脾脏

Methods Seventy - two cases of traumatic rupture of spleen received splenic artery ligation, gastrocolic omentum plugging and suture and repair of rupture.

目的 探讨外伤性脾破裂既能控制伤脾出血、保留脾脏，又能保证脾脏生理功能的手术方式。

The results showed : thymus, Bursa, Harderian gland and spleen weight increase with age, gradually increasing; Thymus index, Bursa index and Harderian gland, the index increased with age gradually and the spleen index increase with age in the first increased and then decreased.

结果表明：胸腺、法氏囊、哈德氏腺和脾脏的重量随日龄的增长，逐渐增大；胸腺指数、法氏囊指数和哈德氏腺指数随日龄的增长逐渐变小，脾脏指数随日龄的增长，先增加后减小。

Portal vein pressure, size of spleen the collateral circulation of portal vein and the fluctuation of hematocyte counts were measured and recorded at the preconcerted time.

实验犬25只，随机分为A组(正常组，n=5)、B组(对照组，n=10)、C组(实验组，n=10)。A组仅予以剖腹探查，B组予以门静脉主干部分结扎建立模型，C组则通过门静脉主干部分结扎附加3周后脾静脉缩窄及其属支结扎的方法建立模型，建模后术前及术后每周动态观察两组动物血象的变化，B、C组在预定时间点(术后第5、第9周)分别随机选择5只动物开腹观测门静脉自由压、脾脏大小、门体侧支循环形成情况，并切取脾脏行组织病理学检查，此外，术前及术后预定时间点了解骨髓增生情况变化。

Methods:12 patients with hypersplenism due to PH and 4 patients with traumatic rupture of spleen were regarded as hypersplenia and control group respectively. The expressions of TLR2, 4 were detected by real time-PCR.

选取门静脉高压症脾亢患者的手术切除脾脏（12例）为实验组，外伤性脾破裂患者的手术切除脾脏（4例）为正常对照组。

Hours after infusion, the radioactivity accumulation appeared in lung, and it revealed that the infused cells distributed mainly in lung, and some appeared in liver, spleen, kidney and bladder. 6 hours after infusion, the radioactivity in lung diminished compared with that at 3 hours after infusion, and bilateral kidneys imagine appeared intensively. 9 hours after infusion, the radioactivity in lung appeared reduced significantly than that at 3 hours after infusion, and liver imagined increasedly, intestine tract imagine appeared in several rats.

本研究中，静脉移植MSCs后3h，肺脏放射性浓集，移植细胞主要分布在双侧肺部，肝脏、脾脏、肾脏和膀胱分布较少；移植6h后，肺脏放射性较移植3h时减弱，双侧肾脏显像明显增强；移植9h后，肺脏放射性较移植3h时明显减弱，肝脏显像增强，个别大鼠肠道出现显像；移植18h后，此时肺脏显像明显稀疏，肝脏和脾脏显像显著加强。

MHC class Ⅱ,CD40,CD80,and CD86 on DC were measured using flow cytometry.Results The ability of DC to stimulate nonadherent splenocytes proliferation was decreased after injury,and the levels of cytokines were changed.

致伤后24小时分离小鼠脾脏DC ，检测脾脏DC在体外抗原作用下刺激脾非黏附细胞增殖的能力、细胞因子分泌功能及其表面重要分子表达的情况。

Abdominal sonography showed multiple splenic abscesses with intraperitoneal and perisplenic fluid accumulation.

腹部超音波表现多发性脾脏脓疡破裂并腹腔内及脾脏周围有液体。

We found that intravenously administered arginine significantly decreased the spleen weight, the serum interleukin-6 level, and IL-6 production by leukocytes, splenic macrophages, and thymocytes; significantly decreased tumor-necrosis factor-α production of leukocytes and thymocytes; and significantly increased the stimulating index of cell proliferation in T-thymocytes in peritonitic rats.

结果显示，静脉给予arginine显著降低腹膜炎大鼠脾脏重量、血清间白素-6、与白血球、脾脏巨噬细胞及胸腺细胞IL-6分泌量，且显著降低白血球与胸腺细胞肿瘤坏死因子-α分泌量，但显著增加胸腺细胞增生的刺激指数。

MethodsThe transplanted tumor model of the mouse S180 sarcoma was established.Fifty mice were randomly divided into five groups,the control group,the CTX group,the Gecko group.They were treated respectively with oral administration of saline,and intraperitoneal injection of CTX 100 mg/kg only one time,oral administration of Gecko in doses of 13.5,9,4.5 g/kg,one time a day.After 14 days,the anti-tumor activity was evaluated by tumor tissue weighing. The impact on immune organ was detected by accounting thymus index, spleen index and the number of peritoneal macrophage which phagocytose chicken red blood cells.The protein express of vascular endothelin growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor were detected by SABC immunohistochemistry.

方法建立移植瘤小鼠S180肉瘤模型，将50只雌鼠随机分为对照组、环磷酰胺组、壁虎高组、中组、低组共5组，分别给于生理盐水灌胃1次/d，CTX（100 mg/kg）腹腔注射1次，壁虎高、中、低组（13.5，9，4.5 g/kg），每天灌胃1次。14 d后，称取荷瘤小鼠瘤重、胸腺重、脾脏重，计算抑瘤率、胸腺指数、脾脏指数，观察腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡血红细胞实验指标；用SABC免疫组化法检测血管内皮生长因子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的蛋白表达，TUNEL方法检测细胞凋亡率。

The inducible nitric oxide synthase is obviously expressed in speen of rats under the predator stress, suggesting important function for iNOS in speen physiology. However, the expression and subcellular localization for NOS in speen development and differentiation are largely unknown. In the present study, the changes in iNOS activity in spleen of rats under predator stress were studied to explore the role of iNOS in the decreased immunoactivity of the stressed rats. The changes in iNOS were observed with immunobistochemical method, and the contents of NOS and NO in spleen with biochemical method.

在捕食压力下，大鼠脾脏诱导型一氧化氮合酶明显表达，说明iNOS起到了重要的生理功能，然而，NOS的表达及在亚细胞水平的定位以及相应的差异变化等都很不明确，本试验采用捕食应激模型，利用免疫组织化学方法和生化测定，检测心理性应激对大鼠脾脏iNOS活性的影响及探讨这种影响与应激动物免疫力下降之间的关系。

I am sure after a few weeks of adaptation and familiarization I will have no difficulty in functioning on a daily basis in an English speaking society or in participating fully in graduate studies.

在大学的三年的学习生活不仅给予我自身的充实，更重要的是磨练和培养了我较强的自觉能力和严谨，踏实的作风以及不怕困难的精神，对未来充满了信心！

As the first volcanoes erupted, one of the gases that bellowed out was steam.

在第一批火山喷发时，喷出的气体之一就是水蒸汽。