花序

Inflorescences abbreviated cymes in a pedunculate umbel; bracts at apex of peduncle, forming an involucre, caducous.

花序在一有花序梗的伞形花序里为缩短的聚伞花序；花序梗的苞片在先端，形成一总苞，早落。

Inflorescence corymbiform, umbel-like, of several to numerous elongate cincinni aggregated into inflorescence at apex of main stems and branches.

花序伞房花序状，象伞形花序一样，数个到多数拉长聚生进花序在先端的主茎和分枝。

In this paper, the biological characteristics of florescence, spikelet and inflorescences structure, morphogenesis formation of inflorescence, megasporogenesis and the development of female gametophytes were studied systematically by using anatomy structure, scanning electron microscopic and paraffin section methods. The results were as followed:(1) Phyllostachys praecox was the bamboo flowering fragmentarily; the cultivation changed the characteristic of flowering; the plantlets of flowering were complex and splitted into three kinds: the plantlet flowering before continued flowering; the plantlet flowering before stopped flowering and the plantlet changed into flowering. The inflorescence of Ph. praecox was indefinite inflorescence or called false inflorescence, and actually it was flower stress structure. Its basal unit was pseudospikelet with two kinds: apical spikelet and lateral spikelet. The floret had one lemma, one pelea, three stamens, one pistil and three lodicules.

本研究综合运用形态解剖学、扫描电镜、石蜡切片等技术手段，对雷竹花期生物学特性、小穗与花序构造、花序形态建成过程、大孢子发生与雌配子体发育等进行了较为系统的研究，结果表明：(1)雷竹为零星开花竹种，耕作条件对其开花特性具有重要影响；开花植株类型复杂多样，可以分为以前开过花现在继续开花、以前开过花现在停止开花以及以前未开过花现在转为开花等3种类型；雷竹花序为无限制花序或称&假花序&，实为花枝结构，基本单位为&假小穗&；假小穗有顶生和侧生之分；小花具内外稃各1枚，雄蕊3，雌蕊L，另具3枚大小不等之鳞被。

Inflorescence borne in axil of leaf or scalelike bract, of 1(--3) umbels or a panicle, raceme, or spike of umbels; peduncle sometimes with a scalelike prophyll at base.

花序生于叶或的腋鳞片状苞片，1(-3)伞形花序或一圆锥花序，总状花序，或伞形花序的穗状花序；有时的花序梗具一鳞片状的先出叶在基部。

Oncidium on 15 hrs light period and night break treatments exhibited heavier fresh and dry weights, lower total soluble sugar content in pseudobulb because nutrient translocated for inflorescence development, however water content was no significantly different. After treatment of 9 hrs and 12 hrs light period, the total soluble sugar content in pseudobulb of Oncidium was higher than other treatments because of consuming less nutrient transfered from pseudobulb due to poor inflorescence development and the quality of inflorescence also showed worse.

以15小时电照周期处理与暗期中断处理之植株乾鲜重较重，含水量则无明显差异，而假球茎内的全可溶性糖含量则较其他处理组低，因为花序发育时，假球茎内的碳水化合物转移到花序，以提供花序发育所需之养分。9小时电照周期处理组与12小时电照周期处理组方面，因为其花序品质较差，消耗的养分较少，故其假球茎内的全可溶性糖含量较高。

Koyama (1960) divided Smilax into six sections according to inflorescence and prophylla etc., and defined the sect. Macranthae as with raceme of one to many umbels, defined sect. Smilax as with umbels sessile on elongate. If it is only one umbel, the peduncle has a node or prophylla at the base. After researching on most literatures on Smilacaceae in different floras, observing most of Smilax specimens in the world .

Koyama(1960)对东南亚产的菝葜属做了详细的分类学研究，根据花序类型、先出叶等特点将菝葜属划分为6个组，并将具有一至多个伞形花序排列成圆锥花序的一系列种定义为圆锥菝葜组或花序无梗定义为穗菝葜组，认为若是单个伞形花序腋生，则在总花梗下部必定具一关节或具一枚先出叶。

The results showed that some characters, such as shape of leaves and tooth number of leaf-margins, were not taxonomically reliant characters since they varied greatly within the same group; while the characters, such as hairs on leaves, venation of leaves, length and color of flowers or inflorescences, and length of fruits, were good characters for the classification of Stachyurus as they are usually stable.

结果表明：叶片形状、叶缘齿、花序下的叶片是否宿存以及花序是否具花序梗等性状在种间变异非常大，单个性状对旌节花属属下分类意义不大；而叶片毛被、脉序和结构，花序长度，花的大小和颜色以及果实大小等性状通常较稳定，可作为旌节花属划分种和变种的重要依据。

This paper reports the varied flowers in syconia of Ficus awkeotsang Makino. We used anatomic observation and statistical analysis to analyze the variation in female and male flowers, mutation rate of different strains and number of varied flowers per syconia in syconia from 24 female and 16 male strains. We also discuss the relation between flower variation and pollinating wasp activity or yield of F. awkeotsang by observing flower development. The results revealed 2 types of flowers in morphology: an umbrella inflorescence shape and solitary.

该文报道了爱玉子花序中存在变异花的现象，并通过花序解剖观测及数据统计分析方法，研究比较雌、雄花序中变异花的类型、不同品系的花序变异率以及单花序中变异花的数量，了解变异花发育过程、变异花与传粉小蜂之间的相互关系，以及变异花对爱玉子产量造成的影响。

The change of syconia number and the duration of phase B and phase D of different Ficus awkeotsang strains were compared. Results showed that the length of phase D of male syconia was about one month, while the length of phase B of female and male syconia was 2-3 months. This means that phase B and phase D could not overlap completely, resulting in the falling of syconia in phase B due to lack of wasps for pollination.

比较爱玉子不同品系雌、雄花序的B期与雄花序的D期花序数量变化及持续时间，结果表明：栽培爱玉子雄花序D期时长约1个月，而雌、雄花序的B期时长却是2~3个月，B、D期不能完全重叠，导致B期花序因没有小蜂传粉而脱落。

The most significant variance lay in the 1000-seed-weight,followed by flag leaf length and inflorescence shape and then by distance between flag leaf and inflorescence with least in inflorescence length,plant form,leaf width and seed length.Meanwhile,morphological characteristics of D.glomerata have significant relationships: those with upright and constrictive inflorescences hav...

其中，种子千粒重变异最大；旗叶长度、花序形状次之；穗叶距、花药宽度、旗叶宽度等性状变异中等；而花序长度、株型、叶宽、种子长度变异最小。2鸭茅植物形态学特征间存在明显相关性，花序直立、紧缩的鸭茅，叶片窄长，茎秆粗壮，旗叶较长，雄性生殖器官发育良好，结种性能强；而花序下垂、开展的鸭茅则与之相反。3聚类分析表明，不同野生鸭茅种源可划分为3类，其中花序下垂种源聚于一类；而花序直立的种源分居另两类。4从形态学特征及相关农艺性状分析，花序直立的鸭茅更具开发利用潜力。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。