整体主义

Biologists find it most grating that the impetus for this postdarwinian convergence comes chiefly from mathematicians, physicists, computer scientists, and whole systems theorists-people who couldn't tell the difference between Cantharellus cibarius and Amanita muscaria if their lives depended on it.

生物学家们感到恼火：后达尔文主义趋同现象的推动力主要来自数学家、物理学家、计算机科学家还有那些整体系统的理论家们。而这些人如果有朝一日要靠吃蘑菇来度日，他们根本分不清鸡油菌和红菇[2]的区别。

3 His mechanical philosophy of nature was a sharp break with the prevailing conception as represented by Renaissance natural philosophy, and scarcely less of a break with Aristotelianism; and in his sensation of making a fresh start he spoke for 17th century science as a whole.

他的机械自然哲学截然地对立由文艺复兴自然哲学所代表的优势概念，但比较不像是和亚里斯多德主义之间的裂痕。而且在他做为全新起点的轰动人物(sensation的特别用法)之中。他成为十七世纪整体科学的代言人。

Based on the ideas of situational cognition, creative activities, cooperative interaction, successful experiences, self-education and character-training and ranging from situated teaching to inquiring and cooperative learning and self-development learning, etc.

本文从人本主义的理念出发，融入高中新课程改革的理念，旨在探讨高中新课程背景下的化学教学模式，从情境认知、创新活动、合作交往、成功体验、自我教育与个性形成等角度出发，分别创设了问题情境式、探究式、合作式、暗示式及自主发展性等教学模式，以实现高中化学新课程实施的整体优化。

However,we can find the limitations of the epistemology easily if weconsider it from the standpoint of Marxism:it emphasizes the validity ofantifoundationalism too much and has a unilateral understanding and use ofholism,it even parries and perverts the problem of truth,goes a wrong way todissolve the philosophy of science in the end.

但是，当我们站在马克思主义的立场来考察的时候，就会发现，新实用主义的科学认识论还存在诸多不尽人意的局限：它过于强调反基础主义的合法性，对整体论的运用和理解仍很片面，甚至回避和歪曲真理，走上了消解科学哲学的错误道路。

Transnational feminist practice aims to address the concerns of women around the world "in the historicized particularity of their relationship to multiple patriarchies as well as to international economic hegemonies"(Grewal and Kaplan, 17) Rather than endorsing a universal or totalistic notion of woman or gender in relation to a monolithic and ahistorical concept of patriarchal hegemony, transnational feminist practice critically examines how women are constructed differently and sometimes in contradiction to men in different patriarchal structures under different historical conditions.

跨国女性主义实践力图在&女性与多样父权制和国际经济霸权所生成的具历史化特性的关系中&（Grewal and Kaplan， 17解决与全世界女性攸关的议题。跨国女性主义实践以批判性的眼光来考察在不同的历史条件与不同的父权体系中，女性如何以与男性不同的甚或相反的方式建构的，而非认可一种与父权制霸权的单一的和无历史的概念相关的，通用的或整体的女性或性别概念。

Therefore, this article puts the present culture modernization in the especial epoch background that includes the globalization, the post-modernism, the network culture , the successful apotheosis of the cultural factor among the East Asian pattern as well as constructing the harmonious society of our country , thus explores the current overall approach of the culture modernization of construction, Namely, takes the Marxism theory as the instruction, inherits the essence of the traditional culture, and absorbs the world advanced culture.

因此本文把当前我国的文化现代化建构置于全球化、后现代化主义、网络文化、&东亚模式&中文化因素的成功典范以及构建我国社会主义和谐社会等时代背景之下，从而探索了当前我国文化现代化建构的整体原则，即以马克思主义理论为指导，继承传统文化的精髓，并借鉴世界先进文化

The occident tradition philosophy and natural law's morality affect environmental ethics, incarnate it's value, change from anthropocentric、anti-anthropocentric to sustainable development ethics on the human whole behalves, build up the Environmental Ethics on the Field of Vision of Chinese Ecology Civilization, embody ultimate aim, pay attention to protect Environment and try to look for the better relationship between human and nature.

中西方传统哲学以及自然法的道德观对环境伦理观产生的影响，使得环境伦理观在环境法中体现了价值。从全人类的整体利益和长远利益出发，环境伦理观形成从人类中心主义、非人类中心主义到可持续发展环境伦理观的转变。在生态文明视野下，可持续发展的生态文明观体现了环境资源法的终极目的，关注人对自然环境的尊重和保护，关注人与自然关系的和谐发展。

With the simple analytic but basic matrix of normativism versus descriptivism and individualism versus holism this theory is enriching and pushing forward ideas and concepts of H?ffe, Gert, Gewirth and Rawls.

通过规范主义-描述主义和个人主义-整体论这种简要然而基本的分析结构，该理论将丰富和推进霍夫、吉尔特、格威尔特和罗尔斯等人的思想。

The voting rules represent the struggle between theEU and national states, and the rise and fall among them during the history ofEuropean integration reflect the interaction between supranationalism andintergovernmentalism theoretically.

欧盟决策过程中三种投票模式的运用，代表了欧盟整体利益与成员国利益的博弈；三种投票模式在欧盟发展历程中此起彼伏的变化，在理论上则反映了超国家主义与政府间主义的互动。

From the perspectives of existential philosophy, humanistic psychology, psycho-analysis and feminist criticism, this dissertation seeks a systematic exploration and explanation for the"feminine self"in the autobiographic works produced by Chinese-European/American authoresses, putting forward such concepts as"feminine autobiography "and"existential value of famine individuals".

以&大中华文化&与&世界文学&格局为视野，以&个体生存&的女性&自我&为切入点，以存在主义哲学、人本主义心理学、精神分析学、女性主义批评等理论为研究方法，本论文对欧美华人女作家纪实性作品中的女性自我书写现象进行系统考察与梳理，提出&女性自我书写&与&女性个体生存观&等概念，试图建立起世纪之交欧美华人女作家纪实性自我书写创作批评的整体框架，并对相关现象进行适当的命名与阐释。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。