最有效的使用

According to the optimization design and reactor networks design of chemical system engineering, the method which restriction nonlinear programming problems can be transformed to the no-restriction no-linear programming problems was put forward.

针对化工系统工程中的优化设计、反应器网络设计等问题，提出了一种将有约束的非线性规划问题转化为无约束的非线性规划问题的北京化工大学博士学位论文方法，使用本论文提出的改进遗传算法对这类问题进行了求解，提高了计算效率和计算精度，能有效地寻找到全局最优解。4。

In this paper, as a case of Karamay, we have studied on space-time changement of soil quality in oasis of arid area. We measured quality for different land use types and years in same type by combinativing field sampling for Karamay in Xinjiang and analysis in laboratory, which is directed by former theory of soil quality. Then we did integrated evaluation of soil quality for different land use types, and had drew some conclusions as followed: In four land use types, the soil bulk density of layers(0～15cm) for farmland and tree land is bigger than the other land use types.The organic matter of every layer in manpower Tamarix Bulrush land is bigger; organic matter of Tamarix Bulrush land release efficiency nitrogen which result ration of C/N is higher; total nitrogen of all layers in farmland variety great as being effected by mass use of nitrogen in agriculture; deadwood and defoliation of tree、shrub and bulrush pooled in 5cm layer to result that quick nitrogen is the biggest among all layers. The total salt of nature shrub tree land for every layer being bigger than farmland explain that nature shrub thee land strongly stand salt and farmland for basification in this area; that the nutrient of face layer is bigger than the ground layer may be explained by that vegetation gather nutrient to be stored in deadwood and defoliation.

本文对以克拉玛依为例，对干旱区绿洲土壤质量的时间空间变化进行研究，在有关土壤质量的研究理论指导下，通过田间调查取样和室内分析相结合的方法，对新疆克拉玛依市农业开发区的不同土地利用方式及同一土地利用方式下不同利用年限土样土壤理化性质进行测定，从而对新垦绿洲不同土地利用类型土壤质量进行综合评价，结果如下：四种土地利用方式中，农地、乔木林地表层(0-15cm)土壤容重较大；各土层人工柽柳芦苇地的土壤有机质含量均较大；柽柳芦苇地的有机质在矿化过程中所释放出有效氮，导致柽柳芦苇地的C/N比例较高；受到农业耕作使用大量氮肥的影响，农地各土层全氮含量变异较明显；乔木、灌木及芦苇的枯枝落叶主要集中在5cm范围之内，导致几种土地利用方式类型下该层土壤速效氮最大；天然灌木林地的土壤总盐在各层均较大，其次是农地，说明天然灌木林地的高耐盐能力，以及该区农业生产用地的土壤盐碱化程度较重。

Choose medicaments correctly, reasonable use medicaments, in order to make sure with medicine safety is mixed effective will be henceforth the main task that clinical medicine learns, for solution control hospital the clinical current situation that use drug reachs existence issue, promote the development of the reasonable job that use drug, raise a hospital reasonable the level that uses drug, the prescription of two place has outpatient service of author general hospital, be in hospital analytic research, summary goes out unreasonable a few big states that use drug, undertake classified at the same time. 1 clinical unreasonable with medical analysis each division all applies 1 abuse of 1 · or antibiotic of blind application antibiotic extensively, utilization rate amounts to 70% above, among them couplet is used rate be as high as 40%, appear even 2 couplet, triplex above, the commonnest abuse is infection of the upper respiratory tract, be admitted to hospital give 2~3 to plant antibiotic cure. 1 · of 1 · 1 without point to this kind to the cure that ask for uses drug unreasonable with medicine main show is in the person that the virus sex appeal such as hepatitis of sex of common cold, chicken pox, berpes zoster, virus is caught, in infection of not amalgamative bacterium, point to without what apply antibiotic ask for next using medicine. Incontrollable virus affects antibiotic, increase hepatic burden instead to patient of virus sex hepatitis.

梗概： 正确选择药物，并合理使用药物，以保证用药平安和有效是今后临床药学的重要任务，为了解把握医院临床用药目前状况及存在新问题，推动合理用药工作的发展，提高医院合理用药的水平，笔者将医院门诊、住院两处的处方进行分析探究，总结出不合理用药的几大状况，同时进行分类。1临床不合理用药的分析1·1滥用或盲目应用抗生素抗生素各科均广泛应用，使用率达70%以上，其中联用率高达40%，甚至出现二联、三联以上，最常见滥用为上呼吸道感染，入院给予2~3种抗生素治疗。1·1·1无指征的治疗用药这类不合理用药主要表现在普通感冒、水痘、带状疱疹、病毒性肝炎等病毒性感染者，在未合并细菌感染，无应用抗生素的指征下用药。

The main technique applied in our method is derived from the features of the eight bit-planes of a gray image. The XOR bit-wise operation is used for two bit pixels among the neighboring bit-planes from the most significant bit to the least significant bit.

本提出方法是将欲隐藏之灰阶影像分解成八张位元平面，并利用其影像前几个位元平面0与1分布会有群聚现象，将两两位元平面间作XOR (Exclusive-or)运算，再使用线性四元树的观念将运算后的资料进行有效BFS编码，之后再隐藏於伪装图之像素最低位元，使最后藏入资料的伪装图影像仍呈现高度清晰的图像显示，也就是说PSNR的测度皆能远大於30dB。

The case of a bus route in Qinghuangdao was studied. The analysis results show that the efficient way to improve bus accessibility is to keep bus headway not more than 5 min, so that the optimum bus-stop spacing is below 600 m no matter how much the bus passenger demand is. But on condition of higher bus headways, optimum bus-stop spacing should be in the range of 900 to 1400 m and the bus accessibility would drop more remarkably compared with lower bus headways.

以秦皇岛公交线路为实例，结果显示提高公交可达性的有效途径是使用不大于5min的低发车间隔，无论公交客流量大小，最优公交站距都可以保持在600m以下；而对高发车间隔，公交站距在900~1400m才能获得较高的可达性，而相比低发车间隔，公交可达性显著下降。

Simulation results prove that symmetry algorithm is applicable for generating the long periodic hopping pattern used in valid data communications, while random shift replace algorithm is proper for the short periodic pattern with the good balance in the range of maximum effective length, and it can be used in the situations of short-cycle emergency communications.

仿真结果表明，对偶法在长周期条件下的性能优于随机平移法，适用于产生正常通信使用的调制跳变图案；随机平移法在最大有效周期长度范围内具有很好的均衡性，适用于短周期突发通信。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。