方向开关

The results of numerical experiments, using the four-dimensional variational data assimilation system of the nonhydrostatic mesoscale model MM5, show that: the tangent linear model and adjoint model conducted by keeping the "on-off" switches the same as the basic state, can provide a good approximation of the first-order information to the NLM perturbation and a good descent direction for the minimization procedure; switching on and off at every other time step in the Kuo cumulus parameterization scheme don"t impact the convergence rate of cost function; the existence of the switches don"t impact improvement to the MM5 model rainfall prediction because that not only specific humidity ,but also wind, temperature and pressure are assimilated into the model.

非静力中尺度数值模式MM5的四维变分资料同化系统进行的数值试验结果表明："开关"变量保持与基态一致，所构造的切向线性模式能够提供关于非线性模式扰动的一阶近似，伴随模式所计算的梯度值能够为最小化过程提供较好的下降方向；郭氏降水参数化方案中对流每隔一个积分步的交替发生并不影响目标函数最小化的收敛速度；"开关"变量的存在也不影响将风、温度、气压和比湿结合起来同化对MM5降水预报准确性的提高。

Therefore, from consideration of two sides, the way of using the DMX magnetism extinguishing switchs and the non-ohmic resistor coordinated magnetism extinguishing will become an improvement general orientation in the field of magnetism extinguishing.

从断流角度考虑，与灭弧栅配合使用的DM2灭磁开关存在不可避免的缺点，所以，从两个角度综合考虑，使用DMX灭磁开关与非线性电阻配合的灭磁方式将成为灭磁领域改进的一大方向。

Recently,the control of power supply of high frequency switch has been developed towards the "high refined and cuspidate" direction.Although the parts of apparatus have small volume and refined precision,the Electro Magnetic Interference and radiation are much stronger than before.

现在的高频开关电源控制已向&高、精、尖&方向发展，这些器件体积小、精度高，但电源内部的电磁干扰、辐射比原来更强了，为了使高频开关电源在预期的电磁环境下能正常工作、无性能降低及故障，并对电磁环境中的任何事物不构成电磁干扰，必需对其进行电磁兼容。

By the analogy test, the arc suppressing effect of mechanical arcless on-load tap changer is clear, The scheme of arcless on-load voltage regulating system, which is consisted of thyristor controlled series transformer and thyristor controlled filter, is illuminated on electrical structure, control strategy and performance in details.

无弧有载调压技术的研究方向分为机械式无弧有载分接开关调压和静止无弧有载调压两个方面，通过模拟试验，对机械式无弧有载分接开关的灭弧效果和应用可行性进行了探讨。

My agent is currently the main product has: Japan Yuken of the vane pump, variable piston pumps, proportional valves, direction valves Switzerland Wandfluh Various proportional valve, direction valves, Cartridge Valves, micro - valves, special purpose valves Taiwan DINGZING of high-quality polyurethane oil seal, dust-laden Sweden CEJN vibration-resistant pressure gauges, various Express connectors, UHP Products USA PARKER of hose , joints, pipe, card sets of joints and seals Italian CARCO the large, heavy-duty hydraulic and rotary seal (size 10 ~ 2000mm) Italian Walvoil multi-way valves and control components Italian Marzocchi high-pressure gear pump and high pressure gear motors Italian intermot motors JAPAN Sumitomo QT Internal Gear Pump, Pressure Switch JAPAN ACT Italian combination of letters POLYPAC rubber, covered with dust, Georgia to circle Sri Lanka special closure, wearable ring Japan NOK sealed polyurethane high temperature oil seal, seal ERIS Netherlands, Germany COG various O-ring on the Japanese Osaka Hydraulic Sealing Products Germany B + S: DAS, DSM portfolio of sealing, a variety of high-pressure sealing rubber cloth Italian ATS: cell to circle sturt closure,dust ring, rotated grid to love circle Shenzhen Lihua Industrial Co., Ltd. Chongqing Office has officially set up to welcome friends from all walks of life call consultative letter.

我公司目前代理的主要产品有：◆日本Yuken的叶片泵、变量柱塞泵、比例阀、方向阀◆瑞士Wandfluh各种比例阀、方向阀、插装阀、微型阀、特殊用途阀◆台湾DINGZING的高品质聚氨脂油封，尘封◆瑞典CEJN的耐振压力表、各种快速接头、超高压产品◆美国PARKER的胶管、接头、钢管、卡套接头及密封件◆意大利CARCO的大型、重载液压及旋转密封（尺寸 10～2000mm）◆意大利Walvoil多路阀及控制元件◆意大利Marzocchi高压齿轮泵和高压齿轮马达◆意大利intermot马达◆日本SumitomoQT内啮合齿轮泵，日本ACT压力开关◆意大利POLYPAC橡胶组合封、尘封、格来圈、斯特封、耐磨环◆日本NOK密封、耐高温聚氨脂油封，荷兰ERIS骨架油封，德国COG各种O型圈◆日本坂上液压密封产品◆德国B+S：DAS、DSM组合密封、各种夹布橡胶高压密封◆意大利ATS：格来圈、斯特封、特康防尘圈、旋转格来圈深圳爱力华实业有限公司重庆办事处已正式成立，欢迎各界朋友们来电来函咨询。

Lastly, the next studying direction of MEMS optical switch is put forward.

最后，对MEMS光开关做出了展望，指出了今后MEMS光开关的进一步研究方向。

In this paper, the present research situation of optimal configuration of switch device home and abroad in recent years is summarized, the research achievements in objective function selection, modeling, solution algorithm and application as well as existing problems are expounded; the further research direction of optimal configuration of switch devices, including the improvement in accuracy of algorithm and calculation speed, the consideration of reliability and parameter uncertainty, the expansion of static modeling and so on, are looked ahead.

文章综述了近年来开关优化配置的国内外研究现状，详细阐述了目标函数的选择、建模、求解算法、费用计算以及应用等各方面研究成果及存在的问题，展望了开关优化配置进一步的研究方向，包括算法精度和速度的改善、可靠性和电气参数不确定性考虑、静态建模拓展等内容。

The sample switch is installed such that the direction of switch operation is vertical and, upon depression of the stem in its center the whole travel distance ,the force of the stem to return to its free position shall be measured.

开关的动作方向垂直放置开关，在已有行程的推柄中心向上减小压力，推柄回到自由位置时所测量到的力

1 The valve and the adjustment device of the boiler steaming-water pipe should be clearly marked, which should indicate the valve name, number, switch direction and working medium flowing direction, and the main regulating valve should have opening indicator.

9.7.1 锅炉汽水管道的阀门及调整装置应有明显标志，标明阀门名称、编号、开关方向以及工质流动方向，主要调节阀应有开度指示。

This device use the principle of additional DC power supply in main feeding switch, and use the principle of direction of zero sequence power in branch feeding switch.

该装置在总馈电开关处的漏电保护装置使用附加直流电源原理，在分支馈电开关处的漏电保护装置使用零序功率方向式保护原理。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。