硫醛

Methods Tissue inorganic nitrate,malonaldehyde and NOS activity of the heart,liver,brain and kidney were determinated respectively by Cu2+-activated cadmium-reduction method,thiobarbituric acid test and oxyhemoglobin oxidation method.

采用铜离子活化镉还原法、硫代巴比妥酸染色法和血红蛋白氧化法测定组织NO、丙二醛含量和NOS的活性。

The effects of the food additive butylated hydroxyanisole and the antibiotic Norfloxacin on swordtail fish were measured by considering a number of parameters, including glutathione S\|transferase, catalase, 7-ethoxyresorufin-o-dealkylases and malondialdehyde contents.

研究了叔丁基对羟基茴香醚(butylated hydroxyanisole， BHA)和诺氟沙星(norfloxacin， NFLX)对剑尾鱼的急性毒性及其肝脏谷胱甘肽硫转移酶、丙二醛、过氧化氢酶及7-乙氧基异吩恶唑酮-脱乙基酶活性的影响。

Methods:The levels of plasma ET,serum malondial dehyde and super-oxide dismutase were measured by the methods of nalysis of radioimmunoassay,thiobarbiturate and xanthin oxidasein the blood samples from 68 patients with APP,and 29 normal controls.

采用放射免疫分析法、硫代巴比妥酸法及黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定68例APP组、及29例正常对照组血浆ET、血清丙二醛及超氧化物歧化酶的含量。

By using this methodology, alkenyl silanes which have useful applications from a synthetic point of view could be easily obtained.

藉由改变起始物硫缩醛的取代基，或是使用不同的格林那试剂，我们能利用此烯化反应得到在有机合成上有许多应用的有机矽化合物。

The condensation of 3 carbethoxy isoquinol 4 one with carbamidine, amidine, carbamide and sulfocarbamide gave isoquinolo pyrimidine derivatives, respectively and isoquinolo quinoline derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of o aminobenzaldehyde or o aminopiperonal with isoquinol 4 one.

报道了利用 3 乙氧甲酰基异喹啉 4 酮分别与胍、脒、脲及硫脲类化合物缩合反应合成异喹啉并嘧啶衍生物，邻氨基苯甲醛、邻氨基胡椒醛分别与异喹啉 4 酮反应合成异喹啉并喹啉化合物。6个新化合物的结构通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱予以证

The contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein and malondialdehyde were determined by anthrone method,Foiln-hydroxybenzene method,thiobarbituric acid method respectively.

分别采用蒽酮法、Folin-酚法、硫代巴比妥酸法测定可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质和丙二醛MDA的含量，用电导仪测定幼苗的电解质渗透率。

Each group was 10 Lycium barbarum seedlings.The contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein and malondialdehyde were determined by anthrone method,Foiln-hydroxybenzene method,thiobarbituric acid method respectively.

分别采用蒽酮法、Folin-酚法、硫代巴比妥酸法测定可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质和丙二醛MDA的含量，用电导仪测定幼苗的电解质渗透率。

In this thesis,the AM1,MNDO,MINDO/3(mainly AM1)and INDO/S-CI semiempirical MO methods were used toinvestigate the excited-state intramolecular protontransfer reactions of salicylic acid derivatives—salicylic acid,methyl salicylate,salicylaldehyde,o-hydroxyaceto-phenone,salicylamide and 3-hydroxy-picolinamide (6 conformers and 2-3 anion species);2-(2'-hydroxy-5' methylphenyl) benzotriazole(4 conformers),2-(2' hydroxyphenyl) benzimidazole (3 conformers and 3anion species),Bis-2,5-(2-benzoxazolyl)hydroquinone(3 conformers),2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole(2conformers) and 7-azaindole dimer (2 conformers).Theinvestigations were described as follows.Geometry optimization,relative stability andhydrogen bonding energy First,for sylicylic acid derivative molecules,the AM1,MNDO and MINDO/3 methods were used toinvestigate ground-state geometry optimization,energies,relative stabilities and hydrogen-bondingenergies on the five kinds of the molecules(designing 6 conformers and 2-3 anion species).Comparing with experimental data,the optimizedgeometry,the order of stability,the hydrogen-bonding energies and the distances between O-O in O-H..O hydrogen bonds by AM1 method were in agreementwith the experimental data,however,the C-C bondlengths optimized by MNDO and MINDO/3 were longer,C-O and O-H bond lengths were shorter;for C-N bondlengths,the results opitimized by MNDO method werethe same as those by AM1 method,nevertheless the C-Nbond lengths given by MINDO/3 method were muchshorter.For some sylicylic acid derivatives(e.g.methyl salicylate,salicylamide),the order ofstabilities on the conformers given by MNDO andMINDO/3 methods were not in agreement with theexisting conformers deduced by experimental methods,and the hydrogen bonding energies calculated by MNDO.and MINDO/3 methods were smaller.Second,the studyon the other systems found that the optimizedgeometry of the proton-transfered product with INDOmethod could not be obtained,only could theoptimized geometry of reactant be obtained,and thecalculated hydrogen bonding energies were greater.Many results of calculation indicated that the studyon the excited-state intramolecular proton transferreaction system using AM1 method was suitable andreliable.

