血管

(1) cerebral ischemical reperfusion injury rats'limbs motor function is variable. Acupuncture could promote lims'functional recovery.(2) PCNA masc cells is visible in cerebral ischemical semidarkness region. There is cell regeneration phenomenon. Acupuncture could strengthen injury region's PCNA expression, could profit injury recovery and functional reconstruction.(3) In ischemia semidarkness region for the model group and acupuncture group, PCNA masc cells percentage of 14days group is lower than 7days group. Along with the recovery of injury, cell multiplication is weaken.(4) In cerebral ischemia semidarkness region, there is VEGF masc cells and regeneration phenomenon. Acupuncture could strengthen injury region's VEGF expression, could profit protection after injury and blood vessel regenerate.(5) In ischemia semidarkness region for the model group and acupuncture group, VEGF masc cells percentage of 14days group is lower than 7days group. Along with the recovery of semidarkness region, ischemia and anoxemia state is getting improved, and VEGF is reduce.(6) As there are PCNA and VEGF masc cells in brain injured region, we could conclude that, after brain ischemical reperfusion injury, there are blood vessel regeneration phenomenon. Acupuncture could promote blood vessel regeneration, recovery blood supply sufficiently and quickly, and promote the recovery of brain injury region.(7)The VEGF masc cells percentage of inhibitor group is lower than acupuncture group. It state that the effect of acupuncture promote VEGF is partly depend on the existing of eNOS.

实验结论：(1)脑缺血再灌注损伤后大鼠的肢体运动功能发生改变，针刺可以促进肢体功能恢复；(2)脑缺损伤区可见PCNA阳性细胞，存在细胞再生现象，针刺可以增强损伤区PCNA的表达，有利于损伤的修复和功能重建；(3)针刺组和模型组14d时缺血损伤区PCNA阳性细胞百分比低于7d组，随着损伤逐渐得到修复，细胞增殖现象减弱；(4)脑缺血损伤区可见VEGF阳性细胞，存在内皮型细胞再生现象，针刺可以增强损伤区VEGF的表达，有利于脑损伤后保护和缺血区血管再生；(5)针刺组和模型组14d时缺血损伤区VEGF阳性细胞百分比低于7d组，随着缺血损伤的修复，缺血缺氧状态得到改善，产生的VEGF减少；(6)由于脑损伤区同时出现PCNA阳性细胞和VEGF阳性细胞，前者是增殖细胞的标志，后者是促进血管再生的重要因子，可以推断，脑缺血再灌注损伤后脑内存在血管再生现象，针刺可以促进损伤区的血管再生，更迅速而充分的恢复损伤区的血供，促进脑损伤区的修复；(7)抑制剂针刺组脑损伤区VEGF阳性细胞百分比与针刺组相比有不同程度的降低，说明针刺促进缺血损伤区VEGF表达部分依赖eNOS的存在。

Endovascular restenosis is an abnormal repairing response of vessel against injury. Following stent implantation, vessel contractibility reconstitution, local inflammation and thrombogenesis, intima hyperplasia, mainly vascular smooth muscle hyperplasia, are found.

血管内再狭窄是血管对抗损伤的一种异常修复反应，表现为支架植入后血管的收缩性重构，局部的炎症与血栓形成，以及以血管平滑肌细胞增殖为主的内膜增生。

"The endothelial cells which line our arteries are an important site of action for the vascular protective effects of polyphenols," explains Corder.

"血管内皮细胞是连续被覆在全身血管内膜的一层细胞群，是具有保护血管作用的多酚在血管内活动的重要场所。"

"The endothelial cells which line our arteries are an important site of action for the ascular protectie effects of polyphenols," explains Corder.

"血管内皮细胞是连续被覆在全身血管内膜的一层细胞群，是具有保护血管作用的多酚在血管内活动的重要场所。"

Changes of lung ultrastructures: The results of electron microscope showed that in group 1, there were swelling mitochondria was arranged in disorder, less matrix, and hyalomere appeared, thin double-deck membrane in 50% samples: Interalveolar septum stroma was with edema in 60% samples; Polymorphonuclear leukocyte gathered in vessel or emigrated out of vessel in 50% samples; In group 2, double-deck membranes of mitochondria were integral, densely matrix showed micro-granule shape in 90% samples; Pinocytosis in epithelial cells of type Ⅰ lung strengthened, being destroyed, and pinocytosis in endothelial cells strengthened in 10% samples; lnteralveolar septum stroma was with edema, no polymorphonuclear leukocyte gathered in vessel or emigrated out of vessel or corpuscule was empty in type Ⅱ alveolar epithelium in 20% samples.

