文献

RETRIEVAL STRATEGY: The relevant articled were searched for in Pubmed database by researcher of this article with the key words of "stent graft, covered stents, cerebrovascular disease" in English, and with the key words of "covered stent, cerebrovascular disease" in Chinese in VIP database. 223 English and 196 Chinese articles were selected and reviewed primarily.

检索策略：由该论文的研究人员应用计算机检索Pubmed数据库的相关文献资料，以"stent graft， covered stents， cerebrovascular disease"为检索词，共检索到223篇相关文献，应用维普数据库以"带膜支架，脑血管疾病"作为检索词，共找到196篇中文文献。

This study is to give a solution for the estimation of flash point for mixtures, the necessity for classification of flammable liquids. The traditional models for predicting flash point of mixtures usually by the activity coefficient approach. However, the parameters of activity coefficient were regressed from phase equilibrium data in the literatures. If there is no such parameter in literatures for the desired mixture, the model cannot predict the flash point oft hat mixture. Thus, this research aims at the improvement of deficiency of the flash point prediction models in the literatures by useing UNIFAC (Universal Quasi-chemical Functional Group Activity Coefficient) equation, Dortmund-UNIFAC equation and Lyngby-UNIFAC equation. In this study, we were aim at the prediction model for miscible mixtures.From the result, it is suggested to use different type of UNIFAC equation to estimast activivity coefficient in the predition of flash point for different mixture type.

易燃液体分类的主要依据参数为闪火点值，因此本研究目的为解决易燃液体中混合物分类时所面临到的闪火点值缺乏的问题，而在过去文献中所提出的闪火点预测模式会使用到活性系数，但这些模式使用到的活性系数均需要相平衡的数据以回归其所需参数，若所欲估算闪火点的混合溶液文献上未有相关参数，则无法有效利用闪火点预测模式估算其闪火点，因此针对文献中现有闪火点预测模式的缺点，利用描述液体混合物活性系数UNIFAC (Universal Quasi-chemical Functional Group Activity Coefficient)方程式、Dortmund-UNIFAC方程式和 Lyngby-UNIFAC方程式，建立发展一闪火点预测模式，而本研究以互溶溶液为对象。

In the single crystal of C60 with a FCC structure,positron mainly appears outside the C60 molecule.The main annihilation space is the interspace between molecules.The calculated positron bulk lifetime in C60 is 352ps, which agrees with experiment value of 356ps in literature.In carbon nanotube bundles with different dimeters,as the diameter of carbon nanotubes increases,the main space where positron appears changes from the interspace of carbon tubes to the space inside carbon tubes,the radio between positron annihilation with valence eletrons and core eletrons becomes larger,the positron bulk lifetime in carbon nanotube increase rapidly first and come to be a constant at the end.The calculated positron lifetime of carbon nanotube with a dimeter of 0.8～1.6ns is 332～470ps,which agrees with the experiment value of 394ps.Positron annihilation has been studied in widly used compound semiconductors.

计算结果表明：在片层结构的石墨晶体中，正电子主要在石墨层间的空隙中湮没，计算出的石墨中的正电子寿命为208 pS，与文献中的实验结果215 ps符合很好；在金刚石单晶中，正电子主要在碳原子之间的空隙中存在并发生湮没，计算出的金刚石中的正电子寿命为115 ps，文献中的实验结果110 ps左右符合；在面心立方结构的C60晶体中，正电子主要在C60分子球壳内外侧及分子之间存在，C60球形分子中心正电子分布很少，正电子的湮没区域集中在C60分子之间的空隙区域，计算出的C60中的正电子寿命为352 ps与文献中的实验结果356ps相符合；对于不同管径碳米管束中的正电子分布，随着碳纳米管直径的增加，碳纳米管束中的正电子由主要在碳纳米管管间的区域出现转变为主要在碳纳米管管内中心的区域出现：碳纳米管束中的正电子与碳原子的价电子的湮没概率变得越来越大，与核心电子的湮没概率变得越来越小；碳纳米管束中正电子的湮没寿命先迅速增大，而后趋于一定值。

In this study, we find that there are two problems when applying the techniques of discretization to obtain an approximated probability density function of the project completion time in stochastic activity networks. Namely, first, there exists neither exact data structure nor systematic scheme for the computer programming when applying the techniques of discretization; and second, error may arise from assuming independency between sub-paths in the activity network.