本论文用AM1、MNDO、MINDO/3（主要是AM1）和INDO/S-CI半经验分子轨道方法对水杨酸衍生物系列——水杨酸、水杨酸甲酯、水杨醛、O-羟基乙酰苯酮、水杨酰胺和3-羟基吡啶酰胺（6种异构体和2-3种阴离子）；2-（2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基）苯并三〓唑（4种异构体）；2-（2'-羟基苯基）苯并咪唑（3种异构体和3种阴离子）；2，5-二间氮杂氧茚氢醌（3种异构体）；2-（2'-羟基苯基）间〓杂硫茚（2种异构体）和7-〓吲哚二体（2种异构体）的激发态分子内质子转移反应在以下几个方面进行了较系统的理论研究：几何构型优化和相对稳定性及氢键能首先以水杨酸衍生物系列分子为例，用AM1、MNDO和MINDO/3方法考察了5种分子（每种分子设计6种异构体和2-3种阴离子）的基态几何构型优化，能量、相对稳定性和氢键能计算，通过和实验数据进行比较，AM1方法给出的优化几何构型、稳定性次序、氢键能和O—H。。。O氢键的0—0距离与实验数据吻合最好，MNDO和MINDO/3方法优化的C-C键长偏长，C-O键和O-H键长偏短；对于C-N键长，MNDO和AM1优化结果差别不大，而MINDO/3给出了过短的C-N键长，MNDO和MINDO/3方法给出的有些水杨酸衍生物分子（如水杨酸甲酯和水杨酰胺）异构体的稳定性次序和实验上推测的可存在异构体结果不一致，MNDO和MINDO/3方法给出的氢键能偏低，对其他体系的研究发现INDO方法常常不能得到质子转移产物的优化几何构型，只能得到反应物的优化构型，并且估算的氢键能偏高，大量的计算结果表明AM1方法对本论文研究的激发态分子内质子转移反应体系是适宜和可靠的。

Methods:To observe the contents of total bilirubin and alanine aminotransferasein serum ,the contents of malondialdehyde , activity of superoxide dismutase , level of nitrogen monoxide in serum and liver tissue ,hepato-pathohistologic changes by CCl4,αnaphthalin fluorescein isothiocyanate inducing acute liver injury and icterus respectively in mice by po, the effects of sedum lineare thunb on the biochemical changes were analysed.

分别采用四氯化碳（CCl4）、α萘异硫氰酸酯一次性灌胃中毒致小鼠急性肝损伤及黄疸模型，测定血清谷丙转氨酶、总胆红素含量及血清、肝组织中丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶、一氧化氮水平和观察肝组织病理变化，分析佛甲草对上述指标的影响。

In the presence of suitable nickel catalyst and without the chelation effect of special designed dithioacetals, simple aliphatic dithioacetals could react with a series of Grignard reagents to give the corresponding olefinic products.

因此在适当的镍触媒存在下，脂肪族硫缩醛在不需要特别的螯合作用下，即可以与一系列的格林那试剂进行烯化反应。

I am sure after a few weeks of adaptation and familiarization I will have no difficulty in functioning on a daily basis in an English speaking society or in participating fully in graduate studies.

在大学的三年的学习生活不仅给予我自身的充实，更重要的是磨练和培养了我较强的自觉能力和严谨，踏实的作风以及不怕困难的精神，对未来充满了信心！

As the first volcanoes erupted, one of the gases that bellowed out was steam.

在第一批火山喷发时，喷出的气体之一就是水蒸汽。