石油加工

The industry magnesia mainly uses in making the ceramics, the enamel, the fire-proof material and so on; In the polishing compound, the adhesive, in the paint manufacture takes the stopping; In the artificial fiber, the rubber (chloroprene rubber, fluorine rubber) make the promoter and the catalyst; Makes the antacid on the medicine in the laxative, uses in treating the hyperacidity, the stomach and duodenum ulcer; May take the hard sugar purification is the decolorant in the food processing, the ice cream pH value conditioner and so on; In the construction profession, the magnesia may the manufacturing contain the magnesium special cement and the heat preservation board and so on; The biggest use is serves as the fertilizer and domestic animal's feed in the agriculture, causes the plant and in the animal metabolism process principal element, when serves as cow's feed, may prevent because to lack nervous system function being out of balance which the magnesium causes, namely the so-called forage grass convulsion gets sick; Uses in the chemical industry making the metal magnesium and the magnesium chemical, like magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride as well as other chemicals; Moreover also uses in the water treatment, the detergent which the flue was mad uses in the glass, the dye, the electric cable, the silcon steel industry, the uranium processing, the electronics industry, the insulation material industry, as well as uses in professions and so on petroleum chemical additive, casting, phenolic plastic.

工业氧化镁主要用于制造陶瓷、搪瓷、耐火材料等；在抛光剂、黏合剂、油漆的制造中作为填充料；在人造纤维、橡胶中作促进剂和催化剂；在医药上作抗酸剂于轻泻剂，用于治疗胃酸过多、胃和十二指肠溃疡病；在食品加工上可作为砂糖精制是的脱色剂，冰淇淋的pH值调节剂等；在建筑行业中，氧化镁可生产制造含镁特种水泥和保温板等；在农业上最大用途是用作肥料和牲畜的饲料，使植物和动物代谢过程中的主要元素，用作奶牛的饲料时，可防止因缺镁而引起的神经系统机能失调，即所谓牧草性痉挛病；在化学工业中用于制造金属镁和镁化学品，如硫酸镁、氯化镁以及其他化学品；另外也用于水处理，烟道气的洗涤剂用于玻璃、染料、电缆、硅钢工业、铀加工、电子工业、绝缘材料工业，以及用于石油添加剂、铸造、酚醛塑料等行业。

This paper in view of present crude oil units running situation and the existence prominent question, in cooer with progress of production has carried out the corrosion mechanism research, the anticorrosion measure and the corrosion actually tests and analysis, the security and reliability analysis and the life forecast research, with the research of out and inner our country and the production actuality ,which provides a practical and feasible base for guaranteeing the equipment in the long-term and steady safe operation.

本文针对目前国内稠油加工常减压装置的生产运行现状和存在的突出问题，结合国内外研究工作和生产实际开展了稠油加工装置故障树分析、腐蚀机理、防腐措施、腐蚀实验、安全可靠性分析和寿命预测等方面的研究工作，为提高我国石油炼化装置的安全可靠性提供了理论基础和新的方法。

With the rapid economic development, the growing demand for crude oil and engine fuel, the expansion of the petro's production and the development of residuum deep conversion for increasing the yield of light oil becomes an important subject.

随着我国国民经济的发展，对石油产品的需求不断增加，原油及成品油消费快速增长，迫切需要扩建新的燃料油加工能力，增加加工深度，提高油品质量，2010年预测成品油需求约为4亿吨，项目市场成长空间较大。

Wastewater treatment (oil, stone Of waste water, steel, metal processing, food processing, Zhiran, paper, chemicals, washing wool, and other wastewater); water water reuse, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis pretreatment, industrial water use.

废水处理（石油、石化废水、钢铁、金属加工、食品加工、织染、造纸、化工、洗羊毛等废水。）；水处理（中水回用、纳滤、反渗透预处理、工业用水。

On the basis of studying the mechanism of the self-excitation vibration and the helix lobes of the cylinder in the well logging tool during deep-hole boring, th e influence of the length of the guide pads on the torsion deformation and stabi lity of the boring cutter is analyzed.

在论述深孔镗削加工过程中自激振动和螺旋沟产生的机理后，分析了石油测井仪器筒体深孔镗削加工中导向块长度对镗刀扭转变形和稳定度的影响。

Through the American BoardìQuality Assessment Group Inc. ISO9001: 2000 quality system certification, the American Petroleum Institute API 6D product quality authentication and API 607 fire test, and obtain the certificate; companies on their use of domestic and foreign advanced valve design manufacturing technology, all aided design using AutoCAD, with a number of CNC machine tools, diving Valve pressure test the whole equipment and flying spray paint bake operation transmission line represented by a full set of high-performance processing, testing and coating equipment, according to GB, JB, HG, SH, API, DIN, JIS, BS standards, professional manufacture of "KTZ" brand ball valve, gate valve, valve, check valve, safety valve and various non-standard valves, an annual output of various category of high and medium pressure valve 5000 million yuan.

公司通过了美国船检局集团质量评估公司ISO9001：2000质量体系认证、美国石油协会API 6D产品质量认证及API 607防火试验，并获得证书；公司运用国内、外先进的阀门设计制造技术，全部采用AutoCAD辅助设计，拥有一批以数控加工机床、潜水式阀门整体试压设备和悬挂输送油漆喷烘作业线为代表的全套高性能加工、检测和涂装设备，按GB、JB、HG、SH、API、DIN、JIS、BS等标准，专业制造&KTZ&牌球阀、闸阀、截止阀、止回阀、安全阀及各种非标准阀门，年产各类高中压阀门5000余万元。

After more than 10 years of development,"four new" brand defoamer products have been formed four series of more than 70 varieties, widely used in oil exploitation and processing, pulp and paper, textile printing and dyeing, architectural coatings, pharmaceuticals, fermentation, washing, Machinery processing, sewage treatment and other fields.

经过十多年的发展，&四新&牌消泡剂产品已形成四大系列70多个品种，广泛应用于石油开采与加工、制浆造纸、纺织印染、建筑涂料、医药、发酵、洗涤、机械加工、污水处理等领域。

After more than 10 years of development, the company "four new" brand defoamer products have been formed more than 60 varieties of six major series, widely used in oil exploitation and processing, pulp and paper, textile printing and dyeing, architectural coatings, pharmaceuticals, fermentation, washing , Machinery processing, sewage treatment and other fields.

经过十多年的发展，公司&四新&牌消泡剂产品已形成六大系列60多个品种，广泛应用于石油开采与加工、制浆造纸、纺织印染、建筑涂料、医药、发酵、洗涤、机械加工、污水处理等领域。

Generally the competitiveness, that is, the competence to transfer the relatively high cost and the profits of the oil-refining, the petrochemical and the down-stream processing industries will gradually go down while they are approaching the end-use customers, in which the petrochemical industry bridges the processing chain.

高油价对整个下游产业链都有着显著的影响。石油炼制、石油化工和下游加工行业应对高油价的能力，将随着与最终用户的不断接近而降低。

Prohibitions on the reprocessing of spent fuel from nuclear power plants, building more pipelines to carry oil and natural gas, reviewing all public lands to determine whether they should be open to energy development, giving the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission the power to take private land to build electricity transmission lines, and increasing subsidies to the coal, oil, and gas industries.

禁止再加工乏燃料的核电厂，建管线进行石油、天然气、检讨公地，以决定应否开放能源开发，使联邦能源管理委员会有权采取私有土地兴建输电线路、增加补贴的煤炭、石油和天然气工业。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。