染色体交叉

In diplotene the pairs of chromatids begin to separate from the tetrad formed by the association of homologous chromosomes. Chiasmata can often be seen at this stage.

双线期时，配对的染色单体开始从四分体中分离，此时常可见染色体交叉。

We has discussed the mechanism of the trivalent synaptic adjustment,and it's important use to control the chiasmata and disjunction of the chromosomes.

本文对此三价体的联会调节机制及其对控制染色体交叉重组和染色体分离所起的重要作用进行了讨论。

In the heredity community renewal process, the paper uses one kind of new crossover operator——Improvement Order Crossover, the better solution two difficult problems both has been able to maintain the fine characteristic of father generation, does not destroy the sub-way which produces already in the most superior routing, and can guarantee when participation in the crossover two individual body is same, causes the genetic algorithms not to be able precociously to restrain in the partial optimal solution.

在应用遗传算法求解时，提出采用惩罚策略处理目标函数中对车辆容量的限制和客户对不同时间窗的需求约束，从而使目标解所对应的染色体能够根据违反约束的程度，具有不同大小的适应度；在遗传群体更新过程中，本文采用一种新型的交叉算子——改进的顺序交叉，更好的解决了既不破坏父代染色体中已产生的最优子路径，还能保证当参与交叉的两个个体相同时，遗传算法不会早熟收敛于局部最优解的两个难题。

The first stage of meiosis, constituted by a series of events that include DNA replication, the synapsis of homologous chromosomes, crossing over, the formation of chiasmata, and contraction of the chromosomes.

前期阶减数分裂的第一个阶段，由一系列的事件组成，包括脱氧核糖核酸的复制，同种染色体结合、交叉，染色体形成以及染色体的收缩一套，一系列

The first stage of meiosis ,constituted by a series of events that include DNA replication,the synapsis of homologous chromosomes,crossing over,the formation of chiasmata,and contraction of the chromosomes.

前期阶减数分裂的第一个阶段，由一系列的事件组成，包括脱氧核糖核酸的复制，同种染色体结合、交叉，染色体形成以及染色体的收缩

Terminalization The movement of chiasmata to the end of the bivalent arms, a process that may occur during late prophase I of meiosis.

交叉移端：发生在第一次减数分裂后期，染色体交叉向二价体染色体臂的末端移动的过程。

In this paper,an improved genetic algorithm is proposed to overcome the shortage of early convergence and stagnation in the traditional genetic algorithm,which is based on unconvertible rate of crossover operator and mutation operator.Moreover,the user page interest measure threshold is introduced into the association rules mining.

针对传统遗传算法在提取关联规则问题时常采用固定染色体交叉概率和染色体变异概率，容易出现早熟、收敛速度较慢的问题，提出了改进的遗传算法，并在关联规则的提取中增加了用户页面兴趣度这一阈值，成功地运用到某商业网站服务器日志挖掘。

Secondly,proposed an new scheme that the double population genetic algorithm used the self-adaptable crossover operator and mutation operator according to the shortage of early convergence and stagnation in the traditional double population genetic algorithm based on unconvertible rate of crossover operator and mutation operator.

摘 要：介绍了图像关联规则的相关概念，描述了传统的双种群遗传算法的执行过程；针对采用固定染色体交叉概率和染色体变异概率容易出现早熟、收敛速度较慢等问题，设计出了能自适应调整的染色体交叉算子和变异算子。

The crossover operation in the traditional GA operating is that choose two chromosome cross only at random also you can cross a bit, match and cross partly, cross order and cross cycle etc.

传统GA算法中的交叉操作，是随机选取两个染色体进行单点交叉(也可以多点交叉、部分匹配交叉、顺序交叉和周期交叉等等)，但是不管是采用何种交叉操作，新的子代染色体某一基因位上的值都是由两个父代染色体中相应基因位值经过一定交叉运算(直接交换或经算术运算等)所得到的，采用这种交叉算子操作使群体经过多次迭代后群体中的个体开始出现极大的相似性，因此照此下去就会出现早期收敛现象，使得算法的收敛速度非常慢甚至只能求到问题的局部最优解。

The point of contact between paired chromatids during meiosis, resulting in a cross-shaped configuration and representing the cytological manifestation of crossing over.

染色体交叉在减数分裂过程中成对的染色体之间的接触点产生一种交叉形状的构造，代表着基因互相交换的细胞表现形式

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。