本研究发现在运用文献中的散式计算技术，求算随机性专案完成时间的机分配函时，存在个问题：第一，文献中既未提供明确的资结构也没有系统化的架构，足以将其转为计算机程式；第二，因为文献中的散式计算技术，皆假设随机性专案网中的各条子径彼此独，而造成明显的误差。

METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed database was undertaken to identify related articles about the microcapsulated cell or encystation material for treating diabetes mellitus published from 1980 to 2009 by using the key words of "microcapsulation, islet, transplantation" in English. Meanwhile, we search CNKI for relevant articles published between 1999 and 2009 with the same key words in Chinese.

检索PUBMED数据库中1980/2009有关人工细胞微囊技术进展在糖尿病中应用的文献，检索词"microcapsule， islet， transplantation"，并限定文献语言种类为English；同时检索中国期刊全文数据库1999/2009有关人工细胞微囊技术进展在糖尿病中应用的文献，检索词为"微囊，胰岛，移植"。

The algorithm for optimizing parameter is applied and effective,and is much better than that of common Genetic Algorithm,and has good perfectible application future.

文献[2]提出用模糊控制算法整定PID参数，文献[3]将Bang-Bang控制与神经网络自适应控制相结合，利用神经元的学习功能构成了一种自适应PID控制器，文献[4]以蚁群系统和蚁群算法为基础，提出了一种新的具有不完全微分的最优PID控制器的设计方法，文献[5]提出一种利用改进微粒群算法优化PID参数的方法。

Based on these, parallel computing problem of matrix tensor product is discussed, some parallel computing models are presented, the algorithm complexity is analyzed, and the thought and process are elaborated by an example. block matrix ; tensor product ; permuted similar ; parallel algorithms ; computational complexity

文献〔l论述了Cannon算法在工作站机群上的实现，文献[2]提出了一种基于对角划分的并行算法，文献〔3〕提出了在分布式环境下并行求解对称带状矩阵特征值问题的并行二分/多分法及其改进，文献41给出了稠密对称矩阵三对角化的MPI+OpenMP混合并行算法，还有著名的Cannon

The products were identified by IR,NMR,MS and elemental analysis. In our method,K.OH was used in place of NaOH to synthesize benzyl ester of 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,2',6'-dimethyl-4'-(n-succinimidyloxycarbonyl) phenyl-acridinium-9-carboxylate was purified on a silica gel column with chloroform/ethylacetate(4:l,v/v) as eluent and further purified by triturating with hexane/acetone(2:l,v/v).The luminescence produced by DMAE-NHS is a flash light with maximumemission at 0.4s and decay half-time of 0.9s. The luminescence intensity is 6.11x10 cps/mol,which is affected by the composition of trigger and surfactant.

DMAE·NHS的合成是本论文的关键和难点，我们对文献方法进行改进：文献方法用氢氧化钠与3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸反应制得3，5-甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠，再用3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠与苄氯作用制备3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸苄酯，我们用氢氧化钾代替氢氧化钠，使合成取得成功；在合成2'，6'-二甲基-4'-苯基-吖啶-9-甲酸酯时，文献方法对粗产品进行两次硅胶柱层析纯化，第一次柱层析用氯仿/乙酸乙酯(4：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，第二次柱层析用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，按照文献方法得到的不是所需要的化合物，我们只进行第一次柱层析纯化，然后用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)进行研磨，过滤，洗涤，除去溶于己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)的部分，得到所需要的产品。

"To get rid of the stale"and"take in the fresh"of documents have a com- mon task to undertake,that is,constructing,organizing,developing the system of the library collections ,and regulating,controlling,reforming,perfecting the structure of the library col- lections,and making it more rational.

文献的&吐故&与&纳新&共同承担着建设、组织、发展馆藏文献体系，调整、控制、改革、完善馆藏文献结构，使之更趋于合理的任务，它们是图书馆文献资源建设的两大基本活动。

According to distributional features of medical information resources in china, CALIS National Interlibrary Loan Core System is designed and constructed by CALIS National Information Center in Medicine.

在分析全国医药文献资源特点和医药图书馆馆际互借工作现状的基础上，指出医药文献馆际互借工作面临的问题和困难，并根据全国医药文献资源分布特征，提出构建CALIS全国医药文献馆际互借核心服务系统。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。