物理过程

The hydraulics are many more abstract concepts, such as water down on the physical process Flash animation can be used to form the wall with time changes, Piezometric head with time changes, pressurized pipe flow direction using flash animation shows, to reflect the vertical bisector and angle bisector of the rich multimedia features of the form can abstract mathematical concept into accommodation acceptable to the visual form.

在水力学中有许多较为抽象的概念，如水击的物理过程，可以用FLASH动画的形式将管壁随时间的变化过程，测压管水头随时间的变化过程，有压管中的水流方向用flash动画表现出来，以体现垂直平分线和角平分线的特点多媒体丰富的表现形式能使抽象的数学概念变为学生容易接受的直观形式。

The hydraulics are many more abstract concepts, such as water down on the physical process Flash animation can be used to form the wall with time changes, Piezometric head with the time change, pressurized pipe flow direction using flash animation shows, to demonstrate vertical bisector and angle bisector of the rich multimedia features of the forms make an abstract mathematical concept into accommodation acceptable to the visual form.

在水力学中有许多较为抽象的概念，如水击的物理过程，可以用FLASH动画的形式将管壁随时间的变化过程，测压管水头随时间的变化过程，有压管中的水流方向用flash动画表现出来，以体现垂直平分线和角平分线的特点多媒体丰富的表现形式能使抽象的数学概念变为学生容易接受的直观形式。

Detailed contents are given as follows:(1)In views of the x-ray laser target chamber on the SG-II high-power laser facility and the experimentally physical demands, the key influencing factors, such as the elliptical eccentricity and the spectral detection angle, on the angular dispersion, the spectral resolution,and the photometric parameter were studied by the elliptical self-focusing geometric principle. In order to increase the spectral and spatial resolution, using ray tracing code and optical path function, optimization calculation was carried out for an elliptical crystal spectrometer.

进一步以此为核心开发出了一种新型的X射线测量与诊断系统，取得了一些新的科研成果，可为王王淦淦昌昌院士、王大珩院士二老倡导研制成的用于国防科研、激光惯性约束聚变、强激光与物质相互作用、X射线激光等物理研究的大型钕玻璃高功率"神光II"激光装置上的物理实验提供更有效的诊断X射线谱手段，扩充了其应用范围，也对激光等离子体辐射keV以上能区段的X光发射和吸收的原子物理过程与机制、占据动力学、谱形态结构等方面做了深入一步的理论和实验研究。

Groundwater, which enters soil aerial zone through capillary rise, directly affects many surface processes including the physical process of material and energy transformation and the biological process of crop development and growth, as far as all the local agro-ecosystem.

地下水通过毛管上升进入土壤包气带，直接作用于地表过程的各个方面：物质能量转化分配的物理过程和作物生长发育的生物过程的各个方面，从而对当地农业生态产生影响。

If accounts of sensation and thought require the postulation of mental properties, what is the bearing of these properties on physical processes, in particular on those physical processes that underlie intelligent action?

如果感觉和思想的说明必须设定精神属性，那么是什么负担这些属性对物理过程的作用，特别是支持智性行为的物理过程？

In the paper, a back commutation mathematical model based on heat restrike is built according to the interrupting process. Solving differential equations for the mass, momentum and heat balance, the back commutation of low voltage current limiting circuit breaker is simulated.

根据实际开断物理过程，建立了以热击穿为主的背后击穿物理模型，运用气流场，结合热场、磁场与电流分布，计算模拟了低压限流断路器在开断过程中电弧运动状况与背后击穿现象。

The main creating aspects are finding and clarify such a fundamental physical process that the grain boundaries emit vacancies under compressive stress to induce solute non-equilibrium grain boundary dilution and absorb vacancies under tensile stress to induce non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation, formulizing the structural equations and the composition equations in force equilibrium in grain bounary region to describe this physical processes and the kinetic equations for non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation under tensile stress, calculating the modulus in grain boundary region from the expermental data of grain bounday segregation using the structure and coposition equations and calculating the diffusion coefficients of vacancy-solute atom complexes using the kinetic equation simulating the experimental results of grain boundary segregation.

本项目的主要创新点是，发现并阐明了弹性应力场作用下空位与晶界交互作用的基本物理过程：在张应力作用下，晶界会吸收空位，引起溶质非平衡晶界偏聚；压应力作用下，晶界会发射空位，引起非平衡晶界贫化。建立了描述此物理过程的晶界区力学平衡的结构方程和成分方程；？建立了张应力引起的非平衡晶界偏聚动力学方程？；用晶界区力学平衡的结构方程和成分方程？，首次通过实验测量计算出多晶材料晶界区的弹性模量；通过建立的动力学方程模拟实验结果，首次获得溶质原子－空位形成的复合体的扩散系数。

During plasma-arc keyhole welding, the physical process of keyhole effect and that of weld electric arc condition and influence each other.

小孔效应&的物理过程与电弧物理过程相互制约、相互影响，对电弧信息的分析可以清楚的掌握&小孔效应的变化规律。

It may be necessary that boiling is the particular physical process with which the explanation identifies it, but if so, it is clearly necessary a posteriori.

沸腾是特定的物理过程（这个解释把它和这个物理过程取为同一）'这可以是必然的，但如果这样，显然是后天必然的。

In order to describe in detail the structure of mesoscale atmosphere circulation and its evolution, symmetry theory are extensively used in the past fifty years. A large number of wind tunnel and water tank experiments are practiced to reshow the physical process that often appear in the atmosphere and, to some extent, successfully explain many atmsophere circulation characters in surface layer. But because of the planetary reflection and small Re number deformation, these physical experiments can' t represent real conditions of the atmosphere, they also can' t distinct viscous boundary layer separation and non-viscous dynamical separation as well as show the circulation response to surface diurnal heating.

为了详细描述复杂地形区域大气中尺度环流的结构和特征，过去50年来人们广泛采用相似理论，利用风洞和水槽实验再现大气中的物理过程，并在一定程度上成功地给出了大气近地层的一些环流特征，然而由于边界层反射和小Re数形变作用的影响，物理实验的结果并不能真实地再现大气中的实际状况，尤其是不能正确区别边界粘性分离流场和大气非粘性动力分离气流，环流场对地形下垫面日周期热强迫的响应过程也难以再现。

Objective: To study the effect of polycythemia on blood oxygen saturation.

裴蕾目的：观察RBC剧增而引起的高粘血症对血氧饱和度的影响。

Based on SIMPLER algorithm in the curvilinear body-fitted coordinates, the calculations were performed for Pr=0.7, Re=10~1000 on non-orthogonal non-staggered grids which are generated by elliptic equation systems.

采用曲线坐标系下压力与速度耦合的SIMPLER算法，数值研究了周期性渐扩渐缩波纹通道内脉动流动与换热情况，流动Re数的范围为10~1000，Pr数为0.7。