水准面

With the rapid development of satellite observations, we can use the altimetry geoid to study submarine tectonics and geodynamics.

由于卫星观测技术的发展，现在已能利用测高大地水准面简捷可靠地研究海底构造与动力问题。

This project also solves the problem of combining satellite altimetry and oceanphysical data, which realizes the discerption of sea geoid and sea topography.

解决了在复杂的海洋动力模式下将卫星测高与海洋表层观测数据进行融合处理的问题，实现海洋大地水准面与海面地形的分离。

The results show: Firstly, at degree 120, cumulative geoid height error is at the level of 17.616 cm with the adjusted accuracy of center of mass designed as 0 m, and errors come to 18.106 cm, 19.033 cm and 27.329 cm with the adjusted accuracy designed as 5×10-5 m, 1×10-4 m and 5×10-4 m, respectively.

结果表明：第一，在120阶处，当质心调整精度设计为0 m，恢复累计大地水准面精度为17.616 cm；当质心调整精度分别设计为5×10-5 m、1×10-4 m和5×10-4 m时，恢复精度各自降低至18.106 cm、19.033 cm和27.329 cm。

Normal gravity equipotential surface is the ellipsoid, which is the standard surface.

正常的重力等位面是椭球面，也就是水准面。

Geoid is the equipotential surface that would be assumed by the sea surface in the absence of tides, water density variations, currents and atmospheric effects.

大地水准面指与平均海表面最接近的地球等势面，它反映了地球内部质量和密度分布的不均匀特性。

Geoid: The sea-level equipotential surface to which the direction of gravity is everywhere perpendicular.

大地水准面：重力方向处处铅垂的海水等位面。

Which coincide with the mean sea level surface is the geoid.

其中与平均海平面重合的面就是大地水准面。

Use multi-faceted function to be legitimate seems fitting to the geoid, get higher accuracy.

利用多面函数拟合法来拟合似大地水准面，可以获得较高的精度。

From 1973 to present, 8 satellites with 9 altimeters are launched, and many millions of altimetry measurements have been gathered and many characteristics of the sea surface have been investigated in these missions.

本文研究的主要目的和内容是系统地总结卫星测高技术的发展历史、应用及前景；制定测高数据的编辑准则和改善各种地球物理改正的精度；研究区域交叉点平差方法以进一步提高 Geosat 、 ERS-1和 ERS-2的径向轨道精度；完善由多种测高数据建立全球平均海面高模型的理论与方法，进而建立全球海面高模型；总结并研究利用测高数据恢复海洋重力场和分离海面地形的方法，确定中国海域的重力场；探讨海陆大地水准面拼接的问题，实现中国海陆大地水准面的拼接。

Historically, datums have been based on ellipsoids that best represent the geoid within the region the datum is intended to map.

历史上，大地基准面一般基于与制图区域大地水准面最接近的地球椭球面构建。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。