筋膜

The other tumor that occurs in the abdominal wall is the desmoid tumor, which arises from the fascia or aponeurosis of muscles.

发生于腹壁的另一肿瘤是纤维瘤，其起源于筋膜或肌肉的腱膜，常发生于以前剖腹手术的疤痕处，女性病人较男性病人更常见（图16）。

Methods The pathway and position of gereater occipital nerve threading through the aponeurosis of tiapezius muscle and deep fascia,and the site being accident- prone to press were observed and measured on 20 adult specimens.

方法在20侧成人尸体头颈标本上，对枕大神经的行径、穿斜方肌腱膜和深筋膜以及易发生卡压的部位进行了解剖、观察和测量。

The deep temporal fascia and subgaleal tissues are the autologous tissues whose structures are similar to the dura mater. They have enough area and blood supply.

颞深筋膜与帽状腱膜下组织是自体同部位组织，与硬脑膜组织结构相同，有足够大的面积和较好的血运。

2The anterior cutereous branches of the obturator artery penetrate deepfascia of thigh and epimysium of the adductor muscles closing against the lower rami of pubisor at its outer margin.Pudendal-thigh skin flap pedicled on it may be elevated to repairrectovaginal fistula or small skin defects of perineum.As its piercing point is much higher andthe location of pedicle is more fixed because of restriction of pubic rami,it is not suited toreconstruct new vagina.Moreover,it is not appropriate naming the obturator aretry(or themedial femoral circumflex artery)the pudendal-thigh artery.

闭孔动脉前皮支紧邻耻骨下支或于其外侧缘，穿大腿深筋膜和内收肌肌膜浅出，以之为蒂可以形成皮下蒂阴股沟岛状皮瓣，用于阴道直肠瘘或会阴部较小皮肤缺损的修复，但由于闭孔动静脉前皮支浅出点位置较高，并且由于耻骨下支的阻挡和限制，致使血管蒂的位置较为固定，以之为蒂形成的阴股沟皮瓣不适宜用于阴道再造；另外，将闭孔动脉命名为阴股沟动脉，也有欠妥帖。

Objective: To evaluate the application value of heterogeneous acellular dermal matrix in prevention of gustatory sweating syndrome after parotidectomy.

目的：评价应用异种脱细胞真皮基质修复膜重建腮腺咬肌筋膜预防腮腺切除术后味觉出汗综合征的效果。

Results: After volume therapy, urine alkalization, and stabilization of internal environment, the 10 patients underwent debridement, decompression by fasciotomy or amputation under epidural anesthesia or brachial plexus block plus psychological therapy and moderate tranquillizer.

结果：经过容量治疗、碱化尿液、稳定内环境等处理后，10例伤员在硬膜外或臂丛麻醉下，辅以心理安慰和适量镇静剂，接受了清创或筋膜切开减压手术。

Medical Research found that this is the corpus cavernosum albuginea and penile fascia between the formation of fibrosis and sclerosis, commonly found in middle-aged men, more than at the dorsal penis, the penis may be associated with injury, inflammation, diabetes, aging, a lack of vitamin E and other factors.

医学研究发现，这是在阴茎海绵体白膜与阴茎筋膜之间发生纤维化而形成的硬结，常见于中老年男子，多位于阴茎的背侧，可能与阴茎损伤、炎症、糖尿病、衰老、维生素E缺乏等因素有关。

Results: Closed rupture of the achilles tendon was often misdiagnosed and failed to be diagnosed clinically due to unsufficient recognition and carelessness about the disease and careless special physical check-up. Among many therapeutic methods for the disease, Bunnell's suture with extractable steel wire was more effective than bending-knee plantar flexion plaster stone fining, direct suturing, auto-fascial strap mending or reversed muscular flap repairing.

结果：缺乏对此病的认识和警惕性，未进行仔细的专科体检，是误诊、漏诊的主要原因；治疗方法较多，其中采取Bunnell氏抽出钢丝缝合术治疗的15例，较屈膝跖屈石膏固定、直接缝合术、自体筋膜条修补术和肌膜瓣翻转修补术治疗效果好。

Dissecting the skin and dartos fascia was not adequate to straighten the penis in all patients, even removal of fibrous tissue in pen- urethral region in two cases with ventral curvature, which implied a disproportion of corpora cavernosa.

在表皮、肉膜筋膜甚至远端尿道周围之纤维组识剥离后均不能矫正阴茎弯曲，代表所有病例均属阴茎海绵体本身不对称。

Methods Nuclear β-catenin expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 77 lesions with desmoid-type fibromatosis and 171 other spindle cell lesions, including superficial fibrmoatosis (n=18), nodular fasciitis (n=36), keloid (n=16), scar (n=10), granulation tissue (n=9), synovial sarcoma (n=38), neufibroma (n=13), solitary fibrous tumor (n=12), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (n=10), low-grade myxofibrosarcoma (n=3), low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (n=3), and smooth muscle tumor (n=10). In addition, the immunohistochemical expressions of ER-α, ER-β and Ki-67 were examined in all of the lesions with desmoid-type fibromatosis. The nuclear immunohistochemical staining for nuclear βcatenin and ER-β was graded as high level (≥25% of cells), low level (5%-25%) or none.

采用免疫组织化学染色法检测77例韧带样型纤维瘤病和171例其它良、恶性梭形细胞病变（包括结节性筋膜炎36例、浅部纤维瘤病11例、瘢痕疙瘩16例、增生性瘢痕10例、肉芽组织9例、滑膜肉瘤38例、神经纤维瘤13例、孤立性纤维性肿瘤12例、胃肠间质肿瘤10例、低度恶性黏液纤维肉瘤3例、低度恶性纤维黏液样肉瘤3例及平滑肌肿瘤10例）组织中β-catenin核阳性的表达，同时检测韧带样型纤维瘤病中ER-α、ER-β和Ki-67的表达。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。