洪泛的

It is proved that this new broadcast algorithm can resolve the problem of broadcast storm that may be caused by the broadcast based on flooding algorithm more efficiently than other algorithms.

并证明了新的广播算法与已有算法相比能够更加有效地解决网络采用洪泛方式进行广播时所可能产生的广播风暴问题。

However,without effective control mechanisms,flooding will result in large a mount of duplicate messages and decrease the throughput of the network,which is called the broadcast storm problem.

无控制的洪泛会带来大量重复消息，大大降低网络的吞吐率，称为广播风暴问题。

To avoid a large volume of unnecessary network traffic, the broadcast algorithm based on connected dominating set can decrease the redundant messages by reducing the forwarding nodes.

为了避免由洪泛搜索方法引起的大量网络流量问题，基于连通支配集的广播算法BCDS通过减少转发节点来减少查询消息数。

This paper discusses the important role of flooding on flood plain areas, and analyses the PRED problem in floodplain areas in China.

本文论述了洪泛作用对洪泛区的景观维系和水资源可持续利用的重要意义及我国洪泛区可持续发展面临的主要问题。

Secondly, by establishing a discrete time Markov model with spatial reuse for a MANET, we analyze the performance of the network under the AODV routing protocol. The average route length and the probability to communicate within a limited hop distance are obtained. Several performance parameters of the route discovery and route maintain process are analytically studied, such as the probability generating function and the expectation of the flooding distabce. the probability that a route is discovered by a query packet with a "hop limit", the probability that a request packet finds a valid route, the average time needed to discover a valid route and the cost to successfully route a data packet to its destination. Furthermore, we present a concrete example based on the transmitter characteristic of directional antennas and obtain the corresponding results.

建立了移动自组网络空间可重用的离散时间马氏链模型，得到了AODV路由协议下网络任意两节点间的平均路由长度、在指定"跳限"要求下通信的概率；对随选型路由协议下路由发现和路由维护过程中若干网络性能参数进行了解析分析，如网络中任意两节点问的泛洪距离的概率母函数及其期望、限定泛洪步数时成功寻路的概率、发现一条有效路由的平均时间、成功路由的代价等；并基于定向天线的发射特征给出了一个具体实例，分析计算了相应的网络性能参数。

The dissertation includes the work as follows: Firstly, we present a random graph model with spatial reuse for a dense MANET which using directional antennas. The analytic formula of several important performance parameters for the MANET are obtained under the DSR routing protocol, such as the average flooding distance, the probability generating function of the flooding distance, the probability of a flooding route to be symmetrically valid, the average time to find a symmetrically valid route and the cost to successfully route a data packet to its destination. We compare the two models with spatial reuse and without spatial reuse by evaluating these parameters. It is shown that the spatial reuse model is much more effcctive in terms of the performance of the dense network with directional antenna, because the bigger is the degree of spatial reuse, the smaller is the average flooding distance.

在定向天线技术的支持下，建立了移动自组网络空间可重用的贝努利随机图模型，获得了DSR路由协议下平均泛洪距离的解析公式和泛洪距离的概率母函数：给出了有效对称路由概率、发现有效路由平均时间、成功路由代价等关键性能参数的解析分析；在网络性能参数定量分析的基础上，对空间可重用和无重用的网络进行了比较分析，结果显示空间重用度增大，则平均泛洪距离、路由发现时延、网络代价减少。

Synthetic Aperture Radar is the more ideal remote sensing tool to survey the range of flood area;SPOT image data is applied to land use classification.It arranges two kinds data and computes the total area and the land use type of flood zone,and excepts to bring humanistic,social and economic data into the flood management system.It can help the operation and development of flood disaster prevention system.

合成孔径雷达为测绘洪水区域范围较为理想可行的遥测工具；而SPOT卫星影像资料则是应用于土地利用分类上，以GIS整合两种资料并计算出洪泛区域之总面积及其土地利用形态，期能将人文、社会及经济等资料纳入洪水管理体系之发展，有助于水利防灾整套系统之运作。

Through constructing hierarchical structure, CBMRP employs hybrid routing strategy and forwarding structure, which greatly limits the scope and number of floodings as well as accelerates searching for routes.

CBMRP通过建立簇结构，限制了洪泛的范围，加快了路由查找的速度；使用混合的路由策略和转发结构，有效地结合了主动和按需路由、树状和格网转发结构的优点。

From 602 BC to 1946, there were 1593 water bursts and 26 major changes of riverways on the middle and lower reaches.

黄河自古多洪泛，从公元前602年到1946年，黄河中下游干流基本上是&两年一决口，百年一改道&（决口泛滥1593次，较大的改道为26次），成为淤造黄淮海平原的中坚力量

Now, I have been looking at breakthroughs and here's a quote for you,"Great breakthroughs are closer to what happens in a flood plain."

目前，我一直在关注这一突破，在此借用一句话送给大家：&重大的突破更像是洪泛平原的产生。&

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。