瓢虫科

Consideration on various grounds has led to the inclusion of three new species ofladybeetles in the Coccinellidae fascicle of the Economic Series of the Chinese InsectFauna, now going to the press.

由于不同的原因，弯斑瓢虫，纵条瓢虫(C.longifasciata)和隐斑瓢虫三个新种被认为应当包括在即将付印的《中国经济昆虫志：瓢虫科》一书中。

The evolutionary relationships were investgated by comparing the results from molecular data alone or molecular data combined morphological characters using different analysis methods: maximum parsimony by PAUP(superscript *) 4.0 and Bayesian inference by MrBayes 3.0B4. Base composition and ti/tv of 28S rDNA D2 regions were analyzed by PAUP(superscript *) 4.0. The results showed that GC content of the 28S rDNA D2 gene sequences of subfamily Euphorinae ranges from 40.00% to 49.25%. Transversion frequency of sequence variable sites among species of Euphorinae was higher than that of transition. The subfamily Euphorinae was proved to be a paraphyletic group with close relationship to subfamilies Neoneurinae and Cenocoelinae; only two tribes, Meterorini and Microctonini, were proved to be monophyletic groups; Centistini, Cosmophorini, Euphorini and Dinocampini were paraphyletic groups; the basal position of tribe Meterorini within Euphorinae was partially supported by our phylogenetic trees, and tribe Microctonini was proved to be a group at the top of the trees.

结果表明：优茧蜂亚科的28S rDNA D2基因序列片段的GC%含量在40.00%~49.25%之间变动，而对于碱基替代情况来讲，优茧蜂亚科各个成员间序列变异位点上颠换大于转换；不同的分析和算法所产生的系统发育树都表明目前根据形态定义出的优茧蜂亚科Euphorinae不是一个单系群，而是一个与蚁茧蜂亚科Neoneurinae和高腹茧蜂亚科Cenocoelinae混杂在一起的并系群；在优茧蜂亚科内部，悬茧蜂族Meterorini和食甲茧蜂族Microctonini（排除猎户茧蜂属Orionis）为单系群，而宽鞘茧蜂族Centistini、大颚茧蜂族Cosmophorini、优茧蜂族Euphorini、瓢虫茧蜂族Dinocampini为并系群；悬茧蜂族Meterorini在优茧蜂亚科Euphorinae内位于基部位置的观点得到部分的支持，同时食甲茧蜂族Microctonini被判定为相对进化的类群。

There are a total of 34,782 individuals belonging to 15 orders, 102 families were found in this study. And the dominant groups among them were Myriapoda、Lycosidae、Miridae、Delphacidae、Cicadellidae、Aphidoidea、Margarodidae、Geometridae、Noctuidae、Olethreutidae、Braconidae、Chrysopidae、Coccinellidae.

调查共发现节肢动物个体34782个，分属3纲、15目、102科，其中优势类群主要是多足纲、蛛形纲狼蛛科、半翅目异翅亚目的盲蝽科，同翅目的飞虱科、叶蝉科、蚜科、蚧科，鳞翅目的尺蛾科、夜蛾科、小卷蛾科，膜翅目的小茧蜂科、小蜂总科，脉翅目草蛉科、鞘翅目瓢虫科。

Predatory ladybirds and Carabidae, parasitic wasps, spiders are the dominant species.2. Dynamics of insect pests community.

天敌涉及2纲8目12科，16种，主要是蜘蛛、鞘翅目的捕食性步甲和瓢虫及寄生蜂。2。

Any of numerous small, rounded, usually brightly colored beetles of the family Coccinellidae, often reddish with black spots and feeding primarily on insect pests, such as scale insects and aphids.

瓢虫任一种小而圆的通常具有鲜艳色彩的瓢虫科的甲虫，体常呈红色并带有黑色斑点，主要以介壳虫和蚜虫等害虫为食

Natural resources, pest and 2 Class 7 orders, 30 families of 96 to ladybird, red eyes peaks, such as flowers Pentatomidae found.

害虫天敌资源有2纲7目30科96种，以瓢虫、赤眼峰、小花蝽等多见。

70S in the 20th century the lower reaches of the Yellow River has started to move with helping to control the cotton and wheat aphid, 90 during the beginning of artificial propagation, and for the production.

七星瓢虫是鞘翅目瓢虫科的捕食性天敌昆虫，在我国各地广泛分布。20世纪70年代在黄河下游已开始用助迁法防治棉花和小麦蚜虫，90年代开始人工繁殖，并用于生产。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。