植物采集

Honey is a widely known natural food. Bees gathered the nectar in flowers and take it back, then process and condense it into this translucence, sticky and thick sweet liquid. It's a tough job to gather nectar. A bee can only get 20mg nectar per time. To get 1kg nectar, the worker bee need to fly 500,000-600,000 times and to produce 1kg honey, a worker bee needs to gather the nectar from 1500-1600 flowers. If a bee gathers nectar just in a place one kilometer away from its comb, then it needs to fly 3 kilometers to fulfill a honey bursa. And to produce 1kg honey, it needs to fly 360,000-450,000 kilometers, which equals to fly around the earth for 8.5-11 circles. So it's not exaggerated to say each drop of honey is a crystal of hard working.

蜂蜜是大家熟悉的天然食品，系蜜蜂采集植物花朵内的花蜜，带回巢内经酿制加工浓缩而成的半透明黏稠甜液，蜜蜂采花蜜工作非常辛苦，一只蜜蜂一次只能携品20毫克的花蜜，采集1公斤的花蜜，工蜂要飞行50-60万次，而生产1公克的蜂蜜，工蜂要采集约1500-1600朵花的花蜜，如果蜜蜂在离开蜂巢1公里的地方采集花蜜，每采满一个蜜囊，而要飞行3公里，制造1公斤的蜂蜜需飞行36-45万公里，等于绕地球8.5-11周，可见瓶中蜜滴滴皆辛苦。

By collecting ,testing, comparing, and analyzing the soil samples, soil recovery under the various recovery conditions along Mian CountyNingqiang highway was studied. The results were as follows herbaceous recovery to the soil fertility recovery in the prior was greater than the combination of grass and irrigation or than the pure bushes recovery. In each of them, the content of organic matter were 13.84, 7.50, 6.00 g·kg-1; In the recovery of herbaceous ecology, to grow leguminous plant and granminaceous plant together was better than pure graninaceous plant or pure leguminous plant. In each of them, the content of organic matter was 29.67, 17.51, 9.37 g·kg-1; to sow ryegrass and alfalfa together with some local grass seeds or to grow coxcomb, alfalfa and local couch grass together could bring better effects than to plant the alfalfa only. In each of them the increased organic matter contents were 4.93,17.51 and 9.37 g·kg-1;the quotas of the organic matter and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen in soil fetility factor were closely connected, mainly because of the difference between the generation quantity and resolution quantity of the organic matter in the soil surface.

采集土壤样品，经室内分析化验，用对比分析的方法对勉县至宁强高速公路生态恢复中不同恢复类型条件下的土壤恢复进行了研究，结果表明草本恢复类型对前期土壤肥力的恢复作用大于草灌结合，并大于单纯灌木恢复类型，其中有机质含量分别为13.84、7.50和6.00 g·kg-1；在草本生态恢复类型中，豆科植物与禾本科植物混播恢复类型大于禾本科植物恢复类型的作用，并大于单纯豆科植物恢复类型的作用，其中有机质含量分别为29.67、17.51和9.37 g·kg-1；黑麦草与苜蓿混播并有当地草种入侵以及小冠花与苜蓿混播并播入当地草种羊茅，明显优于纯苜蓿单播，其中有机质含量分别增加了4.93和3.32 g·kg-1；土壤肥力因子中有机质与碱解氮两个指标有较好的相关性，主要与土壤表层有机质的生成量和分解量之差有关。

Plant of the orchid family because commercial value is high and those who cause hill civilian and lover is excessive collect with manage, the one; that makes the main reason that orchid species is in severe danger on the other hand, because factitious development is a mountainous area, if give birth to the fell trees of selva to wait formerly, the destruction that causes zoology environment; is belonged to plus plant of the orchid family, planted distributinging belt is narrow, reach its oneself is progenitive and not easy, to living the environment asks to compare other plant slashing, make it becomes world biology to protect one of centers that organize an attention.

兰科植物由于商业价值高而引起山民和爱好者的过度采集与经营，成为兰花物种濒危的主要原因之一；另一方面，由于人为的开发山区，如原生热带雨林的砍伐等，引起生态环境的破坏；再加上兰科植物属、种的分布带狭窄，及其自身繁殖不易，对生存环境要求比其他植物苛刻，就使它成为世界生物保护组织注重的中心之一。

Jackie and Whitey are classmates of the third year in a senior vocational high school.

小杰和小白是高职3年级的应届毕业生，对植物采集颇有兴趣，於是相约前往标本馆参观。

A total of 101 honey samples that originated from 20 different unifloral honey and other multifloral honey samples were collected from China. FT-NIR spectrometer were applied to determinate the content of fructose and glucose of honey with two different modes: transflectance (800-2500 nm, 2 mm optical path length) and transmittance (800-1370 nm, 20 mm optical path length).

采集了来自全国20种单植物源和其它多植物源的101份的蜂蜜样品，分别运用傅立叶型近红外光谱仪采用光纤透反射（800~2500nm，2mm光程）和透射（800~1370nm，20mm光程）采集方式获得近红外光谱，来预测蜂蜜中结构和含量都很相近的果糖和葡萄糖含量。

Difference Analysis and Optimization Study for Determination of Fructose and Glucose by Near Infrared SpectroscopyTU Zhen-Hua,ZHU Da-Zhou,JI Bao-Ping,MENG Chao-Ying,WANG Lin-Ge,QING Zhao-Shen*(College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083)(National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture,Beijing 100097)(College of Information and Electrical Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083)Abstract A total of 101 honey samples that originated from 20 different unifloral honey and other multifloral honey samples were collected from China.

采集了来自全国20种单植物源和其它多植物源的101份的蜂蜜样品，分别运用傅立叶型近红外光谱仪采用光纤透反射（800~2500 nm，2 mm光程）和透射（800~1370 nm，20 mm光程）采集方式获得近红外光谱，来预测蜂蜜中结构和含量都很相近的果糖和葡萄糖含量

That was the name apothecaries gave to the activity of collecting plants that time and tradition had shown possessed useful medical properties.

但很少有人还记得制药工业起源于古代植物采集的技术。

IT IS easy to forget that the pharmaceutical industry has its roots in the ancient art of botanising.

通过药剂学家在长年累月的药用植物采集过程中逐渐了解药物的特性，才有了今天的制药工业。

And a large variety of plants in the virgin forest provide good advantage of natural environment for Mang People.

在长期的采集生活过程中，莽人认知了不同植物的生长周期、性质，以及在不同季节和时间里应采集什么样的植物。

The students can grasp the methods and skills of using the microscope, cutting into slices bare-handed, loading slice, dying, biological drawing, know the basic knowledge and skill of observing, dissecting, describing, searching, determining of plants, etc.

通过本课程的教学使学生掌握显微镜的使用及徒手切片、装片、染色、生物绘图等方法和技术；掌握观察、解剖、描述、检索、鉴定植物的基本知识和技能，学习采集、制作植物标本的方法，了解植物生态、群落的一般知识及植物在生态系统中的地位和作用；通过实验使学生进一步理解掌握理论知识，了解国内外植物学实验的新技术、新方法。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。