跃迁能

When the pump beams have either narrowband or broadband linewidth,it is found that the overall accuracy for the energy-level difference measurement is determined by the homogeneous linewidths of the optical transitions,and is independent of laser linewidth and Doppler broadening.

无论泵浦光束为窄带线宽或宽带线宽，它对能级差测量的总体精度仅仅取决于光学跃迁的均匀增宽，而与激光线宽和多普勒增宽无关。

The GaAs, InP-based III-V compound semiconductors, which are known as their wide band-gaps, direct-band transition, high photoelectric conversion efficiency and high saturated electron drift velocity and mobility, become increasingly important and have been widely used in microelectronics and optoelectronics.

以GaAs，InP为主Ⅲ-V族化合物半导体材料具有很宽的带隙，大都为直接跃迁型能带，光电转换效率较高，以及具有很高的饱和电子漂移速度和迁移率。

Based on the theory of electron transition and theory of energy belt,this article analyzes the configuration and characteristics of the materials which can reflect near-infrared ray.

根据电荷跃迁理论和能带理论，分析了红外反射材料物质的结构特征。

Rare earth element possess abundant and particular electronic energy band structure,which lead to plentiful electron transition, so these element obtain multiform luminescencecharacter, this series of materials hold important place in luminescence materials zone.

稀土元素原子具有丰富的、特殊的电子能带结构，为多种能级跃迁创造了条件，从而获得良好的发光性能，该系列材料在已开发的发光材料中占有重要的位置。

Taking advantage of gauge transformation and dipolar approximation, we qualitatively derive rotating Bose-Hubbard model.Then finite temperature phase boundary between superfluid phase and normal state in rotating Bose-Hubbard model is analytically derived by studying the stability of normal state in rotating bosonic optical lattice.We also analytically prove that as the function of rotation angular velocity the oscillation of critical hopping matrix directly follows the upper boundary of Hofstadter butterfly.

4通过做一个规范变换和偶极近似，定性地推导了旋转Bose-Hubbard模型，并且通过研究正常态不动点的稳定性推广了旋转Bose-Hubbard模型的零温相图到有限温度的情形；另外根据系统有效的能带宽度与旋转速度的关系(Hofstadter蝴蝶)，得到了系统的临界跃迁矩阵随旋转速度的改变展示谐振行为的结论。

Within the WBEPM theory,the transition probabilities and oscillator strengths of some heavier and light atoms and ions are investigated.We also used the conceptions of spectrum-level-like series and iso-spectrum-level series to study the energy levels of some atoms.Based on the previous work,we used double generalized Laguerre polynomial to calculate the value for the ground-state energy of He atom.

本论文在郑能武教授提出的最弱受约束电子势模型理论基础之上，对若干较重和轻原子离子的跃迁几率和振子强度作了研究；引入类光谱态能级序列的概念和等光谱态能级序列的概念研究了一些原子离子的能级性质；并在前人工作的基础上用双广义拉盖尔函数对氦原子的基态能量做了计算。

The surface activity dose joins the queen, since jointly there is the water loving base group in the surface activity dose and detest the water base group in molecular structure , the pole is as a result easy to wind notable lessening menstruum surface tension from inside transition to interface in the solution.

液体分子在和空气等接触的表面会形成一层特殊的结构，表现为表面张力或表面能。表面活性剂加入后，由于表面活性剂分子结构中合有亲水基团和憎水基团，因而在溶液中极易从内部跃迁到界面上显著降低溶剂的表面张力。

Through the calculating of doping materials, we can see electrons are easy to transation or transfer, which strengthens the conduction properties of materials. Especially the stability of materials doping with Mn or Al is more strong, and the ionizing energy is more lower. These indicate that the electrons in the outest orbit are easier to lose, that is to say the Li+ ions are easier to imbed into materials. The discharge voltage of material doping with Co decreases, the oxidization of electrolyte is more difficult, and the cycling performance is improved.

通过对掺杂材料的计算可见掺杂后电子更容易跃迁或转移，增强了材料的导电性能，其中掺锰和掺铝的材料稳定性更强，电离能降低，说明失去最外层电子更容易，也就是说锂离子在材料中嵌入和脱出更加容易；掺钴之后材料的放电电压降低，电解液氧化的可能性减小，循环性能得到改善。

By the principal of detailed balance, the radiative recombination cross section of single-electron systems have been calculated with photoionization.

这是因为光电离及其逆过程的截面能准确的反映了跃迁特性和快慢程度。

Finally, we compare o-dimethoxybenzene with other benzene derivatives to discuss the influence of vicinal substitution effect and substituent group effect on the electronic transition, ionization energy and molecule vibration.

最后将把结果与其他苯衍生物的结果相互比较，而进一步得到取代基效应和邻近效应对电子跃迁、游离能及分子振动的影响。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。