栅栏细胞

During the process of long-time adaptive evolution, wetland plants adopted a series of special strategies to acclimate to salt stress. The main strategies are: 1 life history adjustment, e. g., to adjust seed germination time, implement seed dormancy and viviparity, and change reproductive manner to escape from direct salt stress, 2 morphological adjustment, e. g., to adjust biomass allocation pattern, age stem, defoliate, and carnify vegetative organs to isolate the redundant Na(superscript +) to the inactive-metabolism shoots or exclude the Na(superscript +)from tissues; 3 anatomic adjustment, e. g., to sink stoma, develop aerenchyma, and thicken cuticle and phellogen to maintain normal photosynthesis and respiration; 4 physiological and biochemical adjustment, e. g., to exclude and excrete salt, compartmentalize ions, adjust osmosis, do selective absorption, regulate hormones, and induce antioxidative enzymes to maintain the osmotic equilibrium and eliminate the active oxygen in cell; and 5 molecular level adjustment, e. g., to start up many salt-induced genes to regulate the metabolic responses to salt stress.

在长期的适应进化过程中，湿地植物形成了多种适应盐胁迫的策略，主要有：1生活史方面，植物可通过种子萌发时间的调整、种子体眠、胎生、繁殖方式的改变等逃避盐度的直接伤害；2形态学方面，植物可通过生物量分配模式的调整、茎的老化、落叶及营养器官的肉质化等将多余的Na隔离到代谢不活跃的茎中或将其排出体外；3解剖学方面，植物可通过气孔下陷、发达的通气组织、增加细胞木栓层、角质层及栅栏组织的厚度等以维持植物正常的光合作用和呼吸作用；4生理生化方面，植物可通过离子区隔化、拒盐、泌盐、选择性吸收、渗透调节、激素调节及抗氧化物酶的诱导等来维持细胞内正常的渗透压，清除胞内活性氧分子；5分子水平方面，植物可通过多种与盐胁迫相关的基因来调控细胞内的多种代谢反应。

The results showed that the main difference between two types of pea occurred in endocarp and the parchment formed at early development stage of pod.

在硬荚豌豆中，花后10d紧邻内皮层细胞的3～4层细胞逐渐伸长，细胞壁加厚，形成栅栏状的结构，在花后13d时形成厚壁细胞排列紧密的厚壁组织，即坚实的革质膜。

The results showed that exogenous substances could promote the upper leaf area increase, and accommodated the thickness of palisade tissues, spongy tissues and the cell density of palisade tissues dynamic changes, and decreased leaf thickness, loosen the tissue, and increased the potassium content, while reduced nicotine content.

结果表明，外源物质可促进上部叶面积增大，调节叶片栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度和栅栏组织细胞密度的动态变化，促使叶片厚度降低，组织变得较为疏松，促进钾素含量提高和烟碱含量降低。

There were different leaves structure between resistant and susceptible cultivars, the leaves structure studied included thickness of leaves, No.of palisade tissue, density of palisade tissue, thickness of the first line palisade cell, thickness of the second line palisade cell, density of inter-epidermal cell and density of exter-epidermal cell.

对大豆灰斑病抗病品种和感病品种的叶片组织结构，主要包括栅栏组织层数、栅栏组织密度、上下表皮细胞密度、蜡质含量及叶比重等，进行了比较研究。

Considering other differences that in leaves of Podocarpus there are three resin ducts under vascular bundle of midrib, mesophyll cells are differentiated into palisade tissue and sponge tissue; in leaves of Nageia, there is only one resin duct under vascular bundle in each vein and no obvious differentiation in mesophyll cells, palisade tissue can be found on both sides, and sclereids can also be found in mesophyll tissue.

结合罗汉松属植物主脉维管束下面有3个树脂道，叶肉分化为栅栏组织和海绵组织，而竹柏属植物每个叶脉维管束下面有1个树脂道，叶肉分化不明显，两面都有栅栏组织，叶肉中还具有大量石细胞等特征，认为罗汉松属和竹柏属在叶脉、叶形态和结构方面存在明显差异，2个属分开是比较合理的。

Excessive O(superscript – subscript 2) could lead to the damage of cytomembrane, and as a result, the cytomembrane permeability was increase finally. On the other hand, the two kinds of weedicide could damage cell construct, expand cell interspaces, and shrink the guard cell.

灭狼毒"和"灭棘豆都可以使狼毒和棘豆叶片栅栏组织排列呈疏松变化趋势，细胞间隙增大，叶肉细胞结构破坏，形成大的空腔；保卫细胞萎缩，气孔下腔增大。

The cells at the edge of the basaloid islands tended to show palisading arrangement. Squamous epithelium on the surface of tumor often accompanied with carcinoma in situ or superficial invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Occasionally cancer nets were connected with basement layer of squamous epithelium laying in the surface, and rare squamous cells or glandlike structures were seen in the cancer nests.

但BSC癌细胞分化较低异型性较强，癌巢周围细胞呈栅栏状排列，肿瘤表面鳞状上皮常伴发原位癌或浅表浸润性鳞状细胞癌；偶见癌巢与表面鳞状上皮基底层相连、或偶见癌巢内形成鳞状细胞，或腺管样结构，这些与ACC不同。

SCs divided and proliferated in three-dimensional fashion, demonstrating long olivary, triangular or long fusiform shape with obvious prominence. Furthermore, The SCs connected end-to-end with each other or aligned in clusters and the protein granules secreted on cellular surface were also showed.

雪旺细胞分裂增殖呈三维生长，细胞形态多为长梭形，纺锤形或长三角形，突起显著，细胞呈端对端的相互连接或排列成束状或栅栏状，细胞表面蛋白颗粒分泌良好。

The expression pattern of Triae;CYCD2;1 was analyzed by RNA blot hybridization and in situ hybridization , the results revealed that Triae;CYCD2;1 expression is associated with the proliferation tissues, particularly in meristems and leaf primordia.

组织切片结果显示35S：：Triae；CYCD2；1转基因拟南芥叶片的栅栏组织和海绵组织分化不明显，多数细胞排列已不规则，茎表皮下多层细胞明显变短，苗端分生组织明显增大且具有较多未分化的小细胞。

Different from other two plants, there are red materials in upper epidermis of leaves of the A. mono living in Baicheng and Changchun. The red materials may relate to the secretion of salt. In A. mono living in Baicheng ,there exist palisade parenchyma with 2 layers cells.

白城地区的色木槭叶片主脉无花环状的韧皮纤维，白城和长春色木槭均有红色物质从叶片上表皮溢出，与另两种植物不同，这种物质可能与盐分的分泌有关，白城地区的色木槭叶的栅栏组织由两层细胞构成，而长春的色木槭则为一层栅栏组织。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。