花芽

Changes of endogenous ZT and GA3 in stems and leaves of spring shoots of citrus Satsuma on the stock of Poncirus trifoliuta during the period o flower bud formation were determined by HPLC and TLC respectively.

用高效液相色谱法和薄层荧光色谱法分别测定了宫川温州蜜柑花芽分化过程中内源玉米素和赤霉酸(GA3)的含量变化。

The sepal is usually green.It can protect the flower bud.

花萼通常是绿色的，它能保护花芽。

After that, sepal anlage, petal anlage and habenaria reniformis appeared gradually after 50-80 days of culture.

以诱导花芽形成效果最佳的培养基作为处理组，同时设置一组对照。

The results indicated that along with the increase of chilling requirement of varieties, each differentiation stage for different varieties was delayed, the sepal differentiation stage was extended, the pistil differentiation stage was shorten. The time difference of petal and stamen differentiation stages was little among different varieties.

结果表明：随着品种需冷量的增加，不同品种花芽分化的各个阶段开始的时间有所推迟，萼片分化期所用的时间逐渐延长，雌蕊分化期所用的时间逐渐缩短，而花瓣和雄蕊分化期所用的时间差异不大。

This paper has studied the physiological and biochemical changes during the period of forming strong buds of tree peony, and expect to provide academic basis for extending its view value and economic benefit . The main results are as the following:1 Under the field condition, Characteristics of photosynthesis of tree peony are very regular. From before blooming to the prophase of abducting buds that after blooming ,that is April,May and June,the net photosynthetic rate of tree peony is higher than the other period .It indicates that this period is very important for accumulating photosynthetic products of tree peony . So, if we want to get quality flower of tree peony ,it is very important to strengthen the management of tree peony cultivation and to ensure provide the fertilizer and water.2 From the middle ten days of June, with the time elapsing and with the environment conditions worsening, the characteristics of photosynthesis of tree peony decline deeply. But it is different among different tree peony breeds. For example , cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng can also has higher net photosynthetic rate, it indicates that cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng is super than the other two tree peony breeds when adapting the environment conditions and cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng has wide prospect to extend .3 The main factors of effecting the characteristics of photosynthesis are stomatal factor and non-stomatal factor ,that is the ability of photosynthesis of leaf cells. Under the environment of high light intensity in midsummer, if overshadow tree peony properly, then it can slow the declining of chlorophyll content, and increase the net photosynthetic rate and benefit for the accumulating of photosynthetic products.4 The content of soluble sugar in the root of tree peony is the highest among different organs during the period of forming strong buds . According to analyse ,we believe that the soluble sugar will compose starch then, and provide the solid base of material for the growth and development next year. It provide us strong academic basis of adopting the method of cultivating root and protecting root under thefield environment conditions .In other words ,it will help to increase the health level of the whole plant of tree peony and will be beneficial to forming quality tree peony flower if we strengthen the management of root. 5 To tree peony, the endogenesis hormone is important for its growth and development .In the prophase ,that is about the blooming of tree peony and the mid-summer ,IAA and ZR contents are higher and GA content is lower and its changes are very little, and the content of ABA is decreasing . This indicates that IAA and ZR act the important promote function for growth and development of tree peony in this period, and the function of GA is not important. Bur in the period of anniversary senescence of tree peony , the content of IAA and ZR begin to decrease ,while the ABA content has a certain rebound .T

