若f具有逐点伪轨跟踪性质，且对任意n∈Z+，fn为链转换的，则f具有初始敏感依赖性质；若f为开集混合的，且具有逐点伪轨跟踪性质，那么f具有性质P；设f：→是同胚映射，那么f具有逐点伪轨跟踪性质当且仅当移位映射σf具有逐点伪轨跟踪性质。

The key to understanding this recipe lies in the definitions of the translate and maketrans functions in the string module. translate takes a string and replaces each character in it with the corresponding character in the translation table passed in as the second argument, deleting the characters specified in the third argument. maketrans is a utility routine that helps create the translation tables.

理解这一配方的关键，在于string模块中 translate 和 maketrans 函数的定义。translate接收一个字符串，并根据第二个参数中传入的转换表，将字符串中的每一个字符替换为相对应的字符，同时删除掉第三个参数中指定的字符（译者注：当translate作为字符串对象的方法调用时，转换表为第一个参数，第二个参数中指定要删除的字符）。maketrans 是一个用来帮助创建转换表的例程。

Adopting discrete time-domain method to set up the mathematical model of high-voltage conversion circuit, and analyzing the influence of frequency, duty cycle, primary inductance, different turns ratio parameters how to affect high-voltage convertion circuit charging time.

采用离散时域方法建立高压转换电路数学模型，分析了高压转换电路频率、占空比、原边电感量以及匝比等设计参数对高压转换电路充电时间的影响，并进行了仿真和实验验证。

First use of sensors to convert the weight of voltage signal, and then voltage signal amplification input A / D converter, followed by A / D converter tool analog signals into digital signals, the digital signal will be sent to the microcontroller, through the process of Signal processing, and weighing function, and then the weight and keyboard input price multiply calculated lump sum, and the weight and price with LCD display.

首先用传感器把重量转换成电压信号，再将电压信号放大输入A/D转换，利用A/D转换工具将模拟信号转化为数字信号，将得到的数字信号传送至单片机，通过程序对信号进行处理，实现称重功能，然后将重量与键盘输入单价相乘计算出总价，并将重量和价格用LCD显示出来。

In order to control the insufficient transition displacement of the long rail components to ensure the high regularity of turnout and its locking reliability, a transition design method for long rail components and double limb elastically bendable turnout frog structure was established using the finite element method, a new roller sliding platform was developed, and the transition traction point layout and stroke design were optimized.

为控制长大轨件转换不足位移，确保道岔的高平顺性和锁闭可靠性，运用有限单元法进行长大轨件及双肢弹性可弯心轨结构的转换设计，研制出新型辊轮滑床台，并优化了转换牵引点布置及其动程设计。

So it is realistically and economcially to transform cartographic data to GIS spatial database.

笔者对这方面的研究现状和动态进行了调查，认为制图数据向GIS数据的转换主要分为两类：一类是数据格式的转换，一类是数据语义的转换。

The influent factors to the sensitivity have been reaserched with the values of magnetostriction λ〓, the making and the size of the toroidal core's, heatreatment and so on, and the conversional mechanism between pressure and voltage have been discussed. The experience calculating formula of the sensitivity to pressures was concluded, and it will be useful to the designning and application of the force transducers.

对非晶带的磁致伸缩系数λ〓、环形铁芯的尺寸及制作、热处理等因素对压力—直流电压转换灵敏度的影响进行了研究，并对压力-电压转换的机制进行了探讨，总结出了压力-直流电压转换灵敏度的经验计算公式，对压力传感器的设计和应用提供了依据。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。