猎物

De Blacas, I must change your armorial bearings; I will give you an eagle with outstretched wings, holding in its claws a prey which tries in vain to escape, and bearing this device--Tenax.

我让你猜一谜，有一只展开双翅的老鹰，它的脚爪抓住了一只猎物，这个猎物想逃跑，但又逃不了，它的名字就叫做――Tenax［拉丁文：固执］。

First a corn snake bites the prey in order to obtain a firm grip, then it quickly wraps one or more coils of its body around the victim. The snake squeezes tightly until it suffocates the prey.

首先玉米蛇利用口器牢固地咬住猎物，然后利用自身细长的身体迅速将猎物缠绕几圈，同时身体进行强而有利的收缩，直到猎物窒息而死。

There is a long and long tongue in the mouth of the frog, very red, there is sticky liquid on the tongue, whenever it discovers a find, long and long the countermarch is one 蹬, once the body jump but rise, eyes take aim at a find, once the tongue stretch, gluing a find a while, then again book enter to taste slowly in mouth.

青蛙的嘴巴里有一根长长的舌头，红红的，舌头上有黏液，每当它发现猎物时，长长的后退一蹬，身体一跃而起，眼睛瞄准猎物，舌头一伸，一下子就把猎物粘住了，然后再卷进嘴里慢慢地品尝。

The time and frequency of the polecat searching different preys and burrows were nearly the same. The polecat attacked virtually all prey offered and thus exhibited opportunistic foraging behaviour. However, it did not captured all prey with equal sequence. It first captured the zokor, then the pika and last for the root vole. In addition to using the typical musteline killing method of biting the nape of the neck, the polecat evolved a variety of killing methods suited to a range of prey types depending on the activity, size and anti-predation ability of prey. The zokor was bitten on the head, whereas the pika was killed by bites to the head or throat and the root vole was killed by bites to the head or chest. The time polecats pursued the root vole was the longest, followed by that used in pursuing the pika and the zokor.

实验结果表明：艾虎对三种猎物的搜寻时间和搜寻频次基本一致，在搜寻猎物的过程中并非已知洞道系统中所存在的食物信息，是一种机会主义的捕食者；艾虎除了具有典型鼬科动物捕杀猎物的方法外，能够根据猎物的大小、活动性和反捕食能力采用不同的捕杀方法，在捕杀猎物的过程中首先捕杀高原鼢鼠，其致死部位全部为头部，其次捕杀高原鼠兔，其致死部位除了头部外，明显增加了颈部的比例，最后捕杀根田鼠，其致死部位主要是头部和胸部；艾虎在捕杀猎物的过程中，追击根田鼠的时间最多，追击鼢鼠的时间最少，而用于捕杀根田鼠的时间最少，用于捕杀鼢鼠的时间最多，艾虎捕杀高原鼠兔后单位时间内获得的能量值最大，其次为捕杀高原鼢鼠，而捕杀根田鼠后单位时间内活动的能量值最小。

However, the time of the polecat used to kill prey was reversed for the three prey species. So the polecat depended on its prey handling time and behaviours of prey to select the prey and get the largest net food value.

因此，在室内条件下艾虎对猎物的选择性主要依赖于其本身处理猎物的行为时间分配和猎物的反捕食行为，使单位时间内获得的能量值最大[动物学报 52(3)：437-443，2006]。

Prey selection and foraging behaviour of the steppe polecat Mustela eversmanni were investigated with plateau zokors Myospalax baileyi, plateau pikas Ochotona curzoniae and root voles Mirotus oeconomus offered as preys for paired comparisons in the laboratory.

在室内条件下，将高原鼢鼠、高原鼠兔和根田鼠作为艾虎的猎物选择对象，研究艾虎对猎物的选择性及艾虎捕杀猎物的行为时间分配。

The jaguar may suffer from declining prey populations caused by humans because of predator/prey relationships in Neotropical environments and jaguar dependence on Neotropical prey species.

在新热带界环境中，美洲虎由于依赖特定猎物而较大程度地受到人类引起的猎物种群下降之影响，但美洲狮由于可以偏向利用小型猎物或猎物多样化而得到补偿，从而能更好地适应人类的影响。

We also conclude that the equilibrium of the prey population will be enlarged due to the Allee effect of the predator, but the Allee effects of the prey may decrease the equilibrium value of the predator, or that of both the predator and prey.

如果捕食者受Allee效应的影响，则猎物种群在平衡点的密度将增大；但是猎物的Allee效应将同时减小捕食者和猎物在平衡点的密度，或者减少捕食者在平衡点的密度。

Anacondas are usually coiled up in a murky, shallow pool or at the river's edge. They wait to ambush their unsuspecting prey when they come down for a drink. Anacondas bite their prey with their sharp teeth, hold on with their powerful jaws and pull them under water. The victim may drown first or it may be squeezed to death in the Anaconda's muscular coils.

水蚺经常盘绕着待在浅水区和河岸边，等着埋伏那些粗心大意的猎物来喝水，它们用锋利的牙齿咬住猎物再用强有力的下颚咬紧并将其拉进水中，猎物会迅速溺死，或被水蚺强壮的身躯绞死。

The teeth of these fleet-footed predators are too small to use as daggers for large kill, but the cats have strong jaws that lock around the throat of prey until the victim stops breathing.

作为世界上奔跑最快的动物，它的牙齿还太小，不足以刺杀大猎物，但是这只猫科动物的利爪足以将猎物的喉勒住，直到猎物窒息。

Methods: Five patients with parkinsonism or dystonia were assigned to general anesthesia using an modified endotracheal tube.

本实验依照人体实验之相关规定进行，五位患有帕金森氏症或肌张力异常的病人接受神经立体定位手术。

If you can benefit from this book, it is our honour.

如果您能从本书获益，这将是我们的荣幸。