条件转移

In Experiment 1, the pattern of spatial attention shift was examined by instructing participants to saccade to the cue.

实验一要求被试将眼睛跳往提示刺激处，通过对线运动错觉的分析确定该条件下的空间注意转移规律；实验二要求被试在将视线保持在注视点处的条件下判断目标色块是否出现，以探明线运动错觉是否受对目标色块前注意阶段加工的影响；实验三要求被试将眼睛跳往提示刺激的对侧，分析眼跳位置与提示刺激空间方位的一致性对空间注意转移的影响。

Nevertheless, its fluorescence is enoughintense to be investigated the switch properties in aqueous solution. 5. The results of fluorimetric titrations and spectrophotometric titrations indicate that,for 〓 and 〓, fluorescence of fluorenyl was quenched by transfer of electron from metalcenter to photoexcited state of fluorenyl during coordination of Cu or Ni.

在酸性条件下，未配位的〓和〓都有荧光，在中性及弱碱性条件下与金属铜、镍离子配位后，发生光诱导电子转移，电子由金属离子中心转移至激发态的芴基而使其荧光猝灭。

The results show that the optimal parameters of esterification are as follows: 4% of SO42-/ZrO2, molar ratio of methanol to litsea cubeba kernel oil 101, 68 ℃ of reaction temperature and 4 h of reaction time, the acid value decreases to 2.52 mg/g. Compared with the traditional acidic-catalyzed method, this method has the advantages of no acid proof equipment, easy to recycle catalyst and no acidic waste water emission. The optimal parameters of transesterification are as follows: 25 ℃ of reaction temperature, 0.5% of hexadecyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide, 1% of NaOH, molar ratio of methanol to the oil 61 and 15 min of reaction time. The ester exchanging rate is 97.6%. This method adopts phase transfer catalyst and produces industry prospect, which has many advantages such as energy-saving and time-saving under room temperature.

研究结果表明，固体酸SO42-/ZrO2催化酯化反应的最佳条件为：油重4%的SO42-/ZrO2，醇油摩尔比为101，温度为68 ℃，反应时间为4 h，原油酸值降到2.52 mg/g；该法相对浓硫酸催化酯化法具有不需耐酸设备、催化剂易回收、无废水排放等优点；相转移催化酯交换反应的最佳条件为：温度为 25 ℃，0.5%的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵，油重1%的NaOH，醇油摩尔比为61，反应15 min，原油酯交换率达到97.6%；采用相转移催化技术，反应在常温下进行，大大减少了能耗，缩短了反应时间，具有的产业化前景。

The asymmetric synthesis of mandelic acid in the presence of a chiral phase transfer catalyst was also studied.

本文研究了由苯甲醛和卤仿在相转移催化条件下合成扁桃酸的工艺，探讨了反应条件，特别是相转移催化剂的种类对反应的影响。

Based on microlevel data collected in Gansu and Inner Mongolia, the method of data envelope analysis was employed to examine the efficiency of agricultural water utilization, the logical relationship between water use efficiency and water right transfer was analyzed to examine the preconditions for agricultural water transfer against transitional background of Chinese economy.

本文利用甘肃、内蒙2省典型灌区432个农户的实地调研数据，基于数据包络分析方法，对农户灌溉用水效率与农业水权转移的内在逻辑关系进行系统分析，以探索中国转型经济条件下农业水权转移的条件。

Based on microlevel data collected in Gansu and Inner Mongolia, the method of data envelope analysis was employed to examine the efficiency of agricultural water utilization, the ogical relationship between water use efficiency and water right transfer was analyzed to examine the preconditions for agricultural water transfer gainst transitional background of Chinese economy.

本文利用甘肃、内蒙2省典型灌区432个农户的实地调研数据，基于数据包络分析方法，对农户灌溉用水效率与农业水权转移的内在逻辑关系进行系统分析，以探索中国转型经济条件下农业水权转移的条件。

However in Hachijo population, nymphal development was the fastest under LD 12:12h, followed by LD 14:10h and the slowest under LD 16:8h. Nymphal growth is restrained when the nymphs are transferred from LD 16:8h to LD 12:12h at 60 and 120 days after hatching, rapid development is observed when nymphs were transferred in the opposite direction in Hachijo population.

