断裂

The accumulated elastic strain energy and deformation induced by the fault movement exceeds the strength of rock, and in sequence causes fault rupture and strata failure, and then earthquake occurs.

断裂的活动容易导致断裂及其附近岩层中弹性应变能的积累，当应变能超出岩体的强度时，就会引起断裂或岩层的破裂而发生地震。

The corresponding double-$K$ fracture parameters (initial cracking roughness $K_{\rm IC}^{\rm ini}$and unstable fracture toughness $K_{\rm IC}^{\rm un})$ introduced in the criterion are determined using a simple experiment method combing with an analytical evaluation based on the cohesive force on the fictitious crack zone.

其相应的双$K$断裂参数(起裂断裂韧度$K_{\rm IC}^{\rm ini}$和失稳断裂韧度$K_{\rm IC}^{\rm un}$)一般通过简便的试验和基于虚拟裂缝扩展粘聚力的解析方法确定。

It has long and narrow asymmetric graben structure.

它具有狭长不对称的地堑结构，断裂构造复杂，发育有正滑动断裂和逆滑动断裂。

Zhuyangguan -Xiaguan fault zone is a long 40 km translithospheric fracture, on the way fracture appear in public many Yanshanian cycle granite -porphyry and some Cu、Au、Ag、Pb、Zn anomaly and the noplemetal metalliztion developed.

朱阳关-夏馆断裂是一条长约400余km、深达上地幔的超壳断裂，沿断裂出露有较多的燕山期花岗斑岩小岩体及一系列Cu，Au，Ag，Pb，Zn异常，有色金属、贵金属成矿作用发育。

The deformation mechanism is mainly the single-slip and cross-ship, the fracture mechanism is mainly the congregation of transgranular micro-hole, and large uniform deformation occurred before tough fracture, and therefore, the ability of plastic deformation and the mechanical properties of the material were remarkably improved. These fully indicate that the new melt-treatment developed in this work is an effective and advanced technique, and further testify that the improvement of metallurgical quality of the material is the key to enhance its mechanical properties, especially its plastic deformation performance. The results of tensile and compression tests at elevated temperature also indicate that the suitable hot-working temperature range is 400～450℃. 4. A steady-state plastic flow exists during the plastic deformation of the aluminum sheet used for pressure can at elevated temperature. A hyperbolic sine relationship can be satisfied between the steady-state flow stress and strain rate by introducing an Arrhenius term which involves some thermal activation parameters, i.

压力罐用铝材中的主要冶金缺陷为Al〓O〓夹杂物、气孔及富Fe杂质相；高效熔体处理显著改善了材料的冶金缺陷的存在形态，使含杂量明显减少、夹杂物尺寸变细小且分布均匀，富Fe杂质相变为细小、分布均匀的团球状或短棒状的复杂化合物，同时也明显细化了结晶组织；此外，由于高效熔体处理有效地减少了材料中裂纹萌生源数量，因而改变了材料的塑性变形微观过程及断裂方式，主要以单滑移和交滑移进行塑性变形，断裂方式为穿晶微孔聚集型，韧性断裂前产生了大量的均匀变形，不易出现变形失稳，从而显著提高了罐用铝材的塑变能力和力学性能。

Fracture experiments under biaxial loading and theoretical analysis are used to study the fracture behaviour of cruciform specimen of 16 MnR with a central penetrated ⅠⅡ mixed mode crack. A ⅠⅡ mixed mode crack J integral criterion is explored.

通过理论分析和双轴向断裂试验，对我国压力容器常用钢16MnR所制成的含中心穿透Ⅰ－Ⅱ复合型裂纹十字形试样的断裂规律进行了试验研究，探讨了Ⅰ－Ⅱ复合型裂纹J积分断裂准则。

The analysis of the aftershocks with M≥4.0, fault strike direction in seismic region and the long axis of isoseismal shows Gozhaco fault is the seismogenic structure. According to the Harvard focal mechanism, the normal break of Gozhaco fault leads to the Yutian earthquake under the NS direction regional stress.

综合分析Ms≥4.0余震分布、震区断裂性质以及等震线长轴方向等资料，认为郭扎错断裂是这次地震的发震构造；据Harvard震源机制解分析，这次地震是在近NS向力的作用下，郭扎错断裂发生略带走滑分量的拉张破裂所致。

The results showed that the fracture toughness of the weld of HFW pipe was lowest.The value of absorbed energy of HFW weld was closely related to the heat treatment process.But the fracture toughness of fusion zone of submerged-arc welded jointer,its microstructure was coarse granular bainite,and was lower than the other locations of heat affected zone;and with the increasing of steel strength,the effect of welding heat cycles on the pipeline steel became stronger,and form coarse microstructure in fusion zone leading to decrease fracture toughness.

结果表明，高钢级管线钢高频焊接焊缝处的断裂韧性最低，其冲击功大小与热处理工艺密切相关；而埋弧焊接热影响区断裂韧性在熔合线处最低，其主要原因是此处的组织为粗大的粒状贝氏体，而且强度越高焊接热循环对管线钢的作用越强，在熔合线附近更容易产生粗大组织，使断裂韧性降低。

It is overall a monoclinal structure dipping to south, on which three group faulted structures with the directions of E-W, NEE, and NE-SW are developed, and they are tensional faults. The Orinoco heavy oil belt has been divided into two tectonic zones by one regional fault with the trend of NE in the plane, and the characteristics are different in the two tectonic zones.

奥里诺科重油带是目前世界上唯一一个还基本未开发的大规模重油富集带，它位于东委内瑞拉盆地边缘隆起带，总体是一北倾单斜，其上主要发育E-W向、NEE向和NE-SW向三组断裂，且以张性断裂为主，其中有一条北东向区域性大断裂将奥里诺科重油带在平面上划分为两大构造区，其各自的构造特征不同。

Selibuya Fault has typical double structures and is composed of deep thrust fault and shallow and nappe thrust fault.

色力布亚断裂具有典型的双重结构，由深层逆冲断裂与浅层逆冲推覆断裂组成。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。