栅栏细胞

Palisade mesophyll : on the upper side of leaf, closely packed, contains many chloroplasts.

栅栏叶肉组织：在叶的上层，细胞紧密排列，含有许多叶绿体。

And with decrease in light intensity,the shape of palisade mesophyllchanged from column into invert pyramid.The higher proportion of granum thylakoid,more granum in one ganum thylakoid and lower ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll bwere also the responses of leaves to shading.

在庇荫环境中，栅栏组织薄壁细胞由全光的柱状变成倒锥形、叶绿素a/b率显著降低、叶绿体中基粒类囊体所占的比例提高、每个基粒类囊体垛的片层数量增加等，也是幼树提高叶片对弱光利用能力的主要标志。

As the changes of environment, the changes on the physiology structure can occur on different blades .The density of stem epidermis lenticel which lives on sunny slope in increasing, it is good for evaporating and exchanging gas.

从叶的形态解剖可知薄皮栓皮栎与厚皮栓皮栎，叶在在栅栏组织海绵组织的厚度，栅海比；维管束类型，机械组织发达程度；上下表皮细胞形态，垂周壁类型；气孔大小，上下表皮分布密度等方面均有明显差异。

The three species shared a few common features in the palisade-like epithelial cells, vascular supplies, and nectary openings. However, they showed some differences in longitudinal section and transectinal outline.

这3种植物花蜜腺的栅栏状表皮细胞、维管束和蜜腺开口方式相似，而从纵切面和横切面上观察其结构存在一些差异。

In an organ culture system under a three-dimensional microenvironment that provides the conditions needed for odontoblast differentiation, a row of odontoblasts can be induced Kikuchi et al.

牙胚器官培养的三维微环境可诱导形成栅栏状排列的成牙本质细胞。

There is similar palisade parenchyma under the epidemic cell, which is saline-alkali stress structure, which is adapt to the saline-alkali environment.

在表皮细胞下面出现了拟栅栏组织，增加了光合作用的能力，这代表了植物颉颃盐碱的演化结构。

Results The stomata,rang of palisade tissue in leaves and distribution of xylem fiber in stem had certain identity.

结果叶片气孔轴式、栅栏组织的排列、细胞内容物、茎中木纤维的分布具有一定的鉴别特征。

With increasing of salinity, there were no obvious difference in quantity and shape of chloroplast under SEM, but their location in palisade cells occurred change. All these changes made seedlings photosynthesis inhibited and growth stunted.

因此，盐胁迫下叶片栅栏组织厚度的下降、海绵组织中胞间隙的减少以及叶肉细胞中叶绿体的分布变化可能是导致植物光合效率下降和幼苗生长受阻的重要原因。

The results of observation on the microstructure of Karelinia caspica, Tamarix stromongolica, Salsola collina. Cheno Dodium glaucum, stipa bangenana show that the nutritional organs of these halophytes present some adaptability structures as follows:(1) sunken stomas, thick cuticle and orderly arrangement of epidermal cell;(2) equilateral leaves with developed palisade tissue, or squama-shaped leaf;(3) well-developed water-storing tissue in stems and leaves;(4) crystal cells, salt glands in most of the leaves and assimilating branches.

通过对花花柴、甘蒙怪柳、猪毛菜、灰绿藜、长芒草五种盐生植物显微结构观察，这五种盐生植物营养器官的形态结构均呈现一定的适应性特征：(1)气孔器下陷，角质层加厚，表皮细胞排列紧密而整齐；(2)多为等面叶，叶片栅栏组织发达，或退化为鳞片状，而具同化枝；(3)茎、叶多为肉质化，贮水组织发达；(4)具有含晶细胞，枝叶具盐腺。

Main conclusions are as follows:(1) changes of leaf morphological and anatomical structures with tree height:25 researched tree species exhibited xeromorphic structures at tree top,that is,toward tree top,leaves were with 1 increased cuticle thickness;2 developed palisade tissue and even double-palisade structure;3 densely arranged tissue cells;4 smaller cells;5 thicker epidermis,smaller and denser stomata;6 smaller and thicker leaf,great LMA value.

本文主要得出以下结论：(1)叶片结构随树高的变化：研究的25种树种表现为越往树顶处：1角质层越厚；2栅栏组织越发达，全栅特征越明显；3叶组织细胞排列越紧密；4叶肉细胞越小；5表皮层越厚，气孔越小而密、单叶的气孔总面积越小；6叶片越小而厚，LMA越大。

I smile at your play with that little bit of a broken twig.

我微笑着看你玩那一段小小的树枝。

They may be produced for almost any shaft angle.

他们可能在制作中几乎任何一个轴角。