八丈岛种群的若虫在短日条件下发育最快，其次是中间日长，长日条件下若虫发育最慢，孵化后60d或120d将若虫自LD 16：8h向LD 12：12h转移抑制若虫发育，反方向转移的若虫快速发育。

In the Okinawa population, nymphs developed faster under LD16:8h and LD14:10h than under LD 12:12h at constant photoperiods. When photopersodic shifts from long days (LD16:8h) to short days (LD 12:12h) at 60 and 120 days restrain nymphal development, while photoperiodic shifts from short days to long days accelerate the nymphal development.

冲绳种群在长日条件下(LD 16：8h)若虫发育显著快于中间日长(LD 14：10h)和短日条件下(LD 12：12h)的若虫发育，孵化后60d或120d将若虫自LD16，8h向LD 12：12h转移，若虫发育受到抑制，而自LD 12：12h向LD 16：8h转移，则促进若虫发育。

Then the author analyzes empirically China's terms of trade from 1981,and the causes of the change in the net barter terms of trade by means of regression analysis ,which can be quantitied.we get the results that China's net barter terms of trade had a declining trend while its income terms and factorial terms of trade had been improved,and the net barter terms of trade positively correlates with actual tariff rate,exchange rate and negatively correlates with GDP,besides,the factors which can not be quantitied such as pure price fighting,inappropiate tariff sytem,foreign-invested enterprises's tranfer pricing and region trade agreement also lead to the above trend of China's net barter terms of trade,and the change in China's net barter terms of trade had a neglect impact on international trade benefit.

得出中国价格贸易条件总体上存在下降趋势，收入、要素条件呈现改善的趋势；实际关税率、汇率与价格贸易条件存在正相关关系，GDP指数与其负相关。出口企业恶性价格竞争、不合理的关税体制、外资企业的转移定价、区域贸易集团是造成中国价格贸易条件下降的非量化因素。此外，本文分析了1981-2004年价格贸易条件变动导致的中国国际贸易利益变化，发现价格贸易条件变动对中国国际贸易利益产生了一定的负面影响。最后，本文在分析中国价格贸易条件变动环境的基础上，认为中国工业化阶段不高、贸易限制性政策实施空间的减小、&合成谬误&现象及知识经济时代的到来会在一定时期内对价格贸易条件变动不利。

This paper deals with and summarizes the research and importance of ductile shear zones and presents the future direction and aim for the research of the ductile shear zones around the world. Four aspects of studies of the ductile shear zones have been proposed in this paper as follows:(1) The stress environment including the mineral assemblages, deformation, stress-shearing parameters;(2) The major element sequence and activation under condition of stress;(3) The variations of trace elements and REE, their transportation distributions under strong natural deformation as well as variations of mineral crystal parameters, which can also control the element changes during the ductile deformation;(4) The relationship between element migrations, activation and stress, which will present the new evidences for the studies of dynamic diagenesis and mineralization as well as the studies of evolution of ductile shear zones developed in middle and low levels.(5) The analysis of elements and isotopes in mylonites on the micro-scale are crucial for the understanding of component migrations during the mylonization.

对韧性剪切带及其变形岩石的研究现状和研究意义进行系统的综述，提出了未来韧性剪切带及其糜棱岩的研究方向和目标：①系统研究糜棱岩中主要造岩矿物组合及其变形特征，计算剪切变形岩石的应力－应变参数，搞清韧性剪切带所处的应力应变环境；②系统研究韧性剪切带岩石在天然分强剪切应力作用条件下常量元素迁移机制及活化转移的应力排序问题；③系统研究剪切变形作用过程中岩石化学组成的微量和稀土元素变化，讨论强变形条件下岩石中微量元素活化和迁移规律，深入探讨微量元素迁移的动力控制，包括稀土元素配分变化的应力制约以及应变矿物晶格化学变化行为及其对其寄主的变形岩石元素在应变过程中迁移变化的制约和影响；④从理论上探讨天然强剪切应变条件下岩石中组分活化、转移与应力的因果联系，为深入探讨韧性剪切带动力成岩作用提供理论的科学依据，为探讨中、下地壳中韧性剪切带的形成和演化提供科学依据，同时为韧性剪切变形作用条件下成岩、成矿地球化学作用提供理论和实验依据；⑤现代分析技术如激光同位素原位分析以及激光ICP-MASS分析技术对研究变形域内的岩石的元素和同位素的活化迁移规律，对深刻揭示糜棱岩化过程中的元素活化迁移机制提供更高质量的地球化学证据具有重要的作用。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。