林下灌丛

Podsol The type of SOIL found under heathland and coniferous forests in temperate and boreal climates where there is heavy rainfall and long cool winters, such as the coniferous forests of northern North America and Eurasia.

灰壤：存在于多湿、寒冷的北温带的石楠灌丛和针叶林地带的土壤类型，如北美北部和欧亚大陆的针叶林区。是在针叶林作用下形成的发育程度较高的灰化土。

A fire in low-growing, scrubby trees and brush.

林下灌丛生长在高树下面的灌木和小树；灌木丛

There were half a dozen foxes skulk ing in the undergrowth.

在林下灌丛中潜伏着五六只狐狸。

There were half a dozen foxes skulking in the undergrowth .

在林下灌丛中潜伏着五六只狐狸。

There were half a dozen fox es skulking in the undergrowth.

在林下灌丛中潜伏着五六只狐狸。

According to the datas from field investigation, lab experiment and slope run-off plot observation, the hydrologic functions of forest canopy, lower shrub, litters and soil layers have been studied. The canopy precipitation interception characteristic of different vegetation types have been analized. The results indicate that the broad-leaf forests and coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests are better than phyllostachys pubescens forests and shrubs in canopy rainfall interception. And the litters water-holding ability of broad-leaf forests and mixed forests are higher than others. And the soil water-holding and infiltrating ablility of broad-leaf is good.

根据野外调查、试验及坡面径流小区的观测数据，研究了库区主要类型植被林冠层、灌草层、枯落物层和土壤层的水文功能，分析了不同降雨条件下不同类型植被的林冠截留特征，指出在林冠截留方面阔叶林、针阔混交林比楠竹林、灌丛的截留能力强；分析了库区主要类型林地枯落物层的水文功能，研究结果表明：阔叶林林地枯落物的持水能力普遍高于针叶林，而混交林枯落物的持水能力要比纯林大；林地土壤层的水文功能剖析表明：阔叶林林地土壤的持水性能较强，其林地土壤的入渗性能较好。

What are your goals and strategies for growth?

你的成长目标和策略是什么？

And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven irits of God, and the seven star I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.

3：1 你要写信给撒狄教会的使者，说，那有神的七灵和七星的，说，我知道你的行为，按名你是活的，其实是死的。