裂缝

The distributed optical fiber sensing technique is applied to monitor and analyze the cracks in the geological adit of Jinping Hydropower Station I; for which the distributing and embedded technologies of the distributed optical fiber for the cracking monitoring of the adit are presented herein.

应用分布式光纤传感技术对锦屏一级水电站地质平硐裂缝进行了监测分析，介绍了分布式光纤在工程平用裂缝监测的布设和埋设工艺。

Forecasting crack and it's distribution mode is almost equivalent to forecasting oil and gas, so it is important to correctly understand underground crack in exploratory development.

可以说对裂缝及其分布规律的预测几乎等价于对油气的预测，所以对地下裂缝的正确认识对油气的勘探开发具有重要的意义。

The research contents mainly include: First, the influence of foundation constraint condition to the temperature stress is analyzed, the temperature stress formula of ultra-long concrete anchor plate is deduced, then the influence of length to structure crack can be gotten from the formula. Second, a breathing method is set up to solve the problem of temperature stress in ultra-long concrete constructions. By setting the sliding floor, a breathing system is built up and the temperature stress reduced distinctly. Third, the effect of prestress technique in the control of temperature stress is analyzed, it is simulated and calculated through FEA to get the right way to apply the prestress. Forth, the delay of temperature field and unsteady conduction is considered, the temperature field of ultra-long concrete structure with later poured band is simulated, then temperature stress distribution after casting the concrete is calculated, finally the effect of later poured band to temperature stress of ultra-long structure is analyzed.

本文的研究内容主要包括：(1)分析了基础约束对超长混凝土结构温度应力的影响，推导了超长混凝土地基板温度应力公式，从而得出长度对结构裂缝的影响；(2)针对超长混凝土裂缝问题，提出了一种可呼吸的解决方法，通过设置滑动层，使结构成为一种"可呼吸"体系，从而有效的降低温度应力；(3)分析了预应力技术在控制超长结构温度应力中的作用，通过有限元模拟计算，得到合理的预应力施加方式；(4)考虑温度场的滞后效应及不稳定传导，对带后浇带超长混凝土结构浇注后的温度场仿真模拟，计算浇注后的温度应力分布，分析后浇带对超长结构温度应力的影响。

For the present problem of most Xi\'an metro lines passing obliquely through manyactive ground fissure zones,the effect of intersection angle with active ground fissure ofmetro tunnel on metro tunnel lining structure is studied with FEM,and the deformation andfailure characteristics and ranges of influence zones of tunnel are determined.

5针对西安地铁大多数线路斜交穿越地裂缝带的现状，采用有限元数值模拟方法揭示了地铁隧道与地裂缝斜交角度θ对地铁隧道衬砌结构变形破坏的影响规律。

The experimental results show that it is necessary to treat the formation with the temporary plugging agent to seal the pay zones for selectively injecting gel into aqueous layers when the effluent water pressure is higher than that of pay zones, or the fractures in oil-bearing zones are much wider than those in the aqueous layer.

在油井水层出水压力高于油层压力或者产油层裂缝大于出水层裂缝情况下，采用笼统注入方式堵水须进行暂堵处理，以封住产油层，使堵剂主剂选择性进入水层。

Based on the PSTM data volumes of 5 different azimuthal angles, the strike and intensity of fractures in studied area are predicted.

通过对5个不同方位角叠前时间偏移结果的分析，对研究区的裂缝方向和裂缝密度进行了预测。

This model has been applied to simulate the crack extension in three point bending creep test.

应用该模型，对三点弯曲蠕变试验中裂缝的扩展过程进行了有限元计算，发现裂缝扩展随时间的变化与应力—应变曲线的形状，尤其是强度破坏点以后的曲线形状密切相关。

An increase in the temperature of salt water from room temperature to 80℃ caused a remarkable increase in FCG rate for ADI due to the enhanced diffusion rate and hydrogen embrittlement effect at the crack tip.

此外，随著环境温度升高，增加裂缝成长驱动力，并加速溶液中离子的扩散速率，使得裂缝尖端氢脆效应加大，导致沃斯回火球墨铸铁在80℃盐水下的裂缝成长速率比室温盐水下来得高。

The reasons of concrete's crack forming and the component of Shrinkage Reducing Admixture SRA were analyzed in this paper. The mechanism of restraining concrete cracks by SRA was studied detailedly. The effect of SEA was validated in accordance with the experiment data and microcosmic data.

通过对混凝土的裂缝成因及混凝土减缩剂的功能成分分析，对SRA抑制混凝土裂缝出现的机理进行讨论结合实验结果，分析SRA对混凝土裂缝形成的抑制效果，从微观角度验证了SRA对混凝土收缩的抑制机理。

The rabbinate's handling of the issue has placed it on one side of an ideological fissure within Orthodox Judaism itself, between those concerned with making sure no stranger enters the gates and those who fear leaving sisters and brothers outside.

另外，犹太教博士机构对此问题的垄断，已经造成了包括正统犹太教在内的地缘裂缝，裂缝的一边是杜绝&非清教徒&进入犹太教的那些人，裂缝的另外一边则是害怕自己的兄弟姐妹还没有皈依的那些人。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。