肺组织超微结构改变观察：纯氧机械通气组50%标本线粒体肿胀、排列紊乱，基质变浅，出现透明区，双层膜变薄，60%标本肺泡隔间质水肿，50%标本多形核白细胞血管内聚集或游出血管外现象；34%氧浓度机械通气组90%线粒体双层膜较完整，基质致密呈细颗粒状；10%标本可观察到Ⅰ型肺上皮细胞有吞饮增强、破坏及内皮细胞吞饮增强；20%标本肺泡隔间质水肿；未见到多形核白细胞血管内聚集或游出血管外现象及Ⅱ型肺泡上皮板层小体排空。

The embryonic vessels failed to invade into the labyrinthine layer of placenta, which impaired the embryonic-maternal vascular connection. These defects could not be rescued by wild-type tetraploid blastocysts, excluding the possibility that they were due to the extraembryonic tissues.

组织免疫组化分析结果显示：毛细血管腔异常扩张，排列紊乱，不能形成大血管及细致有序的血管网络；胚外中胚层来源的卵黄囊脏层扁平上皮细胞形态变圆，与内皮细胞连接受损；胚胎血管不能侵入胎盘迷路层，胚体与母体血管连接受损。

The conclusion is drawn that the included angle of each branch of the blood vessel are equal by making a mathematical model of the vascular branches and analyzing the model from the view of optimization.

通过对血管分支建立数学模型，从优化角度进行分析得出每个血管分支夹角相等的结论，该模型为求出血管的条数和分支数，讨论血管的总长度提供了理论依据。

Although a single intracardial injection of an adenovirus containing the AT2R into male Sprague-Dawley rats did not affect the MAP, the effectiveness of an AT1R antagonist was greater in the AT2R-overexpressing animals compared with those expressing a control vector.7

虽然在雄性斯普拉-道来大鼠心内注射包含血管紧张素II受体血管紧张素II受体的腺病毒后没有观察到平均动脉压的上升，但是在血管紧张素II受体过度表达的个体血管紧张素I受体拮抗剂在血压调控中起到了更为有效的作用。

The severity of coronary atherosclerosis was underestimated by CAG. 38 segments were indicated for operation by IVUS. Post-stenting in 38 segments was checked with IVUS. 46 segments had good effect and 10 segments with no ideal effect needed high-pressure ballon re-expansion. This 10 segments with re-expansion were shown good effect by IVUS. Statistic analysis showed VA and LA were increased after post-stenting. PA and area stenosis rate were reduced. VA and PA had no difference , but LA and ASR had obvious difference between pre-high pressure and post-high pressure ballon re-expansion.

结果IVUS在显示血管壁的形态结构、斑块的性质方面敏感性高于CAG检查，诊断冠心病更准确，血管造影低估冠脉病变的严重程度；本组46处血管，经CAG和IVUS检查符合介入治疗干预指征的血管38处，IVUS指导置入支架的大小、长度以及置入的位置，支架置入术后，血管总截面积、管腔面积增加，斑块面积及面积狭窄率降低，并有显著性差异。

The results showed that (1) all the arteries tested had tachyphylaxis to peptidergic agonists;(2) the desensitization of the arteries tested to catecholamines was uneasy except BA;(3) the desensitizations to AⅡ, AVP and PE were homologous;(4) the endothelium-EDRF -cGMP pathway had no contribution to the tachyphylaxis of PA to AⅡ and AVP;(5) membrane receptor cycling (internaliation and re-insertion) contributed only in part to homologous desensitization;(6) there was no change in the function of voltage-dependent Ca〓 channel during desensitization to AⅡ and AVP;(7) some changes in G protein occurred during homologous desensitization;(8) the most surprising finding was that the caudal arterial smooth muscle of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat showed tachyphylaxis to α〓-adrenoceptor agonist PE, while the tachyphylaxis of pulmonary artery of SHR was not changed compared with that of Wistar rat.

脱敏是消除效应的一种有效方式。因此，研究不同血管对不同激动剂脱敏的差异及阐明脱敏的机制，有助于阐明血管活动个性化的机制。研究表明：血管对肽类激动剂的脱敏方式为快速脱敏，而对儿茶酚胺类激动剂不易脱敏；血管对肽类激动剂和儿茶酚胺类激动剂表现为同源脱敏；内皮-NO-cGMP通路不参与肺动脉对AⅡ和AVP的快速脱敏；用PAO抑制膜受体的内在化只能短暂抑制脱敏的发展，提示用膜受体数目的下调说不能完全解释同源脱敏；血管对AⅡ和AVP脱敏后VSMC细胞膜电压依赖性钙通道功能无改变；CA对AVP脱敏后GTPγS的量-效曲线下移，说明有G蛋白的变化，但这种变化并非G蛋白的亲和性改变；SHRsp之CA平滑肌对AⅡ和AVP的快速脱敏并未减弱，但对PE却表现为快速脱敏，这是我们首次发现的一个非常有趣的现象。

On closer examination, though, this is not a vote for multilateralism but just the opposite.

仔细审视后我们发现，这并非是对多边主义投出的赞成票，而是恰好相反。

Uncovering their weak spots, so I can defeat them.

揭露出他们的弱点，这样我就可以打败他们了。