本研究对几个牡丹品种壮芽形成过程中的某些生理生化变化做了研究，以期了解牡丹生长发育过程中生理生化的变化规律，探讨大田栽培条件下提高牡丹花质量的栽培措施和管理技术，为提高牡丹的观赏价值和经济效益提供理论依据，结果如下：1 大田栽培条件下，牡丹光合特性在生长发育过程中表现出极强的规律性，牡丹各品种的光合速率从牡丹开花前，到牡丹花谢后的花芽诱导期前期（6月10日之前），也就是在4、5、6月份，各牡丹品种的净光合速率相对与其他时间都维持在比较高的水平，这说明，在这段时间，是牡丹光合产物积累的重要时期，因此，要保证得到高质量的牡丹花，在这段时间加强对牡丹的栽培管理，保证这个时期的肥水供应十分重要。2 从6月中旬后，随时间的推移，环境条件的恶化，牡丹的光合性能剧烈下降，但是不同牡丹品种间仍有差异，比如，乌龙捧盛仍可维持较高的光合水平，这说明了乌龙捧盛这个牡丹品种对于环境的适应性较之其他牡丹品种高，有着广泛的推广前景。3 影响牡丹光合性能的主要因子是气孔因素和非气孔因素即叶肉细胞的光合能力，在盛夏高温高光强的环境条件下，对牡丹进行适当遮荫，能缓解牡丹叶绿素水平的下降，适当提高Pn，有利于光合产物的积累。4 可溶性糖在牡丹各品种的壮芽形成过程中，根中可溶性糖的含量在牡丹各部位中始终维持最高水平，分析认为这些可溶性糖在根系中进一步合成淀粉等储藏性物质，为来年牡丹的生长提供雄厚的物质基础，这为我们在大田栽培条件下对牡丹采取养根护根的栽培措施提供了有力的理论依据，即在大田栽培条件下，加强对牡丹根系的管理，有助于提高牡丹整株的健壮程度，有益于形成高质量的牡丹花。5内源激素对牡丹的生长发育调节作用是十分明显的，在前期，即开花前后和盛夏，IAA和ZR含量维持在比较高的水平，GA含量低且变化不明显，ABA含量逐渐降低，说明了IAA和ZR对牡丹在这段时间内的生长发育起到重要的促进作用，GA的作用不是很明显，ABA可能在高温高光强下有明显的升高，也说明了ABA的确有一些促进作用，但是到了牡丹周年衰老期，IAA和ZR的含量开始下降，ABA含量却有了一定程度的反弹，说明了IAA和ZR的作用开始降低，ABA起到了促进衰老的作用

Gymnocladus dioicus K. is a large deciduous tree with unisexual flowers, which are good research materials for sexual differentiation. Researches from cytomorphology, cytohischemstry and analyses of special proteins on both male and female flowers in different developmental stages were systemly reported in this paper. The sex differentiation process of Kentucky coffeetree first undergo a vengetative stage, then a bisexual stage, finally unisexuality by means of the reduction or abortion of inappreciate sex organ primordial.

本论文以美国肥皂荚雌株及雄株上不同发育时期的花蕾和花为试材，从细胞形态学、细胞组织化学、特异蛋白质分析三方面首次对其花芽分化及开花特性进行详细描述，进而就其花性别分化过程进行了比较系统的研究，对其单性花形成机制方面进行了讨论。

Vernation The arrangement of leaves in relation to each other in the bud, or the arrangement of perianth segments in a flower bud.

幼叶卷叠式：由芽中各幼叶排列方式决定的成熟叶片的排列，或是花芽中花被的排列组合形式。

The results showed that: the multinomial methods was more appropriate to separate the trend yield , and the yield of waxberry had close relationship with some climate factors of flower Suds period and autumn period, such as precipitation and temperature.

分析结果证明，用多项式方法对浙江杨梅的趋势产量进行分离比较合适，而浙江杨梅的气象产量主要同其花芽分化期、成熟期等重要时期的降水、气温等一些气象因子有关。

Sepals (4 or)5, completely enclosing floral bud, margins entire, often accrescent and colored in fruit, persistent.

萼片(4或)5，完全的包围花芽，边缘全缘，通常增大并且在果期染色，宿存。

The time for flower bud differentiation and the process of floral bud development in Actinidia in Hefei district were studied in this paper.

本文研究了中华猕猴桃在合肥地区花芽分化的时期及花器形态分化的过程。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。