负荷电压

From the burden increased aspect clarify set up the necessity of station, then pass to drew up to set up generalize of transformer substation and line direction to consider, and pass to analysis of carry the data, safety, economic and dependable consider and made sure the 110 kV, 35 kV, 10 kV and station use electricity of lord connect line, then again through burden calculation and power supply scope made sure main number, capacity and model number of the transformer set, also in the meantime make sure the station uses capacity and model number of transformer, end, according to biggest keep on work electric current and short circuit calculating of calculation result, to the high pressure Rong break a machine, insulate a switch, female line, insulate son and wear a wall set tube, electric voltage with each other feeling machine, electric current with each other the feeling machine carried on choose a type, thus completed a 110 kV electricity a part of design.

本文首先根据任务书上所给系统与线路及所有负荷的参数，分析负荷发展趋势。从负荷增长方面阐明了建站的必要性，然后通过对拟建变电站的概括以及出线方向来考虑，并通过对负荷资料的分析，安全，经济及可靠性方面考虑，确定了110kV ，35kV ，10kV 以及站用电的主接线，然后又通过负荷计算及供电范围确定了主变压器台数，容量及型号，同时也确定了站用变压器的容量及型号，最后，根据最大持续工作电流及短路计算的计算结果，对高压熔断器，隔离开关，母线，绝缘子和穿墙套管，电压互感器，电流互感器进行了选型，然后进行配电装置和平面布置的设计以及防雷的设计，从而完成了110kV 电气一次部分的设计。

With the quick development of social economy,the amount of using electricity is increasing quickly and complicatedly.

随着社会经济的高速发展，用电负荷的剧增，且用电负荷日趋复杂，值班员手动进行电压和无功调节的工作量大大增加，而且不能满足电压质量的要求。

The reason of unbalanced load voltage for station transformer in 220 kV substation was analyzed,the important influence of null line wirings in three-phase four-wire system on three-phase load voltage balancing was explained,and put forward a kind of simple,visual and practical vector analysis method.

分析一220kV变电站站用变压器负荷电压不平衡的原因，说明了三相四线制中的零线接线准确与否对负荷三相电压平衡性的重要影响，并提出了一种简单、直观的实用矢量图分析方法。

It is discussed that the adjusting effect of OLTC to the voltage of primary and secondary side is in close relation to the load type.

研究了有载调压变压器分接头的调节作用对变压器一、二次侧电压的影响与恒阻抗负荷、恒电流负荷、恒功率负荷以及电动机负荷等不同的负荷类型的关系。

For the principal component, namely the voltage stability analysis function, three kinds of nodal injection power modes are defined, i.e., the random varying direction of load, the response setting direction of generator and the ratio of active power component to reactive power component in load power, and a continuous power flow model that is easy to utilize and comprehend by dispatching center is built, based on this model three kinds of formulae to calculate the sensitivities of loading margin with respect to three kinds of nodal injection power modes are derived respectively, and on this basis the influence of nodal injection power mode on loading margin can be analyzed in order that the voltage collapse can be avoided by fast implementing early warning of voltage stability and adopting effective corrective control.

文章针对N-EMS的主要组成部分--电压稳定分析功能，定义了3类节点注入功率模式：负荷的随机变化方向、发电机的响应设定方向、负荷的有功和无功比例，建立了易于被调度中心运用和理解的连续潮流模型，在此模型基础上分别推导得到负荷裕度对3类模式的灵敏度公式，据此分析节点注入功率模式对负荷裕度的影响，以便能够快速进行电压稳定预警和采取有效的校正控制来避免电压崩溃。

Based on physical characteristics, existing stochastic estimation methods of equipment sensitivity to voltage sag use subjective probability models to express the probability distribution of voltage tolerance curve of equipment in the uncertain region. But the parameter estimation needs vast sample data. These methods may result in man-made errors.

现有负荷敏感度随机估计法以电压暂降的物理特征为基础，用主观概率模型描述负荷电压耐受曲线(voltage tolerance curve，VTC)的随机分布规律，所需样本量大，在实际中难以实现且可能引入主观误差。

Use bifurcation curve and analyze the effect on voltage stability by static load model,propose that critical voltage decrease with the constant impedance ratio increasing.

使用分岔曲线，分析了负荷静态模型对系统电压失稳临界点电压值的影响，得出系统发生电压失稳时临界电压值随负荷模型中恒阻抗负荷比例的增加而降低，并对北京电网进行实例分析。

The impact of load characteristics and on load tap changer on static voltage stability is analyzed with the methods based on V-Q and V-P curves, and the phenomenon of voltage stability voltage instability and voltage collapse are studied with steady-state simulation.

通过电压—功率曲线分析法定性分析了不同负荷特性和有载调压变压器对静态电压稳定性的影响，并通过静态仿真法从物理现象上研究了电压失稳和电压崩溃现象，最后针对这些现象给出了关于电压稳定、以及电压崩溃的本质解释。

For a constant impedance load or a constant current load, if regulating the secondary voltage by making the changer ratio higher, the primary voltage will get much lower while the load power is restoring, and the power will then lose balance. For a constant power load or a motor load, since the change of OLTC has no or little influence on the load power, the voltage of primary side almost has no change whether the tap operates or not. The influence on the voltage stability with respect to the dynamic restoring load which is sensitive to voltage is also discussed.

对于恒阻抗和恒电流型负荷，在变比上调恢复副边电压的情况下，负荷功率恢复，又使原边电压下降，可使系统功率失去平衡，而对于恒功率负荷和电动机负荷，OLTC的变化不会引起负荷功率的恢复，OLTC的变化对系统电压稳定有利；同时研究了对于一般电压敏感和具有动态恢复特性的负荷，反调分接头对电压稳定性的影响。

From the burden increased aspect clarify set upthe necessity of station, then pass to drew up to set up generalizeof transformer substation and line direction to consider, and passto analysis of carry the data, safety, economic and dependableconsider and made sure the 110 kV, 35 kV, 10 kV and station useelectricity of lord connect line, then again through burdencalculation and power supply scope made sure main number, capacityand model number of the transformer set, also in the meantime makesure the station uses capacity and model number of transformer,end, according to biggest keep on work electric current and shortcircuit calculating of calculation result, to the high pressureRong break a machine, insulate a switch, female line, insulate sonand wear a wall set tube, electric voltage with each other feelingmachine, electric current with each other the feeling machinecarried on choose a type, thus completed a 110 kV electricity apart of design.

本文首先根据任务书上所给系统与线路及所有负荷的参数，分析负荷发展趋势。从负荷增长方面阐明了建站的必要性，然后通过对拟建变电站的概括以及出线方向来考虑，并通过对负荷资料的分析，安全，经济及可靠性方面考虑，确定了110kV ，35kV ，10kV 以及站用电的主接线，然后又通过负荷计算及供电范围确定了主变压器台数，容量及型号，同时也确定了站用变压器的容量及型号，最后，根据最大持续工作电流及短路计算的计算结果，对高压熔断器，隔离开关，母线，绝缘子和穿墙套管，电压互感器，电流互感器进行了选型，然后进行配电装置和平面布置的设计以及防雷的设计，从而完成了110kV 电气一次部分的设计。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。