概率

At the same time this paper constructs the probabilistic model of output sequences of the editing generator, and takes careful analysis on its structure, then examines the homogeneous markovian property of output sequences' indexes expressed as the form of basal sequence, proves that the output sequence of the editing generator is homogeneous Markov chain, and then synthetically analyzes and studies the cryptography property of the editing generator.

同时本文通过分析"编辑生成器"产生序列的过程，建立了"编辑生成器"的概率模型，考查了以基础序列表示的输出序列下标的齐次马氏性，证明了"编辑生成器"输出序列是齐次马氏链，并给出了其一步转移概率矩阵与k步转移概率矩阵，然后对概率模型的输出序列的性质进行了综合的分析和研究。

In the meantime, a new relation between the coefficient of variation for a normal variate and its sample size is achieved, where the probability to make mistake Ⅱ is considered 5 The probability distribution of fatigue strength at given life under large sample size determined by a new method is found to follow the log-normal distribution and normal distribution, and a new method are developed to estimate the characteristic parameters of probability distribution of fatigue strength from the probability distribution of traditional tensile properties.

根据P-S-N曲线的要求，采用概率统计方法，导出了考虑犯Ⅱ类错误的概率时获取给定精度P-S-N曲线所需的最少子样容量，引入了不同方法获取的P-S-N曲线结果是否趋同的判别标准，得到了P-S-N曲线的寿命求解法和系数求解法获得趋同结果的条件。 5）研究了大子样条件下指定寿命时疲劳强度的概率分布，并提出了根据拉伸性能的分布估算材料疲劳强度概率分布参数的一种方法。

The output probability distribution of charge carrier multiplier structure from the electron multiplying charge-coupled device and its influence on image uniformity are studied. The probability model is established for the CCM structure of EMCCD. And based on the probability generating function and its properties, the probability distribution function of multiple CCM stages is deduced and its application in improving image uniformity is also discussed.

为了研究电子倍增电荷耦合器件中电荷载流子倍增结构的输出概率分布及其对图像均匀性的影响，建立了EMCCD中CCM结构的概率模型，利用概率生成函数推导了多级CCM倍增结构的输出概率密度函数，讨论了PDF在提高图像均匀性中的应用。

First, the physical meaning of the principle of preservation of probability is clarified, and the principle is then presented in terms of random event description and state space description, respectively.

文中首先剖析和澄清了概率守恒原理的物理意义，论述了概率守恒原理的随机事件描述和状态空间描述，并由此阐明了概率密度演化与系统物理演化的内在联系，即：系统的物理状态演化构成了概率密度演化的内在机制。

In probabilistic static security assessment, sequential and non-sequential Monte-Carlo sampling techniques are applied considering time varying parameter and constraints.

概率静态安全评估中，作为概率仿真算法的基础，首先建立了基于蒙特卡罗抽样的序贯和非序贯概率抽样算法，根据电力系统概率安全经济仿真不同分析模块有无时变参数和时变约束，讨论了两种仿真算法的适用性。

We also discuss the essence of probability, and point out that there are two kinds of probabilities. Objective probability is controlled by nature while subjective probability exists with subject.

作者探讨了概率的本质，指出概率有两种一种是自然界控制的客观概率，另一种是依赖于观测主体而存在的主观概率。

The subjects subjective probability of judgment /decision-making confidence is significantly higher than environmental objective probability, which shows overconfidence.

2总体而言，随着环境客观概率的提高，个体自信心的主观概率也随之提高；自信心的主观概率显著高于环境客观概率，表现出过分自信。

Research on spectrum line refractive index of triangular prism with spectrometer measuring;2. The amplitude spectrum line and the amplitude spectrum function are proposed for the airborne particle scattering light signal,and their properties are studied in probability space.

针对粒度仪标定的准确度，在概率空间基础上，提出了尘埃粒子散射光信号幅度概率谱线和散射光信号幅度概率谱函数的概念，并对谱线在概率空间下的性质进行了研究。

With unbiasedness proved,it analyzes precision,describles probability distribution model of successful match in serial image match,and gives the definition of SIM algorithm match probability.

并给出了成功匹配的概率分布模型，定义了序列图像匹配算法的匹配概率，通过实例分析了序列图像匹配算法的匹配概率、图像序列数、单幅匹配概率之间的定量关系，为实际图像匹配系统算法、序列数目的选择提供了重要的理论决策依据。

The simulation showed that without EMBr, the floating-up probability was nearly zero for the inclusions less than 50μm, and 6% for the inclusions larger than 200μm. With EMBr, the floating-up probability was 25% for the inclusions less than 50μm, and 38% for the inclusions larger than 200μm.

数值模拟表明，无电磁制动时，粒径在50μm以下的夹杂物颗粒其上浮概率几乎为零，200μm夹杂物颗粒上浮概率为6%；有电磁制动时，粒径在50μm以下的夹杂物颗粒的上浮概率为25%， 200μm夹杂物颗粒上浮概率为38%。

What are your goals and strategies for growth?

你的成长目标和策略是什么？

And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven irits of God, and the seven star I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.

3：1 你要写信给撒狄教会的使者，说，那有神的七灵和七星的，说，我知道你的行为，按名你是活的，其实是死的。