苞

The results are as follows:(1) The morphological investigation indicated that the nectaries werelacked on the main nervation, calyx and bract of cotton line 97014 comparedwith TM-1. Alveolate hollow was absent at main nervation of the mature leaf.Results of cytological analysis showed that 97014 lacked nectariferous structure.Where nectary inserted were parenchyma cells, cupped structure and brownnectariferous substance on the lower epidermis were not found.

主要研究结果如下：(1)以棉花无蜜腺品种97014与有蜜腺棉花遗传标准系TM-1为材料，进行形态学比较研究，结果表明棉花无蜜腺品种97014叶片中脉、花萼和苞叶上都缺少蜜腺，成熟叶片叶脉、花萼和苞叶上均无蜂窝状凹陷；组织与细胞切片观察发现，97014缺少蜜腺组织结构，在蜜腺着生处为排列整齐的薄壁细胞，且在下表皮看不到凹陷的组织结构和褐色的蜜腺分泌物。

Inflorescences racemose, often paniculate; bracts small; bracteoles 2, usually subtending base of calyx.

花序总状，通常；苞片小；小苞片2，通常是花萼的对着基础。

Flowers unisexual, hypogynous; staminate flowers in erect, terminal panicles; pistillate flowers 1 to few in short terminal or axillary racemes; bracts present; bracteoles 1 pair per pedicel, usually caducous.

花单性，下位；在直立，顶生的圆锥花序里的雄花；雌花1到很少为短的顶生或腋生总状花序；苞片宿存；小苞片1 每花梗配对，通常早落。

Bracts shorter than or subequaling flower length, sometimes a few bracts near base of raceme to 2 × flower length.

苞片短于或近等长于花长度，有时总状花序的一些苞片近基部到2 *花长度。

Major results were summarized as follows:(1) A total of 58 tree species from 53 genera in 36 families among which 8 species were Rosaceae, 5 species were Liliaceae, 5 species were Eriaceae, 3 species were Ranunculaceae, 3 species were Compositae, 2 species were Cupressaceae, 2 species were Caprifoliaceae, 2 species were Umblliferae, and other 28 tree species were only one receptively. These were recorded in the 8 plots of the A. georgei var. smithii forest;(2) Number of families, genera, species and Margalef index correlated negatively with altitude (P.05), with a peak at 3600 m.(3) Shannon-Wiener index correlated negatively with altitude (P.01), and maintained stable at the altitudes between 3700~4100 m, evenness with altitudes, however, this trend was insignificant.(4) Jaccard index increased sharply with increasing altitude at the altitudes between 3600~4100 m, and was lower between different vegetation types at the altitudes between 4100~4200. Cody index β(subscript c decreased with an increasing altitude, but there were 2 troughs between 4000~4100 m and 4200~4300 m.(5) Maximum tree height H(subscript max and HH(subscript max=37 mcorrelated negatively with altitude (P.05); but basal area and BA BA(subscript max=5.3m^2 correlated with altitudes, however, this trend was insignificant.

结果表明：(1)在调查的8个急尖长苞冷杉林样地内共有植物58种，分属于36科53属，其中植物较多的科有蔷薇科8种、百合科5种、杜鹃花科5种、毛茛科3种、菊科3种、柏科2种、忍冬科2种、伞形科2种，其余的28科各只有1个种；(2)物种科、属、种数、Margalef指数D(下标 M与海拔存在显著的负相关性(P.05)，在分布急尖长苞冷杉最低海拔3600m处出现物种丰富度的最大值；(3)多样性指数与海拔之间有极显著的负相关性(P.01)，并且在3700~4100m之间多样性指数保持稳定；均匀度指数与海拔梯度之间存在负相关性，但不显著；(4)Jaccard指数C(下标 j在海拔3600~4100m随海拔的升高而升高，在生境过渡带的4100~4200m之间Jaccard指数C(下标 j较低；Cody指数β(下标 c随海拔的升高呈下降的趋势，但在4000~4100m和4200~4300m 海拔区间出现2个低谷；(5)最大树高H(下标 max和最大胸径DBH(下标 max与海拔之间存在显著负相关性(P.05)；胸高断面积之和和立木密度与海拔之间存在负相关性，但不显著。

Leaves opposite, leaf blade rhomboid to obovate-lanceolate; fruiting bracts tuberculate on surfaces.

叶对生，叶片斜方形的到倒卵状披针形；在表面上的果苞片具瘤。 1 A 。 verrucifera 疣苞滨藜

Pseudospikelets 2–4 per spathe, usually 1 or 2 fertile; bracts subtending lateral pseudospikelets, lanceolate, apex puberulent.

2-4 Pseudospikelets 每佛焰苞，能育的1或2的通常；苞片对着侧的pseudospikelets，披针形，先端被微柔毛。

Plants suberect or subscandent; tendrils absent.

苞片棕色或黑色；柄约等长于或者2 *在果期的倍于苞片。

Thyrses usually large, terminal, or fascicles, stellate or tomentose; bracts and bracteoles subulate, small.

聚伞圆锥花序通常的大，顶生，或者密簇聚伞花序，星状或者被绒毛；苞片和小苞片钻形，小。

Inflorescence a raceme or compact thyrse, pendent, usually open before leaves appear; peduncle with 2 or 3 basal leaves; each flower usually with 1 bract and 2 bracteoles.

花序为一总状花序或小型聚伞圆锥花序，下垂，通常开阔的在叶出现之前；花序梗具2或3基生叶；每花通常具1苞片和2小苞片。

With the development of highway construction, the speed of cars has been gradually increased.

随着公路的发展，汽车的车速也在不断提高。

So we basically had to develop a bond with the animal in terms of socializing with it.

所以我们就主要想通过跟它沟通的方式来建立一种良好的关系。