条件反应

The author found that the chromone ring could be cleaved at high temperature in PPA, and the change of the ratio of ring-opened product versus the target one with the change of reaction time and temperature was investigated in details.

我们采用了两条不同的合成路线合成了第Ⅳ类化合物，对部分反应条件进行了优化，在研究过程中发现了色酮化合物在高温下的开环反应及多聚磷酸的水解作用，并对前者进行了详细研究了，获得了不同反应温度和时间下未开环产物和开环产物的比例，得到了制备相应的未开环产物和开环产物的最佳反应条件。

Under the optimum conditions of a cyclopentene amount of 1.0 mol, a molar ratio of cyclopentene to water of 0.25, a reaction temperature of 120 ℃, a reaction time of 4.0 h, a main catalyst dosage of 4.0 g and a cocatalyst dosage of 0.8 g, the yield of cyclopentanol reached 68.6%.

确定适宜的反应条件为：环戊烯1.0 mol，n﹕n=1﹕4，反应温度120 ℃，反应时间4.0 h，硅胶负载铌酸主催化剂用量4.0 g，三（3，6-二氧杂庚基）胺助催化剂0.8 g。在此反应条件下，环戊醇收率68.6%。

The synthetic process of dialkyl phosphate by reaction of long -chain alcohol with phosphorus oxychloride was studied. The influence of molar ratio of reactants, reaction temperature, reaction time on process of esterification and hydrolysis was investigated too.

研究了以三氯氧磷与正构偶数高碳醇为原料合成磷酸二长直链烷基酯(C10～16-DAP)的工艺条件，考察了物料配比、反应温度和反应时间等因素对酯化反应与水解反应进程的影响，通过正交实验方法，确定了优化的合成工艺条件。

Its mechanism is the use of anthraquinone in alkali conditions off proton surface forming 10 more stable carbon anion face, but because carbon anion and oxygen ion exist between testosterone and enolate type each other changes, cause reaction product complex, at least five, reaction selectivity, product yield, separation difficulties, and product purity is not high, therefore, using the type and quantity of alkali, phase transfer catalyst type, solvent, to optimize the selection process conditions so as to improve the yield target product.

其机理是利用蒽酮在碱存在的条件下脱去氢质子面形成10位较稳定的碳负离子面进行，但是因为碳负离子和氧负离子之间存在酮式和烯醇式的互变，导致反应复杂，产物至少有五种，反应选择性差，产物分离困难，产率低，且产品纯度不高，因此，利用对碱的种类和量的多少，相转移催化剂的种类，反应溶剂的选择，来优化反应工艺条件从而提高目标产物的产率。

The product synthesized under the optimum conditions as follows had final acid value of 0.494 mgKOH/g,and conversion of reatants up to 99.59%,molar ratio of isooctanol to phthalic anhydride 3∶1,the dosage of both aluminium oxide and stannous octoate as catalyst 0.2%(based on the total mass of reactants),reaction time 2.5 hours.

考察了工艺条件对合成DOP的影响，结果表明，在异辛醇与苯酐摩尔比3∶1，氧化铝/辛酸亚锡复配催化剂用量分别占反应物总量的0.2%，反应温度230℃，反应时间2.5h的最佳工艺条件下，产品终点酸值0.494mgKOH/g，反应物转化率达99.59%。

A novel biodegradable copolymer of poly and poly (γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) was successfully synthesized. Under appropriate conditions, the PBLG initiates the ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide to produce block copolymer, by using low toxicity stannous octoate as catalyst. The optimal reaction conditions were determined as follows; the catalytic agent: PBLG=1:1, the temperature is 120℃, the reaction time is 6h.

以L-丙交酯为原料，在催化剂辛酸锡酯Sn2的作用下，利用聚的活性端氨基引发LLA进行开环聚合，合成了聚L-丙交酯与聚的共聚物，对反应条件的各项因素进行了讨论，确定了最佳反应条件是：m：m=1：1；反应温度120℃；反应时间6h。

To improve the yield of an Amide-type Tripodal Ligand and investigate its coordination with rare earth ion under mild condition,a series of Amide-type Tripodal Ligands(L1—L4) have been prepared by the reactions of nitrilotriacetic acid and oxalyl chloride with four kinds of amides,respectively.

为了提高酰胺型三脚架型配体的产率，进一步研究其与稀土离子的配位形式及配合物的荧光性能，以氨三乙酸为母体，草酰氯为氯化试剂，与4种胺在较温和的条件下合成了具有三脚架型结构的配体(L1—L4)，并考察了实验条件、反应温度、反应体系溶剂、缚酸剂、反应时间及催化剂对反应产率的影响。

Kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determinationof trace nitrilotriacetic acid;2. To improve the yield of an Amide-type Tripodal Ligand and investigate its coordination with rare earth ion under mild condition,a series of Amide-type Tripodal Ligands(L1—L4) have been prepared by the reactions of nitrilotriacetic acid and oxalyl chloride with four kinds of amides,respectively.

为了提高酰胺型三脚架型配体的产率，进一步研究其与稀土离子的配位形式及配合物的荧光性能，以氨三乙酸为母体，草酰氯为氯化试剂，与4种胺在较温和的条件下合成了具有三脚架型结构的配体(L1—L4)，并考察了实验条件、反应温度、反应体系溶剂、缚酸剂、反应时间及催化剂对反应产率的影响。

Third, we studied the N-alkylation of phthalimide, indole, benzimidazole, succinimide with a variety of halogen in ionic liquid [BF4], [PF_6]. The present method has many obvious advantages, compared to those reported in the literature, including the generality, simplicity of the methodology, the ease of product isolation, the higher yield and potential for recycling of ionic liquids.

第三、研究了离子液体[BF_4]、[PF_6]和BF_4促进邻苯二甲酰亚胺、吲哚、苯并咪唑、丁二酰亚胺的N-烷基化反应，克服了传统溶剂中进行N-烷基化反应要求强碱、反应条件苛刻、时间长、产率一般的不足，改善了反应条件、提高了产率。

The results showed that: 1 under the hydroponic culture established in this research, the experimental wheat plants grew well andperformed the typical architecture responses when exposed in Pi deprivation. Hemi-qantitative RT-PCR revealed that the transcriptional level of known P response gene changed dramatically; 2 In general the length of wheat root axis and the root/ shoot ratio arose when the Pi supply was deprived, however, the change models differed among different wheat genotypes. The investigation on their molecular basis would offer the useful clue for seeking high phosphorus efficiency protoplasma and gene resources of wheat.

结果表明：1在研究建立的小麦水培体系中，小麦植株生长正常并对磷饥饿胁迫条件做出发育形态建成水平的反应；半定量RT-PCR分析显示在此体系中小麦磷响应基因也在转录水平上产生显著变化；2在水培条件下不同基因型小麦对磷饥饿胁迫的反应总体上表现在根轴长度和根冠比有所提高，但不同基因型小麦的反应特点有差异；对这些反应特征的分子机理的深入分析可为有效筛选磷高效小麦新种质以及发掘磷高效基因资源提供线索。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。